Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Otic medications containing triamcinolone or dexamethasone were administered twice daily for 21 days to 2 groups of 4 healthy dogs each. Serum alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase activities, and serum bile acid and lipoprotein-X concentrations were assayed for 35 days. Increased serum activities for gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine transaminase were detected by day 7 and peaked at day 21. Increases were greater in dogs given the dexamethasone-containing medication. Enzyme activity returned to baseline by day 35. Serum aspartate transaminase activity and bile acid and lipoprotein-X concentrations did not increase.
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PMID:Effect of otic medications containing glucocorticoids on liver function test results in healthy dogs. 196 51

Hydrophobic bile acids have been shown to be hepatotoxic, whereas treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid, a hydrophilic bile acid, has improved liver function indices in patients with chronic liver disease. Taurine administration has also been suggested to be useful for chronic hepatitis, taurine-conjugated bile acids being more hydrophilic than glycine-conjugated bile acids. To determine if taurine and ursodeoxycholic acid are beneficial and if their effects are additive, a double-blind, randomized trial was designed comparing the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid, taurine, and a combination of the two on indices of liver injury in 24 patients with chronic hepatitis. They were assigned at random to two of the four following treatments: ursodeoxycholic acid (600 mg/day), taurine (1.5 g/day), ursodeoxycholic acid plus taurine (600 mg + 1.5 g/day) or placebo, given in two successive cycles of 2 mo each, according to a balanced incomplete-block design. Ursodeoxycholic acid became the predominant biliary bile acid when administered alone or in combination with taurine, and taurine conjugate levels increased during taurine administration. Ursodeoxycholic acid reduced aspartate aminotransferase (35%), alanine aminotransferase (33%), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (41%), whereas taurine alone did not. The addition of taurine to ursodeoxycholic acid produced only minor changes in the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid alone. Results were confirmed by the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid, in a successive open phase of the study, to the entire patient population, which was large enough for different subsets of patients to be compared. Serum bile acids were measured at entry and during the open phase: primary bile acids did not change, whereas ursodeoxycholic acid levels increased from trace amounts to very high levels, especially in patients with more severe histological disease. It is concluded that ursodeoxycholic acid, but not taurine, improves enzymatic indices of liver injury in chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid and taurine on serum liver enzymes and bile acids in chronic hepatitis. 196 71

The effects of moderate alcohol intake on serum (SHEX)- and urinary beta-hexosaminidase (UHEX) were studied in ten healthy volunteers, who ingested 60 g of 100% ethanol daily for 10 days. The drinking period was preceded and followed by an abstinence period. Moderate drinking and abstinence were rapidly and significantly reflected on SHEX, while UHEX levels did not change significantly during the study. Gramma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) decreased during the first abstinence period (P less than 0.05), but stayed thereafter at a constant level. It is concluded that SHEX may better reflect recent alcohol consumption than UHEX, GGT, ASAT or ALAT.
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PMID:The effects of moderate drinking and abstinence on serum and urinary beta-hexosaminidase levels. 196 91

The hepatoma-specific band of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase II (GGT II) and other three markers were evaluated in 77 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). The positive rate of GGT II (87%) was much higher than that of the increased alpha-fetoprotein (AFP greater than or equal to 400 ng/ml, 54.5%), the increased alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT greater than or equal to 400 mg/dl, 64.9%) and alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme I (ALP I, 13.0%). In patients with AFP less than 400 ng/ml, the positive rate of GGT II was 95.2%, higher than that of ALP I (22.8%) and AAT (60.0%). The positive rate of GGT II was positively correlated to the volume of PHC (r = 0.324, P less than 0.05), but even in patients with small PHC (less than or equal to 65 cm3), the positive rate of GGT II (78.6%) was higher than that of AFP (50.0%) and AAT (28.6%). The ALP I positivity was only seen in patients with larger PHC. Follow-up study showed that GGT II, like AFP, might occur before liver tumor could be detected by B-mode ultrasonography and computerized tomography. Therefore, GGT II is a valuable marker of PHC, especially in patients whose AFP was negative or slightly increased; GGT II may be useful for relatively early diagnosis of PHC.
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PMID:Reappraisal of diagnostic significance of a hepatoma-specific band of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase. 197 81

Based on uncontrolled observations, we have proposed ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as a novel therapeutic approach in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). To confirm and extend our original findings, we have designed a double-blind multicentre randomized clinical trial. An interim analysis was planned at 6 months, involving all subjects included in the trial, with a final analysis at 2 years. The UDCA-PBC trial began in June 1987 and will be completed in March 1990. Seventy patients were randomized to receive UDCA and 68 a placebo. The two groups were well matched with respect to age, sex, duration and prevalence of symptoms and histologic severity (50% of the UDCA group had stage III-IV disease vs. 37% of the placebo group). During the first 6 months of follow-up, six patients withdrew from the trial. At 6 months, the proportion of patients with jaundice was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in UDCA recipients than in the placebo group. There was a similar decrease in the proportion of patients with pruritus and fatigue in both groups. The following laboratory test values were significantly lower in UDCA recipients than in the placebo group after 6 months of therapy: serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activities (p less than 0.001), cholesterol (p less than 0.003) and IgM levels (p less than 0.03). The results of this interim analysis confirm and extend the biochemical data provided by our previous pilot study. However the final analysis of the trial is necessary for a definitive assessment of the safety and efficacy of UDCA therapy in PBC.
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PMID:Ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. Interim analysis of a double-blind multicentre randomized trial. The UDCA-PBC Study Group. 197 19

A multi-center double-blind controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was carried out. Twenty two and 23 patients were treated with 600 mg/day UDCA and placebo, respectively, for 24 weeks. In UDCA-treated patients, fall of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activities started within 4 weeks after start of the trial and continued throughout the trial period. The serum IgM level fell in 7 UDCA-treated patients examined but not in 10 placebo-treated patients examined. Serum bilirubin concentration showed no significant change at the end of the study in either of UDCA- and placebo-treated group of patients. There was no significant difference between these two groups with respect to the frequency of improvement of pruritus. In UDCA-treated patients, serum bile acid composition changed markedly, though its concentration showed no significant change. The percentage of total bile acid which ursodeoxycholic acid took up increased, whereas those which cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid took up were decreased.
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PMID:A multi-center double-blind controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis. 198 Jun 54

A prospective study was performed in the Dutch flower bulb culture to investigate the possible effects of subchronic exposure to the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (DCP) on liver and kidney function and on glutathione conjugation capacity in blood. Urine spot samples and venous blood samples from 14 workers applying DCP (applicators) were taken at the start of the season in July, and after the season in October. The parameters of liver function measured were: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, and total bilirubin (conjugated and unconjugated). Total bilirubin was significantly decreased from 9.5 before to 7.0 mumol/l after the season. In combination with an increase in serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity from 12.5 to 19.5 U/l this indicates moderate hepatic enzyme induction. To study renal function, creatinine and beta 2-microglobulin in serum, and beta 2-microglobulin, albumin, alanine aminopeptidase, beta-galactosidase, and retinol binding protein in urine were measured. The glomerular function parameters albumin in urine and creatinine in serum changed significantly during the season: albumin concentration increased from 5.2 to 7.6 mg/l, whereas creatinine concentration [corrected] decreased from 93.0 to 87.5 mumol/l. The tubular function parameter retinol binding protein also increased in concentration from 20.0 to 26.9 micrograms/l. Therefore, a subclinical nephrotoxic effect of subchronic exposure to DCP cannot be excluded. Effects on glutathione conjugation capacity were studied by measuring erythrocyte glutathione S-transferase activity and blood glutathione concentrations. The activity of glutathione S-transferase in erythrocytes was significantly decreased from 4.7 before to 3.3 U/g haemoglobin after the season. The same was true for the blood glutathione concentrations, which decreased from 0.93 to 0.82 mM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Biological effect monitoring of occupational exposure to 1,3-dichloropropene: effects on liver and renal function and on glutathione conjugation. 191 9

In the following study, normal blood values were performed on 58 Friesian calves (30 males and 28 females) under preexisting Moroccan management conditions. The following parameters were evaluated: pH-value, p.CO2, actual HCO3, BE, BB, RBC, WBC, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCHC, Glucose, lactate, urea, creatinine, total protein, total bilirubin, enzyme activities of AST and GGT and electrolyte-values (Na, K, Cl). The values of all parameters varied significantly with age with the exception of MCV, MCHC and K. The female calves presented higher values of act. HCO3, BE, BB, Hb, PCV and MCV than the male calves (p less than 0.01). The calves were born in mixed acidosis stage which was largely restored 24 hours later. At the weaning, the calves showed a slight metabolic acidosis with a partial respiratory compensation. The metabolic acidosis was accompanied with an increase of lactate level in blood plasma. During the first month of life, the development of an anaemia (PCV decreased) was observed. The mean values of glucose and total protein increased after colostrum intake, whereas the electrolyte values in blood plasma decreased. In general, the mean values of lactate, creatinine, urea, total bilirubin and the activities of AST and GGT decreased with age, while glucose and total protein remained nearly unchanged. The age and the sex should be taken in consideration judging the above mentioned parameters in a new born calf from birth to weaning (here: two months).
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PMID:[Hemocytological and hemobiochemical studies in black pied, clinically healthy breeding calves in Morocco]. 204 72

Wistar male rats underwent a midline ventral abdominal incision under pentobarbital anaesthesia and were divided into two groups: the experimental rats were injected with 0.04 ml.kg-1 bodyweight Ethibloc (Ethicon-FRG) into a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, close to the hepatic portal vein and the control, saline. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation on the 1st and on the 30th day after the treatment. The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities are significantly increased at the 24 hr following the i.v. injection in the experimental rats. The 30th LDH5 level is decreased 19% in the experimental group from the ones in the control group. The serum activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) and serum cholinesterase do not differ substantially in the experimental group from these in the control group in the different periods of assessment.
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PMID:Changes in serum enzyme activities in splanchnic ischemia shock. 208 7

Liver necrosis was produced in rats by administering 3 doses of a mixture of carbon tetrachloride + olive oil, 2 ml/kg, ip. The liver damage was evidenced by the elevated levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and by histopathological observations of liver sections. Aspartate and glutamate administration (100 mg/kg, ip) significantly reduced these elevated levels of AST, ALT, and gamma-GT. Carbon tetrachloride induced liver necrosis was also found to be significantly reduced in aspartate and glutamate pretreated animals as observed macroscopically and histologically.
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PMID:Effect of aspartate and glutamate on carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats. 209 35


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