Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma CPK activity and the activity of isoenzymes MDH, AST and LDH were assessed in 60 patients with myocardial infarction of different severity, with reference to the time since the onset of the attack. The peaks of CPK and MDH-C activity were reached sooner than those of LDH-M and AST-C, while the CPK and MDH-C curves were similar. The severity of the disease showed correlation to later onset of enzyme peaks and markedly delayed decrease in the respective values. Increased activity of mitochondrial isoenzymes and blood LDH-M provided additional information on the severity of the disease. Delayed normalization of these activities was associated with a poor diagnosis.
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PMID:[Malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in myocardial infarction]. 323 Jul 77

Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was measured by the methods recommended by the Scandinavian Committee on Enzymes (SCE) and by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) with pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) and without (-PLP) in one laboratory at 37 degrees C with the Abbott ABA-100 and in another at 30 degrees C with the IL Multistat III. Reference ranges were determined on 195 healthy hospital staff. Sera from 102 patients with suspected hepatobiliary disease (HBD) and 104 with suspected myocardial infarction (MI) were assayed at both laboratories by all three methods. Based on the above reference ranges, all assays with each method at both hospitals were abnormal in 59 of 67 cases with HBD and 53 of 55 with MI. In aggregate, all three methods yielded comparable rates of misclassification (20-23). The SCE method gave highest false negatives (18) and lowest false positives (5); the IFCC method gave lowest false negatives (1) and highest false positives (20); intermediate values of 8 false positives and 12 false negatives were given by the IFCC (-PLP) method. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the SCE method was clearly superior at 30 degrees C, and the IFCC (-PLP) method was marginally superior at 37 degrees C. However, when the decision threshold corresponded with a 2.5% false positive rate in the non-HBD, non-MI patients, the SCE method gave the lowest false negatives at both temperatures and, on the basis of the present data, must be considered to be the method of choice for AST activity determinations.
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PMID:The diagnostic accuracy of three recommended methods for serum aspartate aminotransferase assays in patients suspected of myocardial infarction and hepatobiliary diseases. 323 44

Myocardial activities of several enzymes were measured in infarcted and non-infarcted areas of heart sections obtained from eight patients who died after acute myocardial infarction. Similar data were obtained from four patients with cardiovascular disorders who died from causes other than myocardial infarction and from six patients without previously known heart disease. It was found that both non-infarcted and infarcted tissue samples contained considerably altered enzyme activities. This finding explains the low correlations between enzymatic and histological estimates of infarct size previously reported. However, when the residual myocardial activities of different enzymes were compared with each other, a close correlation was found between creatine kinase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase. It appears that the pathological changes in the myocardial activities of these enzymes may be explained by the phenomenon of diluted myocardium. This indicates that myocardial injury, as estimated from plasma enzyme activities, may still be expressed meaningfully in gram equivalents of healthy myocardium.
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PMID:Myocardial enzyme depletion in infarcted human hearts: infarct size and equivalent tissue mass. 324 32

A total of 141 patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of suspected myocardial infarction were randomized to treatment with intravenous diamorphine (71) or nalbuphine (70). Myocardial infarction was subsequently confirmed in 109 patients. Both drugs provided good analgesia. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peak flow and minute volume were measured over a three-hour study period. Except for a slight fall in systolic blood pressure in the nalbuphine-treated group, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. The nalbuphine-treated group had higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase but not creatine phosphokinase. The haemodynamic outcome and mortality at three months of the two groups were similar. It is concluded that nalbuphine provides effective analgesia coupled with few adverse circulatory or respiratory effects.
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PMID:Experience with nalbuphine, a new opioid analgesic, in acute myocardial infarction. 330 98

In 727 patients with acute myocardial infarction, different enzyme variables reflecting infarct size were related to the 5-year mortality rate. The maximum activity of serum heat-stable lactate dehydrogenase (LD), analyzed every 12 hours for 48 to 108 hours, was significantly associated with the 5-year mortality rate when patients with a first myocardial infarction were evaluated (p less than 0.001), and similarly (p less than 0.001) when patients with a previous myocardial infarction were included in the analyses. Very similar results were found when the maximum activity of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) analyzed once daily for 3 days was related to the mortality rate over 5 years, whereas the maximum activity of creatine kinase (CK) and CK subunit B analyzed every 6 hours for 48 hours in a subset of patients did not predict the outcome to the same extent. The results from LD and ASAT analyses clearly indicated that the association between infarct size and 5-year mortality rate was caused by the much higher mortality rate in patients with larger infarcts during the first year after onset of infarction, whereas after the first year, incidence of death appeared to be independent of the original infarct size. Thus we conclude that although a highly significant relationship between infarct size and overall 5-year survival was found, the mortality rate seemed to be higher in patients with larger infarcts, particularly during the first year after infarction.
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PMID:Five-year mortality rate in relation to enzyme-estimated infarct size in acute myocardial infarction. 331 May 63

Discriminant analysis of chemistry and hematology laboratory test results was used to classify patients with and without myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit. We studied 64 patients with myocardial infarction and 70 patients without infarction, using logistic regression, linear and quadratic discriminant analyses on untransformed and logarithmically transformed data. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1), the best single discriminating test, classified 73% of patients correctly. Quadratic discriminant analysis on log-transformed data had a 98.5% classification accuracy when all variables were used in the discriminant function and had the highest classification accuracy and precision. All of the discriminant methods had acceptable cross-validation.
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PMID:Discriminant analysis of laboratory tests in patients admitted to a coronary care unit. 337 26

We compare the clinical features and hospital outcomes in 83 diabetic patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction and 380 nondiabetic patients with levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) low enough to exclude undiagnosed diabetes. The hospital mortality was 42.2% in diabetic and 24.7% in nondiabetic patients, an odds ratio of 2.22 (CI 1.37-3.60, P less than .002). The excess mortality was due to cardiogenic shock and left ventricular failure (pump failure). There was no difference in peak levels of aspartate transaminase between the groups. Among the diabetic patients, the admission levels of plasma glucose and peak levels of aspartate transaminase were higher among those who developed pump failure or died, but there was no relationship between outcome and gender, disease duration, or treatment. Prior blood glucose control, as judged by levels of HbA1c, was not related to hospital outcome (P greater than .5). In a further study, the 83 diabetic patients were compared with 249 age- and sex-matched diabetic subjects without myocardial infarction for treatment, disease duration, and control. There was an increased risk of admission with myocardial infarction of 2.35 (CI 1.41-3.92, P less than .005) within the first 5 yr of diagnosis of diabetes. Infarct patients had significantly lower levels of HbA1c than control subjects (P less than .005), but treatment did not differ between groups. Neither incidence nor case fatality of myocardial infarction in diabetic patients is positively associated with cumulative glycemic exposure.
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PMID:Determinants of hospital admission and case fatality in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction. 340 92

The prognostic importance of somatic and psychosocial variables after a first myocardial infarction was studied in 201 consecutive Gothenburg, Sweden men below 61 years of age who had survived a first myocardial infarction between December 1976 and December 1978. The maximum follow-up time was 100 months. The prognostic importance of somatic, social, and psychological variables was related to the endpoints of death, nonfatal reinfarction, and total events. During follow-up, 48 deaths and 37 nonfatal recurrences occurred. Four variables, none of them significantly correlated with each other, were related to risk of an endpoint. Being single increased risk of death (p less than 0.01) and risk of all events (p less than 0.001), whereas an index reflecting infarct size was correlated to risk of death (p less than 0.001). A prognostic index based upon data available at three months after the myocardial infarction (angina pectoris, hypertension, serum aspartate aminotransferase (S-ASAT) maximum, and smoking) was correlated to risk of nonfatal reinfarction (p less than 0.05). Use of sedatives was also related to risk of reinfarction (p less than 0.05) and to risk of total event (p less than 0.05). The probability of death, reinfarction, and total event was estimated within two and five years after the infarction for all combinations of the variables that were related to risk of an endpoint. It was thus demonstrated that the predictive power increased over time and that the somatic and psychosocial variables independently added information.
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PMID:Prognostic importance of somatic and psychosocial variables after a first myocardial infarction. 342 Dec 44

Two specific and sensitive immunoassay methods for the determination of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (m-AST) are described. One is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay which measures immunologically active m-AST using polystyrene balls coated with anti-m-AST antibody and peroxidase-labelled anti-m-AST antibody as the second antibody. The detection limit of this assay was 10 micrograms/l. The other is a paper disk method which measures catalytically active enzyme bound to anti m-AST antibody-conjugate paper disks. The calibration curve was linear up to 250 U/l. These assay methods were used to monitor the level of m-AST in serum. From measurements obtained by both methods, the correlation between the concentration of m-AST protein and its activity was poor (liver diseases, r = 0.539; myocardial infarction, r = 0.774) confirming that an inactive form of m-AST exists in serum, and that the specific activity of serum m-AST differs in individual diseases.
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PMID:Determination of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in serum. 351 1

Fifty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction were evaluated repeatedly, with 28 of those treated with piracetam, and 26 used as controls. Piracetam produced a considerable favorable effect on the clinical course of myocardial infarction, as reflected in a more rapid clinical improvement of acute circulatory insufficiency and an analgetic effect. The drug reduced heart rate and moderately elevated systolic arterial blood pressure. Positive changes in total CPK, LDH, AST and ALT activities, and in ECG from 12 and 35 leads were quicker to come.
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PMID:[Therapeutic use of piracetam in myocardial infarct patients]. 357 22


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