Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biochemical variables have been measured in a group of volunteers during and after a long-distance run. Plasma glucose levels remained relatively constant and a significant decrease in plasma bicarbonate was noted. Plasma sodium, chloride, total protein, albumin and calcium showed significant increased of an order compatible with water losses occurring during the run. Plasma potassium, urea, creatinine, uric acid, phosphate and bilirubin all show much more marked and variable increases. The plasma enzymes alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase likewise increased significantly throughout the run. Whilst most constituents showed a tendency to return to normal at 20-30 hours after the run, gross increases were observed for aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase.
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PMID:The effect of long-distance running on some biochemical variables. 119 11

The relationship between the antifertility effect of alpha-chlorohydrin and changes in composition of luminal plasma from the cauda epididymidis of rats and rabbits has been investigated. At each dose regimen studied, the fertilizing capacity of rats treated with alpha-chlorohydrin was reduced to zero. The levels of sodium, potassium, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in epididymal plasma were not markedly affected by drug treatment. The most noticeable change was a considerable increase in the concentration of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at all dose levels and of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) after 7 days of treatment with 8 and 16 mg/kg. The effect of cold shock on the composition of epididymal plasma showed that LDH and GOT are, at least in part, derived from spermatozoa. In contrast, alpha-chlorohydrin did not have an antifertility action in the rabbit, and the only notable change in the compositon of epididymal plasma was an increase in the level of GPC. These results provide evidence that, in the rat, alpha-chlorohydrin or a metabolite primarily exerts its antifertility effect by a direct action on the spermatozoa, whilst in the rabbit a barrier may exist to the entrance of the drug into the lumen of the epididymal duct.
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PMID:The effects of alpha-chlorohydrin on the composition of rat and rabbit epididymal plasma: a possible explanation of species difference. 119 43

The following enzymes were determined in the serum and plasma of man, dog and rat: alanine aminotransferase, asparate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The enzyme assays were performed on an Eppendorf-Enzymautomat 5010 using optimised conditions at 25 degrees C. The enzyme-activities changed by variable amounts during standing of the blood. This concerned mainly lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum of the rat. In human serum and in dog serum, and in the plasma of man, dog and rat this effect was only less pronounced.
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PMID:[Enzyme-activities in serum and plasma of man, dog and rat, and the variation of these enzyme activities during storage of the blood]. 121 61

The authors studied the activity of acid phosphatase (AP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartic and alanine-aminotranspherases (AST and ALT) in the serum of rats with intact and removed adrenal glands after a severe multifocal trauma induced according to Noble-Collip (300 rpt of the drum with the rotation speed of 37 rpt/min). Adrenalectomy showed practically no influence on the dynamics of the LDH and AP activity. An increase in the activity of the AST and especially of the ALT in the serum of adrenalectomized rats after the trauma was considerably less than in the animals with the intact adrenal glands.
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PMID:[The role of the adrenals in the development of hyperenzymemia in experimental multiple injuries]. 121 54

In 47 patients treated at the Toxicological Clinic in Krakow for coal stove-gas poisoning, the aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, LDH1 isoenzyme activities, and the lactate level were studied. Findings were compared with those of earlier investigations carried out on a group of patients poisoned by lighting gas; qualitatively changes in both groups were similar. The biochemical parameters studied aided in quantitative evaluation of the patients' condition: a threefold increase in lactate level on admission to the hospital and a likewise threefold increase in aspartate aminotransferase activity after 24 hrs of treatment are indications of severe poisoning.
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PMID:A comparison of two types of acute carbon monoxide poisoning. 124 99

The effect of continuous removal of thoracic duct lymph on plasma activities of creatine phosphokinase (PCK), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (PAST); and lactic dehydrogenase (PLDH), uas examined in pentobarbital-anaesthetised dogs over a 5.5-hour period. PCK and PAST declined relative to levels in control dogs while PLDH was unaltered. Lymph/plasma (L/P) ratios for AST and CPK were greater, and for LDH less, than the L/P ratio for total protein. It was concluded that PCK, and to some extent PAST, are normally maintained by introduction of enzyme, escaping from the intracellular compartment, into the circulating blood via the lymphatic system. PLDH and PAST appear to be maintained principally by introduction of enzyme directly from the intracellular to the plasma compartment.
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PMID:Plasma enzyme levels in the anaesthetised dog during drainage of thoracic duct lymph. 124 97

Seventy patients with blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma and hemoperitoneum were evaluated by the analysis of the enzyme content of peritoneal blood using automated laboratory methods. The enzyme levels in peritoneal blood were evaluated relative to the simultaneous levels in peripheral blood to identify enzyme differences in organ-related peritoneal and periheral blood. The findings in this study indicate that isolated liver injuries are associated with significant elevation of lactic dehydrogenase levels in peritoneal blood and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase levels in peritoneal and peripheral blood. A multiplicity of abdominal organ injury results in elevation of lactic dehydrogenase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase levels in peritoneal blood. The occurrence of isolated small intestinal injury and small intestinal injury combined with other organ injury produces a significant elevation of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase levels in peritoneal blood. The alkaline phosphatase elevation in peritoneal blood is associated with normal mean values in peripheral blood; therefore, combined alkaline phosphatase in peritoneal and peripheral blood has potential for use in the identification of small intestinal injury in patients with hemoperitoneum of traumatic origin.
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PMID:The use of enzyme analysis of peritoneal blood in the clinical assessment of abdominal organ injury. 124 61

Seventeen patients who had been admitted to hospital for wasp/bee sting were studied. Mild pyrexia was encountered in 7 patients, rash/urticaria in 3, angioneurotic oedema in 2, oliguria in 2, microscopic haematuria and albuminuria in 3, transient hypotension in 1. However, there were frequent elevations of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (9 out of 17 patients), serum creatine phosphokinase (14 out of 17 patients) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (8 out of 14 patients), indicating presence of damage to muscle fibres. This was confirmed by the histological findings of a muscle-biopsy from the most severe case. Elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase was found in 6, and elevation of serum isocitrate dehydrogenase in 5 out of 14 patients, suggesting presence of liver damage. The above enzyme elevations appeared short-lived except in the clinically most severe patient (case 9) who developed acute tubular necrosis. All patients except the latter suffered no clinical sequelae and there was no correlation between their clinical condition and the presence or degree of elevations of serum enzymes.
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PMID:Elevated serum enzymes in patients with wasp/bee sting and their clinical significance. 124 43

The serum creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LD) and alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (HBD) were determined before and 3, 6, 18, and 36 hours after cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography in 56 consecutive patients with ischaemic heart disease. Five of these patients whose serum enzyme levels were higher than normal before the procedure were excluded from the study. Forty-one of the remaining 51 patients had left ventriculography and also selective coronary arteriography. In these 41 patients (groups 1 and 2--see below), the mean serum CK levels increased after the procedure to exceed the upper limit of normal at every study interval. The mean serum AST, LD, and HBD levels generally remained within the normal range at all study intervals, though serum AST increased abnormally in 9 of the 41 patients (22%) and serum LD and HBD each increased above the normal limit in 2 of 41 patients (4.9%). In 24 patients (group 1) whose coronary arteriograms showed insignificant coronary narrowing (less than 75%) in any of the three major coronary arteries, the increase in serum CK was significantly higher than in 17 patients (group 2) with greater than 75% narrowings in at least one of the three major coronary arteries. However, the degree of serum CK elevation observed during the postangiographic period was much lower than that in another group of 30 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. In 10 patients (group 3) who had the same procedure as groups 1 and 2 except without the selective coronary arteriography, the serum enzyme levels showed no noticeable increase after the procedure. The difference in postangiographic serum CK elevation between patients with and without selective coronary arteriography and the difference between group 1 (without significant coronory narrowing) and group 2 (with significant narrowing) strongly suggest that the raised serum CK levels represent some form of myocardial damage caused by the coronary arteriography, which, however, is different at least in degree from that of acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Significance of serum enzyme changes after cardiac catheterization and selective coronary arteriography. 125 4

Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase show initial elevations within 12 hr of exposure to 2,000 rads of gamma-radiation to the thoracic region of rats. Significant decreases in heart muscle homogenate levels of these enzymes parallel initial elevations in the serum and may suggest that enhanced leakage of enzymes is a consequence of radiation injury to heart muscle. Insignificant alterations in mitochondrial glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase levels after exposure indicate that in vivo injury to the mitochondria from therapeutic levels of gamma-radiation is questionable. The results support the contention that ionizing radiation instigates alterations in the dynamic permeability of membranes, allowing leakage of biologically active material out of the injured cell.
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PMID:Radiation-induced enzyme efflux from rat heart: sedentary animals. 125 84


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