Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.3.1.28 (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase)
 5,100 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Previous studies have suggested that MM creatine kinase is a muscle-specific protein and is not present in adult brain tissue. We have isolated a protein from human brain with an apparent molecular weight of 43,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which is identical to the muscle M creatine kinase isoenzyme subunit at all 30 sequenced amino acid residues and possesses creatine kinase enzymatic activity following nondenaturing agarose-gel electrophoresis. Immunohistochemistry localizes M creatine kinase to discrete areas of adult human brain. Northern blot analysis of both total and poly(A)-selected RNA isolated from brain did not detect M creatine kinase mRNA. However, polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA synthesized from human placenta, heart, and brain mRNA detected M creatine kinase message in both heart and brain but not placenta which contains no detectable M creatine kinase protein. N1E115 and NS20Y, mouse neuroblastoma cell lines which have been used as models of neural cell differentiation, were found also to express MM creatine kinase. Moreover, a transiently transfected reporter gene with 4,800 base pairs of M creatine kinase upstream region fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase was expressed during differentiation of these neural cell lines. In summary, MM creatine kinase is present in human brain and we suggest the M creatine kinase upstream region is sufficient to modulate M creatine kinase expression in certain neuronal cells and may be regulated independently from other muscle genes.
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PMID:Muscle creatine kinase isoenzyme expression in adult human brain. 169 Jul 25

Troponin I (TnI) is a muscle-specific protein involved in the calcium-mediated contraction of striated muscle. Three TnI isoforms have been identified, each encoded by a separate gene and expressed in specific striated muscles in the adult. The slow isoform gene (TnIs) is transcriptionally regulated during skeletal muscle development such that its expression in the adult is restricted to muscle fibers innervated by a slow nerve. To delineate regions of this gene that are responsive to information imparted by the slow nerve, we generated transgenic mice carrying -4,200 to +12 bp of the human TnIs gene linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding region. By Northern blot analysis, we detected transgene transcripts only in muscles containing slow-twitch fibers. CAT histochemical analysis revealed that expression of the transgene is restricted solely to slow-twitch fibers as characterized by type I myosin heavy-chain (MyHC) expression. Using regeneration as a model for neural influenced expression, we show that this gene construct also contains sequences necessary to respond to cues from the central nervous system.
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PMID:The human troponin I slow promoter directs slow fiber-specific expression in transgenic mice. 762 19