Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.4.2.30 (PARP)
 13,611 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K. Microinjection of rho GDI into Swiss 3T3 cells made the cells round and refractile. This morphological change was accompanied by the disappearance of stress fibers. The rho GDI action was prevented by comicroinjection of rho GDI with the guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S)-bound form of rhoA p21, but not with the GTP gamma S-bound form of rhoA p21 lacking the C-terminal three amino acids, which was not post-translationally modified with lipids. The GTP gamma S-bound form of rac1 p21, the same form of G25K, the same form of smg p21B, or Ki-rasval12 p21 was ineffective. Microinjection of the bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 specific for rho p21 into Swiss 3T3 cells induced the similar changes of morphology and stress fibers. This C3 action was not prevented by comicroinjection of C3 with the GTP gamma S-bound form of rhoA p21, but was prevented by comicroinjection with the same form of a rhoA p21 mutant which was not ADP-ribosylated by C3. These results indicate that the rho GDI-rho p21 system regulates cell morphology presumably through the actomyosin system in Swiss 3T3 cells.
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PMID:Regulation of morphology by rho p21 and its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein (rho GDI) in Swiss 3T3 cells. 841 55

Specific receptors for brain-gut peptide hormones, cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin, are expressed in a variety of human tumor cells. CCK and gastrin promote the growth of NIH3T3 cells into which the CCK-B/gastrin receptor had been introduced via a eukaryotic expression vector. In this study, we have examined the effect of CCK-8 on the actin cytoskeleton by using two mouse fibroblast cell lines expressing human CCK-B/gastrin receptors. Treatment with very low concentration of CCK-8 (10(-10) M) induced the formation of actin stress fibers within one minute. Stress fiber formation increased for 30 min. In contrast, a potent mitogen for fibroblasts, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), initially induced membrane ruffling and, later, a weak formation of stress fibers. Microinjection of rho GDP dissociation inhibitor or Clostridium botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 which is known to impair the function of a small GTP-binding protein, rho p21, inhibited the stress fiber formation by CCK-8 as well as by PDGF. These results indicate that CCK-B/gastrin receptor could regulate stress fiber formation in a rho p21-dependent manner. The signals from CCK-B/gastrin receptor might affect cell growth as well as cell motility or adhesion by regulating the actin cytoskeleton.
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PMID:Cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptors mediate rapid formation of actin stress fibers. 864 38

Hwaeumjeon is a classical prescription that has been traditionally used for treatment of urogenital diseases with no scientific evidences until now. Thus, the present study was performed to evaluate antitumor mechanism of ethanolic Hwaeumjeon (EHEJ). 2-Dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) proteomic analysis, cell culture study, and Western blotting on apoptosis and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) related proteins were carried out in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Eight spots with significant increased or decreased expression revealed by 2-DE based comparative proteomic analysis were identified as an increased protein ENC-1AS, four decreased proteins such as RAB34, SFRS1, heat shock 27, and proteasome activator, and three novel proteins such as Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha, cytoplasmic antiproteinase, and EIF3EIP protein in EHEJ-treated LNCaP cells. In addition, EHEJ selectively inhibited the growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells compared to normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Furthermore, EHEJ inhibited PSA and androgen receptor (AR) expression in androgen sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells at nontoxic concentrations. Also, EHEJ increased sub-G1 apoptotic portion, activated caspase-9 and -3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and increased the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2. Interestingly, EHEJ also attenuated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) expression and suppressed the phosphorylation of survival gene AKT, ERK, and HSP27 in LNCaP cells. Consistently, PI3K and ERK inhibitors potentiated EHEJ-induced cytotoxicity and overexpression of Bcl-2 attenuated EHEJ-mediated apoptosis in LNCaP cells. These findings suggest that EHEJ induces mitochondrial dependent apoptosis partly via PI3K/AKT/HSP27/ERK pathways and inhibits PSA and AR in LNCaP cells as a prostate cancer chemopreventive candidate.
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PMID:Ethanolic Hwaeumjeon induces mitochondrial dependent apoptosis partly via PI3K/AKT/HSP27/ERK pathways and inhibits PSA and AR in LNCaP cells. 2178 85