Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.3.1.28 (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase)
 5,100 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Expression from the promoter of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (ICP10) is stimulated by co-transfection with DNA that encodes the virion protein Vmw65 previously shown to activate in trans the transcription of all IE genes (Wymer et al., 1989). Specific cis response elements involved in ICP10 transcriptional regulation were studied by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase analysis with hybrid ICP10 promoter/CAT structural gene constructions containing wild type or site-directed mutations of the promoter sequences. The data indicate that Vmw65 activation requires an intact TAAT-GARAT motif while complex formation requires an intact Oct-1 element, and the AP-1 consensus elements in the ICP10 promoter are functional in vitro. Thus, expression from the wild type and GA-rich mutant constructions was enhanced 10-20-fold by co-transfection with DNA encoding Vmw65. The GARAT and POU homeobox (PHB) binding motifs were required for Vmw65 mediated activation but the mutant in the POU specific box (PSB) binding motif was activated at higher concentrations of Vmw65 DNA (1.0-3.0 micrograms). The PHB and PSB binding motifs were necessary for complex formation as determined by gel retardation analysis with in vitro synthesized OTF-1 and Vmw65 proteins. The GARAT and GA-rich elements were not required. CAT expression from pICP10-cat was enhanced by co-transfection with jun and fos encoding DNA, and the ICP10 promoter complexed with in vitro synthesized jun protein.
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PMID:Immediate early and functional AP-1 cis-response elements are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (ICP10). 132 Jul 96

We have isolated a genomic clone containing the mouse neu gene. The 5' end of the mouse neu gene was localized by Southern analysis, subcloned and characterized. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the promoter region is 67% G+C-rich and lacks a TATA box, although a CAAT box is present. By sequence comparison, we identified several consensus recognition sequences for general transcription factors such as Sp1, E4TF1, AP2, OTF-1 and GCF, as well as recognition sequences for RVF, E1A and GTG, which have recently been identified in the rat neu promoter. Functional promoter activity was demonstrated by the ability of the promoter to drive transcription of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. Using a series of 5'-end deletion mutants, we have identified multiple positive and negative cis-acting elements that regulate mouse neu gene transcription.
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PMID:Cloning and characterization of the mouse neu promoter. 134 55

Nitrogen mustard (HN2) and quinacrine mustard (QM) both inhibited the binding of NF kappa B to the GC-rich consensus sequence in the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR), as assessed by gel-shift assays. QM also inhibited the binding of OTF-1 to the AT-rich octamer present in the H2B promoter whereas HN2 was inactive. Inhibition of the binding of transcription factors was due to the drug interaction with DNA, since it also occurred when transcription factors were added to DNA after removal of free drug. In Jurkat cells transfected with pI3CAT, where the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene is under the control of the HIV LTR, both HN2 and QM inhibited CAT gene expression. However, in Jurkat cells transfected with plasmid -147, where the CAT gene is under the control of the H2B promoter, QM inhibited CAT expression but HN2 did not. These results were obtained at concentrations of HN2 or QM that inhibited total DNA and RNA synthesis to a similar extent. The present results suggest that the more selective pharmacological activity of HN2 (HN2 is an active antineoplastic agent whereas QM is inactive and very toxic) might be related to its preferential functional inhibition of GC-rich consensus sequence, possibly important in the regulation of genes involved in the malignant proliferation and behavior of some tumors.
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PMID:Differential inhibition of the DNA binding of transcription factors NF kappa B and OTF-1 by nitrogen mustard and quinacrine mustard: transcriptional implications. 840 25