Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded and the serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (ASAT) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was measured in 22 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) under spinal or epidural anaesthesia. The irrigating fluid consisted of 1.5% glycine and 1% ethanol, and absorption of the fluid was monitored by detection of alcohol in the expired breath. The results show that nine of the 11 patients (82%) who absorbed more than 1,000 ml of irrigating fluid had developed ECG changes 24 h after the operations. The most common alteration was depression of the T wave. This sign was only seen in one (9%) of the patients who absorbed none or very small amounts of irrigating fluid (P < 0.001). The serum activity of CK and ASAT increased in five patients who also developed ECG changes, and the highest values were recorded 24 h after TURP. The CK-MB isoenzyme was detected in 85% of the samples with elevated total CK, but the criteria for myocardial infarction were never fulfilled. In contrast, PAP increased in all patients and the highest level occurred at the end of TURP. The activity-time profiles suggest that CK and ASAT entered the circulation by a mechanism different from that of PAP. We conclude that absorption of glycine solution during TURP is frequently followed by nonspecific ECG signs of altered cardiac function and also that the serum activities of CK and ASAT increase in some of these patients.
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PMID:ECG and cardiac enzymes after glycine absorption in transurethral prostatic resection. 797 44

We report the results of a randomized single-centre study designed to assess the effects of simvastatin on blood lipids, blood biochemistry, haematology and other measures of safety and tolerability in preparation for a large-scale multicentre mortality study. Six hundred and twenty-one individuals considered to be at increased risk of coronary heart disease were randomized, following a 2-month placebo 'run-in' period, to receive 40 mg daily simvastatin, 20 mg daily simvastatin or matching placebo. Their mean age was 63 years, 85% were male, 62% had a history of prior myocardial infarction (MI), and the mean baseline total cholesterol was 7.0 mmol.l-1. Median follow-up in the present report is 3.4 years. Eight weeks after randomization, 40 mg daily simvastatin had reduced non-fasting total cholesterol by 29.2% +/- 1.1 (2.03 +/- 0.08 mmol.l-1) and 20 mg daily simvastatin had reduced it by 26.8% +/- 1.0 (1.87 +/- 0.07 mmol.l-1). Almost all of the difference in total cholesterol at 8 weeks was due to the reduction in LDL cholesterol (40.8% +/- 1.6 and 38.2% +/- 1.4 among patients allocated 40 mg and 20 mg of simvastatin daily respectively), but simvastatin also reduced triglycerides substantially (19.0% and 17.3%) and produced a small increase in HDL cholesterol (6.4% and 4.8%). These effects were largely sustained over the next 3 years, with 40 mg daily simvastatin producing a slightly greater reduction in total cholesterol at 3 years (25.7% +/- 1.9 reduction) than did 20 mg daily simvastatin (22.2% +/- 1.8). There were no differences between the treatment groups in the numbers of reports of 'possible adverse effects' of treatment or of a range of different symptoms or conditions (including those related to sleep or mood) recorded at regular clinic follow-up. Mean levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase were slightly increased by treatment, but there were no significant differences between the treatment groups in the numbers of patients with significantly elevated levels. A slightly lower platelet count in the simvastatin group was the only haematological difference from placebo, with no difference in the numbers of patients with low platelet counts. In summary, the simvastatin regimens studied produced large sustained reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride and small increases in HDL cholesterol. They were well tolerated, with no evidence of serious side-effects during the first 3 years of this study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Three-year follow-up of the Oxford Cholesterol Study: assessment of the efficacy and safety of simvastatin in preparation for a large mortality study. 800 29

The diagnostic significance of ischemia-sensitive laboratory parameters in respect to possible interference with shed blood autotransfusion was assessed in a prospective study with 100 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Serum levels of creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB activity, creatine kinase MB mass concentration, 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase-1, troponin-T, myoglobin, and glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase were repeatedly assessed up to the sixth postoperative day. Thirty-seven patients were excluded from the study due to postoperative development of myocardial infarction (n = 4), transient ischemic events (n = 25), and left bundle-branch blocks (n = 8). In the remaining group of 63, 37 patients were retransfused with 580 +/- 370 mL shed blood up to the twelfth postoperative hour, and 26 patients did not receive autotransfusion due to minimal mediastinal blood loss. The results of our study show that the ischemia-sensitive laboratory parameters were significantly influenced by shed blood autotransfusion: 8 hours postoperatively, creatine kinase (272%), creatine kinase MB fraction (151%), 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (130%), lactate dehydrogenase-1 (133%), troponin-T (200%), myoglobin (159%) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase levels (153%) were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in patients with postoperative autotransfusion, although there were no electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia in this group of patients. Our study shows that postoperative autotransfusion of mediastinal shed blood may interfere with the diagnosis of perioperative myocardial ischemia by laboratory parameters in coronary bypass patients.
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PMID:Shed blood autotransfusion influences ischemia-sensitive laboratory parameters after coronary operations. 817 1

This study evaluated long-term effects of 12 weeks of supervised training, of at least 45 minutes duration with two sessions per week, on physical performance and psychological well-being after myocardial infarction (MI). Sixty-nine patients were randomized to either an exercise or a nonexercise group. Maximum exercise capacity 6 weeks post-MI was inversely related to the acute peak aspartate aminotransferase values in serum, as an index of infarct size. One year post-MI, the increase in level of fitness (10%) in the training group did not significantly exceed (p = .10) that of the controls (2%). No intergroup differences were registered in self-rated psychological well-being and physical scores or in the return to work rate. In the training group, but not in the controls, the change in perceived dyspnoea at leisure-time activities was positively related to the objectively measured peak exercise capacity. We conclude that after MI only marginal improvements in physical performance are achieved 6 months after training is finished, with no long-term psychological benefits apparent versus a usual care program. The adaptive implications of supervised conventional exercise programs post-MI are therefore questioned.
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PMID:Training after myocardial infarction: lack of long-term effects on physical capacity and psychological variables. 818 48

Fifty-two patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hospital haemodialysis were given a single bolus dose of tinzaparin (Innohep, Leo Laboratories, UK) into the arterial side of the dialyser, for up to 43 consecutive dialyses. The mean tinzaparin dose at the beginning was 2,139 IU anti-Xa and at the end 2,186 IU anti-Xa. Overall, tinzaparin proved a satisfactory anticoagulant for 1,370 (96.0%) out of 1,427 dialyses. Significant clot formation was prevented in 1,326 (92.8%) out of 1,429 dialyses. The clinically effective dose was associated with a mean plasma anti-Xa activity 1 h after dosing of 0.4 IU/ml and suppressed fibrinopeptide A formation for up to 4 h. Bleeding, from the skin or mucous membranes, was recorded at 27 (1.9%) of 1,408 dialyses. Prolonged fistula bleeding on completion of dialysis was recorded on only 20 occasions. Other haemorrhagic events included haematemesis, bruising and subconjunctival haemorrhage (each in 1 patient) and epistaxis (2 patients). Three patients died during the study of causes considered unrelated to tinzaparin therapy, myocardial infarction (2 patients) and multiple myeloma. Other adverse events reported included vomiting (3 patients) and hypotension (3 patients). Three patients ceased treatment due to haematemesis, prolonged bleeding from fistula puncture and thrombosis of the arteriovenous access, respectively. A small, but statistically significant, increase within the normal reference range was recorded in the mean values for aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.
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PMID:Long-term use of the low molecular weight heparin tinzaparin in haemodialysis. 911 88

We report here our experience with serum troponin T (TnT), measured with the sandwich immunoassay introduced by Boehringer Mannheim as a marker for myocardial infarction. We assayed TnT in serial serum samples from 30 patients with time courses of serum CK, CK-MB, AST, and LD that we consider typical of acute myocardial infarction (MI). In every patient but one, TnT rose in parallel with both CK-MB and AST, but remained elevated significantly longer. The ratios of the elevations of the different markers varied from patient to patient with marked variation in the ratio of TnT to CK-MB. There appeared to be a significant association between the magnitude of that ratio with the level of ALT.
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PMID:Troponin-T as a serum marker for myocardial infarction. 913 99

There was studied the effect of intravenously administered creatin phosphate (Neoton-drug with cardioprotective effect, Alfa Schiapparelli Wassermann) in the group of 98 patients affected by their first attack of myocardial infarction. In the course of the treatment there were observed the serum level of many biochemical indices, including the cardioselective enzyme activity. We concluded that the patients treated with Neoton, compared with the control group, revealed the significantly higher elevation of the CK, AST and LDH activity levels and the shift of the CK peak activity towards to the earlier hours after the onset of anginal pain.
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PMID:Dynamics of some biochemical indices in myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis and creatine phosphate. 943 3

The aim of this study is to differentiate between transmural perioperative myocardial infarction (T-PMI) and subendocardial perioperative myocardial injury (S-PMI) as a complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Seventy-three patients undergoing CABG were followed post operatively by measuring troponin T, CK-MB isoenzyme mass concentration (CK-MB mass), creatine kinase MB isoenzyme activity (CK-MB activity), creatine kinase (CK), alpha hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) at five sampling times. Lacking a proper definition of the gold standard for the diagnosis of perioperative myocardial infarction, a statistical procedure was used. Supported by the cluster analysis method of Ward, patients were assigned to a patient group with a perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) or a patient group without a PMI (non-PMI) as a confirmation of interpretation of the biochemical results. Using the results of electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography, the PMI patient group was split into a T-PMI patient group and a S-PMI patient group. With discriminant analysis, two canonic discriminant functions were drawn up to differentiate between patients suffering from a T-PMI or S-PMI and non-PMI patients.
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PMID:Differentiation between transmural perioperative myocardial infarction and subendocardial injury after coronary artery bypass grafting using biochemical tests, elaborated by cluster and discriminant analysis. 968 95

The effect of daily intravenous treatment for 3 weeks with a calf blood dialysate presumed to improve disturbed oxidative metabolism was compared with placebo in a randomized double-blind study of 60 subjects with a first acute transmural myocardial infarction. Overall clinical evaluation of initial severity and clinical course suggested a better response of borderline significance in the dialysate-treated group. Blood enzyme elevations were statistically significantly less for that group on day 4 post-infarction for creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) but not for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). ST segment elevations in the 36 lead ECG developing after admission were fewer in the verum treated than in the placebo group. Results by each of three criteria (clinical evaluation, enzyme elevations, and electrocardiographic changes) suggest a more favorable response to treatment with the calf blood dialysate as compared to placebo.
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PMID:A clinical evaluation of the effect of calf blood dialysate on the course of acute myocardial infarction. 1014 88

Perioperative myocardial infarction as well as other major cardiac events induced by myocardial ischemia during and after a more complex or long-lasting operation represents a permanent threat for a successful outcome. High number of cardiac ischemic events especially following major vascular surgery and in elder subjects requires early, sensitive and specific diagnostic markers. This review paper presents conventional as well as novel biochemical methods fulfilling the above mentioned criteria. Until now used estimations of traditional enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase) are either entirely discarded or subsequently lose their importance (i.e. activities of total creatine kinase and its MB-isoenzyme) an instead modern methods that estimate the amounts of specific cardiac proteins--troponins T and I, constituents of myocardial contractile apparatus--released from ischemized heart are used. Patient's monitoring by means of these cardiac markers allows an early, rapid and reliable estimation of perioperative myocardial infarction enabling possible to arrange an immediate effective treatment. Recently the myocardial regulatory protein troponin I is considered the most specific cardiac marker the plasma level of which does not increase in acute damage and chronic diseases of skeletal muscles, nor in chronic renal failure. (Ref. 52.)
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PMID:[Biochemical markers of perioperative myocardial infarct in non-cardiac surgery]. 1057 43


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