Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve substituted benzylidenes were evaluated for antiinflammatory activity against carrageenin-induced edema in rats. The protection afforded by these compounds at a dose of 100 mg/kg, i.p., ranged from 30 to 60%. Sodium salicylate (100 mg/kg, i.p.), used as a reference drug, exhibited a 30% antiinflammatory activity under similar experimental conditions. The in vitro effects of substituted benzylidenes were also investigated on the activity of trypsin during hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, and endogenous lipid peroxide formation by liver homogenates. These results have provided some correlation between antiinflammatory and antiproteolytic properties of substituted benzylidenes.
...
PMID:Correlation between antiinflammatory and antiproteolytic properties of substituted benzylidenes. 84 Aug 88

Applications of centrifugal analysers to the field of clinical chemistry have been reviewed. Specific areas covered include recent developments in clinical enzymology with emphasis on aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Also included are newer methods for uric acid, bilirubins and applications of enzyme linked immunoassays and immunochemical nephelometric techniques. Studies are described of the optimization of the BCG dye-binding procedure for serum albumin using an early absorbance reading.
...
PMID:Progress and future of centrifugal analysers. 90 Jun 3

The rate of distribution of cell enzymes between the intravascular and extravascular space was studied, following a sudden decrease of enzyme activities in plasma. This rapid decrease of enzyme activities was achieved in rats by a rapid exchange of the blood with a twofold volume of a suspension of homologous erythrocytes in isoosmolar bovine serum albumin solution. After this plasmapheresis, the activities of seven cell enzymes in the plasma were decreased to 14 to 22% of their original values. The subsequent increase in activities showed different kinetics, depending on the enzyme. After 120 min, creatine kinase had reached the starting activity; malate dehydrogenase and aldolase reached their original activities after 180 min. Aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and pyruvate kinase increased more slowly and they had still not reached their starting values after 240 min. Repetition of the plasmapheresis after 90 min had no obvious effect on the kinetics of the subsequent activity increase. During the first minutes after plasmapheresis the adjustment of the activity equilibrium between the interstitial and the intravascular compartments depends mainly on the capillary permeability. It is therefore possible to determine half-life constants for the distribution of enzymes within the extracellular space. The constants for malate dehydrogenase and aldolase are almost identical with those determined by intravenous injection, whereas there are discrepancies in the constants for the remaining enzymes. The constants for pyruvate kinase and glutamate dehydrogenase are significantly lower, while those for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase are significantly higher, than those determined after intravenous injection. Possible reasons for these differences are disucssed.
...
PMID:[Plasmapheresis as an experimental model for studies on the extracellular distribution of enzymes. Distribution and transport of cell enzymes within the extracellular space. IV (author's transl)]. 93 47

The hydroxyl groups of poly(ethyleneglycol) have been esterified (partly) with a number of carboxylic acids. When these esters are included in dextranpoly(ethyleneglycol)-water biphasic systems the partitions of proteins and membranes between the two phases (and the interface) are in some cases strongly affected. The affinity of serum albumin for the poly(ethyleneglycol)-rich phase is strongly increased when the fatty acid group consists of more than 10 carbon atoms. The partition also depends on the number of double bonds in the fatty acid. A corresponding relationship is found for membranes from spinach chloroplasts. The partitions of ovalbumin, lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and ribonuclease (EC 3.1.4.22) are not influenced by the fatty acid esters. Esters of dibasic carboxylic acids show a minute but marked effect on the partition of proteins in general while malate and tartrate esters affect strongly the partition of chloroplast membranes. The partitions of both proteins and membranes are influenced by poly(ethyleneglycol) deoxycholate. Experiments with malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), fumarase (EC 4.2.1.2), enolase (EC 4.2.1.11) and glutamate-ocaloacetate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.1) show that their partitions, measured on enzymic activity basis, is changed when esters of benzoic, linolenic, tartaric or deoxycholic acid are included in the biphasic system. The mechanism behind the effect of the esterified poly (ethyleneglycol) on the partition of biomaterial, in this type of aqueous biphasic systems, is discussed in terms of a direct binding of the esters to the partitioned material.
...
PMID:The effect of poly(ethyleneglycol) esters on the partition of proteins and fragmented membranes in aqueous biphasic systems. 99 68

Venous blood samples were collected monthly from 60 male and 60 female Sinclair (S-1) miniature swine from 1 through 36 months of age. Serum total protein concentration increased linearly from 1 through 10 months of age and remained stable thereafter with no sex related difference. Serum albumin concentration decreased from 1 through 3 months, increased from 3 through 8 months and decreased from 14 through 36 months. From 2 through 36 months, serum alpha-globulin concentration decreased; whereas, serum beta-globulin concentration increased. Serum gamma-globulin concentration increased markedly from 1 through 3 months and continued to increase through 36 months of age. From 10 through 36 months, males had a greater mean serum gamma-globulin concentration than did females. Serum total globulin concentration increased most rapidly from 1 through 3 months, less rapidly from 3 through 18 months and remained stable thereafter. Serum albumin/globulin ratio decreased sharply from 1 through 3 months and continued to decrease from 6 through 36 months with females having a greater mean concentration than males. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity decreased from 1 through 30 months with males having a greater mean activity than females from 7 through 36 months of age. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity decreased from 1 through 36 months of age with no sex related difference. Serum lactic dehydrogenase activity decreased from 1 through 30 months with females having a greater mean activity than males from 24 through 36 months of age.
...
PMID:Serum protein concentrations and enzyme activities, as functions of age and sex, in Sinclair (S-1) miniature swine. 126 77

A prospective evaluation was conducted of 94 unselected patients ("all comers") with biopsy-proven Child's class C cirrhosis (93% alcoholic) and endoscopically proven acutely bleeding esophageal varices who underwent emergency portacaval shunt (EPCS) (85% side-to-side, 15% end-to-side) within 8 hours of initial contact (mean, 6.1 hours) during the past 12 years. Follow-up has been 100% and includes all patients for at least 1 year, and 61 patients (65%) for 5 to 12 years. Incidence of serious risk factors on initial contact was: ascites, 97%; jaundice, 86%; portal-systemic encephalopathy including past history, 71%; severe muscle wasting, 96%; alcohol ingestion within 7 days, 66%; delirium tremens, 16%; serum albumin, less than or equal to 2.5 g/dL 76%; indocyanine green dye retention greater than or equal to 50% in 45 minutes, 66%; serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase greater than or equal to 100 units/L, 60%; hyperdynamic cardiac output greater than or equal to 6 L/minute, 98%. Mean Child's point score was 13.7 out of a maximum of 15. EPCS reduced mean corrected free portal pressure from 286 to 23 mm saline, and permanently controlled variceal bleeding in every patient. Of the 94 patients, 74 (80%) left the hospital alive and 68 (72%) survived 1 year. Five-year actuarial survival rate is 64%. Hepatic failure was the main cause of death during initial hospitalization as well as during follow-up, when it was related to continued alcoholism. Portal-systemic encephalopathy, which was present on initial contact in 55% of patients, occurred at some time during follow-up in 18.7%, but was recurrent and required dietary protein restriction in only 9%, all of whom had resumed alcoholism. The low incidence of portal-systemic encephalopathy was attributable to the lifelong program of follow-up with regular dietary counseling and continued emphasis on both protein restriction to 60 g/day and abstinence from alcohol. Abstinence was sustained in 69%, liver function improved in 82%, general health was judged excellent or good in 73%, and Child's risk class converted to class B in 73% and class A in 21%. Excluding retirees because of age, 42% were gainfully employed or engaged in full-time housekeeping. Long-term shunt patency was documented in 100% of survivors by yearly angiography or Doppler ultrasonography. It is concluded that EPCS within 8 hours of initial contact permanently controls variceal hemorrhage and results in prolonged survival and a life of acceptable quality in many alcoholic cirrhotic patients in Child's class C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
...
PMID:Is portal-systemic shunt worthwhile in Child's class C cirrhosis? Long-term results of emergency shunt in 94 patients with bleeding varices. 141 75

A Theileria sergenti soluble merozoite preparation containing the 29, 34, 35 and 105 KD as the immunodominant polypeptides, was evaluated for efficacy, safety and protectivity in Holstein calves against virulent field tick challenge. The soluble antigens (100 mg/dose) were fortified with either complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Twenty naive calves, aged one month, were subcutaneously inoculated with the preparation and a booster dose was administered 4 weeks later. Twenty additional calves served as controls. Five weeks after the booster dose, vaccinates and uninoculated controls were moved to a pasture, a heavily tick infested area in Cheju-do, Korea. The vaccinates showed negligible change in hematocrit and total RBC count whereas control animals showed significant (p < 0.05) hematological changes and associated anemia. Only 30% of vaccinates required chemotherapy after the experiment was terminated. All control animals required chemotherapy and 25% received blood transfusion. The highest percent parasitized erythrocytes in vaccinated cattle was 0.4% as compared with 3.6% among controls during the month of July. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in the rate of body weight increase. Significant differences were also noted in serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein and bilirubin. Significantly more vaccinated cattle maintained normal ranges of hematological and biochemical values as compared with the control group. It is suggested that soluble merozoite T. sergenti antigens may be potential vaccine candidates for developing a genetic vaccine in Korea.
...
PMID:Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of solubilized merozoite-enriched Theileria sergenti immunogens. II: Protection against natural exposure under field conditions. 142 33

We present the results of a study on performance of a reference material for alanine aminotransferase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2) and the corresponding IFCC-approved method in an interlaboratory trial involving 13 laboratories. The ALT material was partly purified from pig heart (specific activity, 150 kU/g) and was essentially free of six potentially contaminating enzyme activities, including aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1). The partly purified ALT was lyophilized in a triethanolamine-buffered matrix, pH 6.4, containing bovine serum albumin and saccharose. Under these conditions, the predicted yearly loss of activity was 0.02% at 4 degrees C and < 0.01% at -20 degrees C. The final blank-corrected results of the accepted set of data gave a mean (SD) of 128.5 (5.1) U/L. The among-laboratory SD was 4.6 U/L and the within-laboratory SD was 2.0 U/L. The certified ALT catalytic concentration in the reconstituted material was 129 U/L with a 0.95 confidence interval of +/- 4 U/L.
...
PMID:Interlaboratory study of the IFCC method for alanine aminotransferase performed with use of a partly purified reference material. 145 69

Total serum protein, serum albumin, total urine protein excretion, and the serum activity of several enzymes--aldolase (ALS), cholinesterase (CHS), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)--were estimated in rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 30 days after a single injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). It was found that: (a) total serum protein and serum albumin diminished on day 4 and returned to control values on days 20 and 30, respectively; (b) total urine protein excretion rose on day 4, reached a peak value on day 8, and then fell substantially but still remained higher than control values on day 30; (c) ALS and CHS activities increased; (d) LAP, ICD, and AST activities showed a biphasic pattern, first increasing and then decreasing; (e) ALT, LDH, HBD, CK, and ALP activities decreased; and (f) GGT activity remained unchanged. The differences in the profiles of the enzyme activities suggest their independent regulation in experimental NS induced by PAN.
...
PMID:Activity of serum enzymes in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome. 146 3

The present study examined the preventive effects of green tea extract on D-galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatic injury in rats, an animal model of viral hepatitis. A single i.p.-injection of GalN (700 mg/kg) to male Wistar rats caused fulminant hepatitis by 48 hr as assessed by marked increases in the serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities; decreases in the serum protein and cholesterol levels and the amount of liver microsome P-450; and marked changes in organ weights. The lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity markedly increased at 8 hr and markedly decreased at 24 hr after the GalN injection. In the experiment, animals were orally administered green tea extract at doses of 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg five times each before and after the GalN injection. Treatment with green tea extract significantly prevented the increases in the GOT, GPT and ALP activities in a dose-related manner. It also significantly prevented the decreases in serum albumin and total cholesterol, although not in a dose-related manner. A tendency to prevent the increase in LCAT activity and the decrease in liver microsome P-450 was also noted. Little effect was found on the other abnormal changes in the serum lipids and proteins and the organ weights. These results suggest that green tea may have an ameliorating effect on hepatic dysfunction.
...
PMID:[Effects of green tea extract on galactosamine-induced hepatic injury in rats]. 146 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---