Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.21 (CPT)
 4,580 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The theory of steady-state flux control was applied to characterize the regulation of beta-oxidation flux in uncoupled rat liver mitochondria oxidizing palmitoylcarnitine in the presence of rotenone, malonate and the beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate redox buffer. By titrations with inhibitors such as antimycin, myxothiazol, azide and 4-pentenoic acid, the flux control coefficients of the b-c1 complex, cytochrome c oxidase and thiolase, were determined experimentally. The flux control coefficients of carnitine palmitoyltransferase II, ETF:CoQ oxidoreductase and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase were determined from elasticity coefficients obtained by measuring the flux dependencies of acyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA+CoASH concentrations, the electron transfer flavoprotein redox state, the CoQ redox state and the NAD redox state. It was found that at low flux rates the flux control was distributed mainly between acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (Ci = 0.89). At maximum flux rates, carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (Ci = 0.35) and thiolase (Ci = 0.13) contribute additionally to the flux control. Thus, the phenomena of regulation of mitochondrial beta-oxidation can be described as multistep control.
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PMID:Application of the theory of steady-state flux control to mitochondrial beta-oxidation. 166 35

This review discusses inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation for which sites and mechanisms of inhibition are reasonably well understood. Included in this review are hypoglycin, an inhibitor of butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.2), 4-pentenoic acid, 2-bromooctanoic acid, and 4-bromocrotonic acid all of which inhibit mitochondrial thiolases (EC 2.3.1.9 and 2.3.1.16) as well as several inhibitors of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (EC 2.3.1.21) as for example 2-tetradecylglycidic acid, 2-bromopalmitic acid and aminocarnitine. Most of these inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation have been shown to cause hypoglycemia in animals and some also cause hypoketonemia. The advantages and limitations of using these inhibitors in metabolic studies are discussed.
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PMID:Inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation. 355 Mar 47