Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using fully mechanized analytical equipment, interference by haemolysis in the determination of 26 clinical chemical parameters was determined quantitatively by adding haemolysate to serum. Haemoglobin concentrations up to 6.6 g/l caused essentially no interference in the following determinations: albumin (immuno-nephelometric), alpha-amylase, calcium, chloride, cholesterol, cholinesterase, creatinine, iron, glucose, glutamate dehydrogenase, uric acid, urea, sodium, inorganic phosphate, total protein, transferrin and triglycerides. In the presence of haemoglobin, erroneously high values were found for: lactate dehydrogenase (haemoglobin higher than 0.2 g/l), aspartate aminotransferase, potassium and acid phosphate (haemoglobin higher than 1.5 g/l), creatine kinase (haemoglobin higher than 2.5 g/l) and alanine aminotransferase (haemoglobin higher than 3.4 g/l). Erroneously low values were found for bilirubin (haemoglobin higher than 0.8 g/l), alkaline phosphatase and albumin (by electrophoresis) (haemoglobin higher than 1.5 g/l) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (haemoglobin higher than 3.0 g/l).
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PMID:Haemolysis as an interference factor in clinical chemistry. 371 97

A reference range data base containing serum chemistry and hematology values on over 3000 animals is described. Data listed include the mean, standard deviation, and 10th and 90th percentiles for each of the following parameters. Serum chemistry: sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, urea nitrogen, creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase (monkey only), lactate dehydrogenase (dog only), and creatine kinase (dog only). Hematology: hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells, reticulocytes, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin percent, platelets, white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and stabs. The species included are mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, beagle dog, and cynomolgus monkey. The use of the reference ranges in routine computerized data collection is discussed.
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PMID:Reference range data base for serum chemistry and hematology values in laboratory animals. 371 84

Previous observations that valproic acid (VPA) causes hepatic damage prompted us to investigate the effect of large doses of the drug (0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mmol/kg/day) on a number of liver enzymes located on different subcellular fractions. In mitochondria, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase were significantly increased (1.8 mmol/kg/day). In microsomes, gamma-glutamyltransferase activity increased significantly (1.8 mmol/kg) and cytochrome P-450 content decreased significantly (1.2 and 1.8 mmol/kg). In cytosol, both aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were increased at all dose levels. These results indicate that VPA induces dose-dependent changes in some liver enzyme activities.
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PMID:Effect of sodium valproate on subcellular fraction enzymes in rat liver. 393 26

We measured the activities of two mitochondrial enzymes, the mitochondrial form of aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) and glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.2), in the serum of apparently healthy persons (n = 84) and patients suffering from chronic liver diseases (n = 43). The distribution of activities for glutamate dehydrogenase, but not mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, was sex-dependent. The upper limits of the reference intervals (99th percentile) at 37 degrees C were 3.2 U/L for mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, 6.4 U/L for glutamate dehydrogenase (women), and 11.0 U/L for glutamate dehydrogenase (men); there was a weak correlation between the activities of both mitochondrial enzymes (r = 0.439). In patients with chronic liver diseases we found a greater increase in the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase than of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase and the correlation between the two mitochondrial enzymes was stronger. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of either mitochondrial enzyme was less than that of total aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), or gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2).
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PMID:Mitochondrial enzymes in human serum: comparative determinations of glutamate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in healthy persons and patients with chronic liver diseases. 396 54

Haematological and hepatic effects of testosterone/anabolic steroid self-administration were investigated in five power athletes during 26 weeks of training. During steroid administration blood haematocrit had increased 9.6% (p less than .05) in the study group (n = 5), but not in the control group (n = 6). This erythropoietic phenomenon was supported by increased (p less than .05) RBC and unchanged MCV. Blood haemoglobin concentration did not change markedly and consequently MCHC level in the study group decreased significantly (p less than .001). Also the erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased (p less than .05) in the study group. The mean values of serum alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were and remained within normal range in both groups, although those of the study group were higher. The mean values of serum aspartate aminotransferase exceeded the normal range (56 U/l, at highest) but this may be of muscular rather than hepatic origin because of the severe training. It can be concluded that erythropoiesis was stimulated and liver function mildly impaired due to sustained high-dose testosterone/anabolic steroid administration.
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PMID:Androgenic steroid effects on liver and red cells. 399 22

Serum levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, iron, total magnesium, total calcium, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate transaminase, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin and plasma glucose were determined in 49 ostriches (Struthio camelus) kept under semi-extensive conditions.
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PMID:Blood chemical and electrolyte concentrations in the ostrich Struthio camelus. 402 Aug 17

In the disposable rotor of the SAM microcentrifugal analyzer, various lyophilized reagents are predistributed in 24 33-microL cuvets, for determination of multiple analytes in one specimen (e.g., for patient profiles). We evaluated a prototype of this system, which can be used at 25, 30, or 37 degrees C; absorbance readings at 340, 405, and 500 nm varied linearly up to 2.0 A. Starting the reactions by rehydrating the reagents with diluted serum is adequate because absorbance readings do not begin until 180 s after initiating the rehydration. Analytical performances of kinetic determinations at 30 degrees C showed good accuracy and correlation with other methods for creatine kinase, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase. Kinetic determinations for urea, and equilibrium determinations with blank corrections for glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides gave excellent results for glucose and correct results for the other analytes. This compact analyzer combines the analytical performances of a centrifugal analyzer with the practicability of instruments having predistributed reagents.
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PMID:Liquid-phase reactions started by rehydrating lyophilized reagents in a centrifugal analyzer. 402

We evaluated serial enzyme and bilirubin determinations as aids to diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis (121 cases) and the heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illness due to cytomegalovirus (33 cases). Laboratory evidence for either type of mononucleosis includes mild to moderate hepatic dysfunction, with aspartate aminotransferase activity increased, but lower than commonly encountered in active viral hepatitis. Of the enzymes commonly assayed in evaluating liver function, aspartate aminotransferase activity was the most commonly abnormal: in 96.7% of those with Epstein-Barr virus disease and 87.9% with cytomegalovirus disease. Values for alkaline phosphatase were increased in 94.2% of the Epstein-Barr virus cases and 63.6% of the cytomegalovirus cases, and gamma-glutamyltransferase values were increased in 90.9% and 75.8%, respectively. We conclude that, in serially studied patients, normal results for liver-function studies or very high aspartate aminotransferase activities (greater than 1000 U/L) eliminate, for practical purposes, both Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus as diagnostic considerations.
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PMID:Hepatic function in mononucleosis induced by Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. 610 48

Serum activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were determined in 316 patients attending an out-patients clinic for treatment of alcoholism. The activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase was raised in 34% and that of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in 18% and 7%. Neither the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase nor alkaline phosphatase showed any significant (P greater than 0.05) correlation with the history of alcohol consumption. The activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were raised significantly more often in patients with recent alcohol consumption than in patients who had abstained for more than 9 days. The concentration of alkaline phosphatase was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) different in these groups. The predictive value of raised and normal activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase, in deciding whether a patient had had recent alcohol consumption or not, was not superior to the predictive value of raised and normal activities of aspartate aminotransferase.
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PMID:Gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase as markers of alcohol consumption in out-patient alcoholics. 611 56

The activities of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase in renal tissue and urine of rats treated with sodium tetrathionate were determined. A decrease of enzyme activities in renal tissue and an increase in urine were observed. The largest decrease in the glutamate dehydrogenase of renal tissue amounted to 0.7 times the control value, and was correlated with an appropriate increase in the urine. Increases in urinary enzyme activity were especially marked for beta-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (3 and 6 times the control values, respectively). The increase in enzyme activities was not accompanied by a corresponding change in the urinary protein. Characterization of urinary lactate dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase isoenzymes also indicates the renal origin of these enzymes. The abnormally high enzyme activities of the urine correlated with the nature and degree of renal damage shown by electron microscopy.
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PMID:Effect of sodium tetrathionate on the activities of some enzymes in kidney and urine. 611 89


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