Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic hepatic disease was diagnosed in 6 horses with history of anorexia and weight loss. These horses consistently had abnormally high serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities, total and direct bilirubin and blood ammonia values, and sulfobromophthalein clearance times, whereas serum iditol dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were variable. In the 6 horses, histologic examination of the liver revealed lesions of chronic hepatitis with varying degrees of fibrosis. All 6 horses had ingested kleingrass (Panicum coloratum) for variable periods. Three healthy horses fed kleingrass hay for 90 days developed hepatic lesions and increases in serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities similar to those in the 6 horses with chronic hepatitis. Characteristic hepatic lesions in both groups of horses included bridging hepatic fibrosis, cholangitis, and hepatocellular regeneration.
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PMID:Kleingrass-associated hepatotoxicosis in horses. 319 74

The mechanism of Tris-BP or Bis-BP (a metabolite of Tris-BP) induced nephrotoxicity was investigated by determining urinary excretion of enzymes and selected metabolites. Rats received single oral doses of 0, 71.7, 143.4 and 286.8 mumol/kg tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (Tris-BP) or bis (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (Bis-BP). Urine was collected over a 24 h period and subjected to biochemical examinations. Comparative studies on Tris-BP- and Bis-BP-induced nephrotoxicities were carried out for abnormal patterns of urinary excretion. The urinary excretion of glucose was higher in Bis-BP than Tris-BP at a dose of 143.4 mumol/kg, but this pattern reversed at a dose of 286.8 mumol/kg. Peak lactate excretion occurred later than peak glucose excretion with 143.4 and 286.8 mumol/kg Tris BP and 143.4 mumol/kg Bis-BP. Bis-BP 286.8 mumol/kg caused a transient urinary elevation of lactate on Day 2. Uric acid was excreted at higher levels for Bis-BP than Tris-BP on day 2 of urine collection. Activities of urinary enzymes including alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, were different on the first day of post-treatment for Tris-BP and Bis-BP. Leucine aminopeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase levels differed on the second day. Activities of the former enzymes on the day 2 urine suggested a transformation of Tris-BP to Bis-BP. Urinary patterns of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes (LDH-1-LDH-5) were different between Tris-BP and Bis-BP when rats were treated with the dose of 286.8 mumol/kg: Tris-BP caused a higher excretion of LDH-4 and LDH-5 in urine on day 1 and all five isoenzymes into the day 2 urine. Bis-BP caused slightly higher excretion of LDH-5 and LDH-4 into the day 1 and 3 urine, respectively. Bis-BP but not Tris-BP caused abnormally urinary excretion of sodium ion. Histopathologically, the nephrotoxic effect of Tris-BP appeared one day later and was more obvious than that of Bis-BP in rats after single oral administration.
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PMID:Comparative studies on nephrotoxic effects of tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate and bis (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate on rat urinary metabolites. 335 64

The authors evaluated the quality and reliability of four desktop analyzers in the outpatient clinic. Twenty-seven nontechnologists (NTs) participated in the study. These included nurses, physicians, and medical students. The instruments and tests evaluated were as follows: Reflotron (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyltransferase and urea); Seralyzer (creatinine, glucose, potassium, aspartate aminotransferase, and hemoglobin); Vision (glucose, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, and uric acid); and DT60 (sodium, potassium, glucose, amylase, uric acid, bilirubin, and creatinine). For precision studies, low and high control material was used, and method comparison was done with methods in routine use in the laboratory. The range of coefficients of variation (CVs) for the analyzers with NTs was as follows: Reflotron: CV, 2.4-7.9%; Seralyzer CV, 1.4-18.7%; Vision: CV, 1.5-2.7%; DT60: CV, 2.5-46.8. The percentage results that is different by greater than 10% between the NTs and trained technologists was related to the complexicity of procedure for each analyzer and was the lowest for the Vision analyzer and greatest for the Seralyzer.
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PMID:Near-patient testing. Quality of laboratory test results obtained by non-technical personnel in a decentralized setting. 336 74

Chemical parameters comprising urea and creatinine nitrogen, cations (Na+, K+, and Ca2+), chloride, phosphorus, protein, cholesterol and enzymes, aminotransferases, alkaline and prostatic acid phosphatases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase were ascertained for semen from groups A (vasectomized), B (oligospermic), and C (normospermic) men, 19 to 55 years of age. Of the parameters, the vasectomized group underwent definite depressions in potassium ion, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase as compared with the normospermic group; the last three enzymes and, possibly, the urea-creatinine ratio were decreased for the oligospermic group vs. the normospermic men. In the comparison of groups A and B, only the decrements in alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were statistically significant. In corroboration of past reports, CK-BB comprised the main isoenzyme of semen creatine kinase.
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PMID:Enzymatic and electrolytic profiles of human semen. 337 44

727 consecutive drunken drivers were studied for laboratory markers of excessive alcohol consumption. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase showed no differences and aspartate aminotransferase and blood alcohol concentration only small differences between groups of first and repeating drunk driving offenders. The best laboratory test to differentiate the repeating offenders with probably more serious alcohol problems from the first offenders was in our material serum acetate, the mean serum acetate level of the repeating offenders being highly significantly (P less than 0.001) higher than that of the first offenders or nonalcoholic controls. Serum acetate also differentiated first offenders from nonalcoholic controls (P less than 0.001). Our results suggest that serum acetate could be used for the screening of problem drinking among drunken drivers.
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PMID:Increased serum acetate as a marker of problem drinking among drunken drivers. 339 Feb 36

Concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphorus, total magnesium, total calcium, iron, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), creatine kinase (CK), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were determined in serum specimens collected from 53 free-ranging mountain reedbuck (Redunca fulvorufula) during live capture using nets. Considerable variations in the concentrations of the enzymes ALP, LDH, CK, GGT and AST were found as well as in the concentrations of creatinine, bilirubin and iron. This wide variation in results seriously questions the usefulness of similar blood investigations on heterogenous groups of mechanically restrained animals.
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PMID:Blood chemical and electrolyte concentrations in the mountain reedbuck Redunca fulvorufula. 350 6

Concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphorus, total calcium, total magnesium, albumin, total protein, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, cortisol as well as the activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were determined in serum specimens collected from 100 free-ranging warthogs Phacochoerus aethiopicus within five minutes after they were killed with a shotgun. Average concentrations for the following chemical constituents were found: sodium (145 mmol l-1), potassium (8.6 mmol l-1), chloride (102.5 mmol l-1), phosphorus (2.31 mmol l-1), calcium (2.93 mmol l-1), magnesium (1.23 mmol l-1), albumin (26.4 g l-1), serum proteins (62.2 g l-1), cholesterol (1.82 mmol l-1) and urea (8.74 mmol l-1). The cortisol concentrations ranged from 55-340 nmol l-1 (n = 30). Wide variations were recorded in the concentration of creatinine as well as in the activities of the various enzymes.
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PMID:Blood chemical parameters in the warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus. 350 7

Serum concentrations of total proteins, albumin, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, urea, creatinine, total calcium, ionised calcium, total magnesium, sodium chloride, potassium, phosphorus, cortisol, parathormone, 25-hydroxy-VitD3 and insulin as well as the results of haematological investigations in Cape vultures (n = 10) are presented.
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PMID:Serum biochemical and haematological parameters in the Cape vulture Gyps coprotheres. 350 9

The authors evaluated the Cobas FARA centrifugal analyzer with respect to pipetting precision and accuracy, instrument temperature, spectrophotometric response, and analytic performance for the assay of five serum enzymes and glucose. Spectrophotometric response, temperature response, pipetting precision, and accuracy were satisfactory. However, sufficient time must be allowed for cuvet contents to reach a stable temperature before measurements are made. Total day-to-day imprecision (within plus between run) was less than 5% (coefficient of variation) for aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST; Enzyme Commission classification number [EC] EC 2.6.1.1; and ALT; EC 2.6.1.2); alkaline phosphatase (AP; EC 3.1.3.1); gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.1.2); lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.17); creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.1); and glucose assays. Results compare well with those obtained with other current clinical chemistry analyzers; correlation coefficients were greater than 0.993. Sample-to-sample carryover was negligible, and method linearity was satisfactory for all tests.
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PMID:A clinical evaluation of the Cobas Fara clinical chemistry analyzer for some routine serum enzymes and glucose. 367 42

A rapid selective method for measuring the activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 in serum by using 1,6-hexanediol as an inhibitor of the M-subunit was developed. Hexanediol was added to serum at a final concentration of 0.7 mol/l. After incubation at 30 degrees C for 15 min, the activity was measured with an automatic analyser. The inter-assay coefficient of variation was 6.9% for the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 measurement. The results obtained from the sera of 100 patients analysed by the proposed selective method and by the conventional electrophoretic method, respectively, showed an excellent correlation. This selective method was used to determine the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 activity of sera from patients with acute myocardial infarction, and the results were correlated well with those obtained by the immunological, Roch Isomune method. Addition of 1,6-hexanediol did not affect the measurement of activities of other enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.
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PMID:Selective determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 in serum after inhibition by 1,6-hexanediol. 369 31


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