Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study of patterns of serum AST, ALT, CPK, LDH, and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activity following bicycle ergometry in 26 male patients 1 to 1.5 months after myocardial infarction demonstrated no increase in AST, ALT and CPK activity, whereas total LDH activity was increased, with a tendency to elevated LDH-1 and LDH-2 fractions, as compared to the baseline, in those cases where exercise was discontinued because of ST depression. Patients with favorable response to bicycle ergometry that continued until the submaximum heart rate for a given age was achieved showed a tendency to elevated LDH-5 that may be a physiological response to exercise. The demonstrated increase in total GP activity, both in patients with exercise-induced ST depression and in those with elevated ST from the leads corresponding to the site of myocardial infarction, may reflect stress-induced reversible ischemia.
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PMID:[Effect of physical loading on serum enzyme activity in post-myocardial infarct patients]. 370 99

The relations between reciprocal ST segment depression in the electrocardiogram and infarct size and 10 year prognosis were studied in 315 patients who survived for at least 28 days after a first anterior or inferior myocardial infarction. ST depression was more common in inferior infarcts (72%) than in anterior (37%) ones. It occurred more frequently in complicated infarcts and in the presence of considerable ST elevation. Patients experiencing second or third degree heart block were significantly more likely to show reciprocal changes. The rise in peak cardiac enzyme concentration was higher in patients showing ST depression. In patients with ST depression, peak creatine kinase concentration was 46% higher, aspartate aminotransferase was 39% higher, and lactate dehydrogenase 29% higher after correction for site and complications. A discriminant function analysis selected infarct site, peak aspartate aminotransferase, and magnitude of ST elevation as predictors of the occurrence of ST depression. Age, severity, and smoking status did not significantly improve discrimination. Despite larger increases in peak enzyme concentrations patients with ST depression had marginally fewer subsequent episodes of unstable angina or fatal or non-fatal infarction and a marginally lower 10 year death rate. Neither difference was statistically significant. ST depression occurring early in the acute phase of myocardial infarction is likely to be a reflection of electrophysiological changes taking place at the site of the infarct that is manifested in the contralateral surface of the heart. Other causes, however, such as transient ischaemia at the site of the reciprocal changes or extension of the infarct to contiguous areas cannot be excluded in all cases.
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PMID:The aetiology and prognostic implications of reciprocal electrocardiographic changes in acute myocardial infarction. 370 82

Activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) isoenzymes were determined in serial serum samples from 40 cases of acute myocardial infarction, and compared with activities of creatine kinase, CK-MB isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase for temporal changes. Cytosolic (soluble) AST (s-AST) and mitochondrial AST (m-AST) respectively increased 6.6 and 9.0 h after onset of chest pain. The median time at which serum m-AST activity peaked (15.8 U/L, range 6.4-53.5 U/L) was 47.8 h after the onset of infarction, 19.8 h later than the peak s-AST activity (171 U/L, range 53-517 U/L) and m-AST also disappeared from the serum more slowly than s-AST (p less than 0.001). Serum m-AST values were above normal for at least six days after the infarct. The ratio of m-AST to total AST in serum increased after myocardial infarction, being greatest (20%, range 11-32%) on the third day after onset. For individuals, peak activities of s-AST correlated well with total CK (r = 0.91) and CK-MB (r = 0.86) peak activities, indicating that s-AST also reflects the infarct size. However, m-AST correlated poorly with the enzymes commonly used in infarct diagnosis; it apparently provides different biological information.
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PMID:Activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. 380 98

A 74-year-old man with myxedema and hypothermia had increased activities in plasma of creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1), and lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) and increased proportions of CK-MB (up to 20% of total CK) and LD1 isoenzymes, but no clinical or investigational evidence of associated myocardial infarction. This case illustrates that plasma enzyme activity and isoenzyme profiles in such clinical settings should be interpreted with caution, because increases in CK-MB and LD1 may relate to myxedema coma or hypothermia (or both) rather than to myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Cardiac enzyme changes in myxedema coma. 382 11

We used an RIA and inhibition of enzyme activity to monitor the changes in mass and catalytic concentrations of the aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1;AST) isoenzymes in serum after myocardial infarction. Cytosolic (c-AST) and mitochondrial (m-AST) forms of AST were present in sera from all 38 of our patients. Although the immunological and catalytic concentrations of both isoenzymes correlated well with the size of the infarct, c-AST gave a better measure than did m-AST. About 20% of the total enzyme activity at peak activity was from the mitochondrial isoenzyme. Both isoenzyme activities peak at very nearly the same time, but m-AST has the longer half-life. Immunological evidence of the mitochondrial isoenzyme can be detected in serum for at least eight days after the infarct. The presence of left ventricular failure produces greater serum isoenzyme activities than in those without failure.
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PMID:Changes in mass and catalytic activity concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in serum after a myocardial infarction. 394 92

A prospective follow-up study was carried out to investigate the impact of a health education program and other factors related to patient's social background and severity of heart attack on stopping smoking after heart attack. The study consisted of male patients below the age of 65 years, who had suffered a heart attack between April 1 and September 30, 1977, living in two provinces of eastern Finland, North Karelia and Kuopio. Of the patients who smoked before the heart attack, 102 responded to both the 6- and the 12-month follow-up postal survey. Of these 102 patients, 25 stopped smoking within 12 months after the heart attack, while 77 continued to smoke. Continuing smoking was most strongly associated with working and unemployment before heart attack, maximum serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) concentration and subjective recovery after the heart attack. The quitting rate among men in the program area was 1.2-fold (p = 0.012) compared with the reference area men, after making allowance for the seven most confounding factors in the multivariate analysis. This observation indicates that either the community-based primary program or the secondary prevention program in North Karelia succeeded in dissuading patients from smoking after heart attack.
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PMID:Impact of a health education program and other factors on stopping smoking after heart attack. 402 64

The induction of myocardial infarction in rats by ligation of the left-anterior coronary artery was confirmed by measurement of increased plasma levels of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase. Using this model system it has been established that intravenous administration of 125I-labelled hyaluronidase to rats resulted in a preferential uptake of the enzyme by damaged myocardium as compared to normal heart tissue.
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PMID:Preferential uptake of intravenously administered hyaluronidase (Hyalosidase) by damaged rat myocardium. 402 52

The mortality rate from myocardial infarction is disproportionately high in diabetic patients. One explanation for this may be that diabetic patients incur more extensive myocardial necrosis. This possibility was examined in a three part study. Firstly, peak serum aspartate aminotransferase concentrations of all diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted with myocardial infarction over a 16 year period were compared retrospectively. Secondly, peak aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in a series of diabetic patients and controls matched by age and sex were examined retrospectively. Thirdly, creatine kinase MB release and electrocardiographic measures of infarct size were investigated prospectively in a case/control study. Although cardiac failure and death were more common in the diabetic groups, there were no significant differences in estimates of infarct size between diabetic and non-diabetic patients in any of the studies. Therefore, the high case fatality rate amongst diabetic patients is not caused by increased myocardial damage. Presumably survival is prejudiced by factors operating before the infarction.
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PMID:Myocardial infarct size and mortality in diabetic patients. 405 87

The levels of creatine kinase, hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, and aspartate transaminase have been serially measured in the serum of patients undergoing surgery. Serum enzyme levels often rose to a range commonly found after myocardial infarction but fell to normal within 5-10 days. Raised serum enzyme levels have no diagnostic significance in a case of postoperative chest pain until after the fifth postoperative day, but may be significant thereafter.
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PMID:Serum enzyme levels in diagnosis of postoperative myocardial infarction. 507 12

One hundred and forty-one randomly selected surgical patients, aged 35 years or over, were studied preoperatively, followed through their operative procedures, and reassessed during the first post-operative week for evidence of myocardial ischaemia associated with surgical operations under general anaesthesia. Of these patients 38% were found to have preoperative clinical evidence of heart disease, hypertension, or diabetes; 45% had abnormal preoperative E.C.G. patterns.Three patients experienced myocardial infarction during or within 36 hours of operation, all of the occult type; all were in the preoperative abnormal groups. Non-specific postoperative E.C.G. changes were equally common in the groups of patients with normal or abnormal preoperative electrocardiograms.A relationship existed between a rise in serum lactic dehydrogenase (L.D.H.) concentration and the field of the operation, but the diagnosis of infarction was not confused provided serum L.D.H. isoenzyme patterns and a rise in serum aspartate aminotransferase (S.G.O.T.) levels were consistent with the diagnosis.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction following surgical operations. 572 23


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