Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:2.3.3.1 (
citrate synthase
)
4,488
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Physical rehabilitation with endurance exercise for patients with Parkinson's disease has not been well established, although some clinical and laboratory reports suggest that exercise may produce a neuroprotective effect and restore dopaminergic and motor functions. In this study, we used a chronic mouse model of Parkinsonism, which was induced by injecting male C57BL/6 mice with 10 doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (25 mg/kg) and probenecid (250 mg/kg) over 5 weeks. This chronic parkinsonian model displays a severe and persistent loss of nigrostriatal neurons, resulting in robust dopamine depletion and locomotor impairment in mice. Following the induction of Parkinsonism, these mice were able to sustain an exercise training program on a motorized rodent treadmill at a speed of 18 m/min, 0 degrees of inclination, 40 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. At the end of exercise training, we examined and compared their cardiorespiratory capacity, behavior, and neurochemical changes with that of the probenecid-treated control and sedentary parkinsonian mice. The resting heart rate after 4 weeks of exercise in the chronic parkinsonian mice was significantly lower than the rate before exercise, whereas the resting heart rate at the beginning and 4 weeks afterward in the control or sedentary parkinsonian mice was unchanged. Exercised parkinsonian mice also recovered from elevated electrocardiogram R-wave amplitude that was detected in the parkinsonian mice without exercise for 4 weeks. The values of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and body heat generation in the exercised parkinsonian mice before and during the
Bruce
maximal exercise challenge test were all significantly lower than that of their sedentary counterparts. Furthermore, the exercised parkinsonian mice demonstrated a greater mass in the left ventricle of the heart and an increased level of
citrate synthase
activity in the skeletal muscles. The amphetamine-induced, dopamine release-dependent locomotor activity was markedly inhibited in the sedentary parkinsonian mice and was also inhibited in the exercised parkinsonian mice. Finally, neuronal recovery from the loss of nigrostriatal tyrosine hydroxylase expression and dopamine levels in the severe parkinsonian mice after exercise was not evident. Taken all together, these data suggest that 4 weeks of treadmill exercise promoted physical endurance, resulting in cardiorespiratory and metabolic adaptations in the chronic parkinsonian mice with severe neurodegeneration without demonstrating a restorative potential for the nigrostriatal dopaminergic function.
...
PMID:Endurance exercise promotes cardiorespiratory rehabilitation without neurorestoration in the chronic mouse model of parkinsonism with severe neurodegeneration. 1786 32
The occurrence of
Mediterranean fever
with periods of increase and decrease has been recorded in the Crimean peninsula. The city of Sevastopol and its vicinity are known endemic areas for this disease. Some of the most active agents in the spread of this rickettsiosis are feral and abandoned dogs. The aim of this study was to test ticks parasitizing dogs in Sevastopol for the presence of
Rickettsia
using molecular methods. The testing of ticks was carried out using real-time PCR and the 'Real Best DNA Rickettsia species' kit (AO 'Vector-Best') followed by sequence identification of the rickettsial DNA detected. The DNA marker for
Rickettsia
species (a conservative area of
citrate synthase
gene,
glt
A) was detected in 16 of 84 (19.1%) samples of
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
ticks tested. Larger fragments of
glt
A,
omp
A and
sca
4 were amplified and sequenced for 10 of 16 PCR-positive samples.
Rickettsia
DNA amplified from eight of the samples matched the sequence of
Rickettsia conorii conorii
Malish, the causative agent of
Mediterranean fever
. The sequences of
Rickettsia
DNA from two other ticks had the closest match to homologous fragments of
Rickettsia massiliae
, a pathogenic spotted fever rickettsia that was identified in the Crimean Peninsula for the first time as part of this study. The detection of two pathogenic species of
Rickettsia
in the studied ticks suggests the potential for two rickettsial diseases in the region and warrants further epidemiological and clinical studies.
...
PMID:The role of
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
ticks parasitizing dogs in the spread of tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in the city of Sevastopol. 3257 90
