Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.21 (CPT)
 4,580 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies provide ample evidence for a dysfunction in dopaminergic neurotransmission in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In that respect, a common variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) has been repeatedly associated with the disorder. Here, we examined the influence of the common 9- and 10-repeat alleles of SLC6A3 on prefrontal brain functioning and cognitive response control in a large sample of adult ADHD patients (n=161) and healthy controls (n=109). To this end, we inspected a neurophysiological marker of cognitive response control (NoGo anteriorization, NGA) elicited by means of a Go-NoGo task (continuous performance test, CPT). Within the group of ADHD patients, nine-repeat allele carriers showed significantly reduced NGA, whereas no influence of SLC6A3 genotype was observed in the control group. In contrast to previous association studies of children, the nine-repeat-not the 10-repeat-allele was associated with functional impairments in our sample of adult ADHD patients. Our findings confirm a significant effect of the SLC6A3 genotype on the neurophysiological correlates of cognitive response control in ADHD, and indicate that still to-be-identified age-related factors are important variables modulating the effect of genetic factors on endophenotypes.
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PMID:Dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genotype impacts neurophysiological correlates of cognitive response control in an adult sample of patients with ADHD. 2063 85

Studies examining the biological and neuropsychological processes underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that error indices from the A-X Continuous Performance Test (A-X CPT) might represent useful endophenotypes for ADHD. The current study extended such findings by evaluating the utility of these putative endophenotypes in the context of a molecular genetic study. One hundred and forty-eight clinic-referred ADHD probands and 56 siblings were recruited as part of an ongoing study. Between- and within-family tests of association were conducted to test for relations between polymorphisms in two candidate genes, the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) and the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), and indices of inattention and impulsivity derived from the A-X CPT. Association analyses of these polymorphisms with the A-X CPT indices suggested a double dissociation such that an index of inattention was associated with DRD4 but not DAT1, and an index of impulsivity was associated with DAT1 but not DRD4. Further analyses suggested that an A-X CPT index of impulsivity partially mediated previously observed associations between hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms and DAT1. Additionally, an A-X CPT index of inattention moderated the relation between inattentive ADHD symptoms and DRD4 such that children with high levels of the endophenotype showed a stronger association between inattentive symptoms and DRD4. The potential utility of endophenotypes derived from the A-X CPT in molecular genetic studies of ADHD is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Double dissociation between lab measures of inattention and impulsivity and the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) and dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4). 2256 79