Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.3.3.1 (citrate synthase)
 4,488 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of thyroxine (T(4)) on citrate synthase (CS), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6-PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), DNA, RNA, and protein of various tissues were studied to elucidate the hormonal control of metabolism in a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. T(4) did not produce any significant effect on DNA content of the fish. The CS, RNA, and protein contents of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle of the fish exposed to thiourea for 28 days decreased approximately 50-58% as compared to their levels in control individuals. Injection of T(4) to thiourea-exposed fish produced about three-fold increases in CS, RNA, and protein. These macromolecular inductions by T(4) were blocked by actinomycin D or cycloheximide. This suggests T(4)-induced de novo synthesis of macromolecules and stimulation of aerobic capacity. However, the activities of G6-PDH and LDH of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle of the fish exposed to thiourea increased two times that of the activities in control individuals. Administration of T(4) to thiourea-exposed fish reduced LDH and G6-PDH activities by about 64-74%, which reflects T(4)-dependent inhibition in anaerobic power and selective anabolic activities of the HMP pathway. These differential effects of T(4) on some metabolic enzymes and other important macromolecules may be to meet the other T(4)-induced responses in the freshwater catfish.
 ...
PMID:Differential effects of thyroxine on metabolic enzymes and other macromolecules in a freshwater teleost. 1265 17

Based on the effects of different ammonium sulfate concentrations on meilingmycin biosynthesis, the results show that lower concentration of ammonium ions stimulates the biosynthesis of meilingmycin, while the concentration of higher than 5mmol/L inhibits the mycelial growth and the biosynthesis of the products. However, the sugar consumption rate increases with the elevating concentration of ammonium sulfate. On this basis, six enzymes, which are greatly related to the meilingmycin biosynthesis and the glucose metabolism, were measured and analyzed during the meilingmycin fermentation process. The results suggest that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthase are stimulated by higher concentration of ammonium ions, while valine dehydrogenase and methylmalonyl-CoA carboxyltransferase are inhibited. From the results it follows that ammonium ions favors primary metabolism, that is, the HMP passway and the TCA circle is enhanced, as well as the source of the precursors for the biosynthesis of meilingmycin is restricted, which bring about the lower production of meilingmycin.
 ...
PMID:[Regulatory effects of ammonium ions on the biosynthesis of meilingmycin]. 1598 36