Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.3.1.184 (LasR)
 897 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The amygdala displays neuronal cell loss and gliosis in human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Therefore, we investigated a certain type of gliosis, called satellitosis, in the lateral amygdala (LA) of TLE patients with Ammon's horn sclerosis (AHS, n = 15) and non-AHS (n = 12), and in autopsy controls. Satellite cells were quantified using light and electron microscopy at the somata of Nissl-stained and glutamic acid decarboxylase-negative projection neurons, and their functional properties were studied using electrophysiology. Non-AHS cases suffered from ganglioglioma, cortical dysplasia, Sturge-Weber syndrome, astrocytoma WHO III-IV, Rasmussen's encephalitis, cerebral infarction and perinatal brain damage. TLE cases with AHS had a more prominent satellitosis as compared to non-AHS and/or autopsy cases, which correlated with epilepsy duration but not age. At ultrastructural level, the predominant type of satellite cells occurring in both AHS and non-AHS cases displayed a dark cytoplasm and an irregularly shaped dark nucleus, whereas perineuronal glial cells with a light cytoplasm and light oval nucleus were much rarer. Satellite cells expressed time- and voltage-dependent transmembrane currents as revealed by patch-clamp recordings typical for 'complex' glia, although only 44% of satellite cells were immunostained for the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan NG2. Together, the perineuronal cells described here were a heterogenous cell population regarding their NG2 expression, although they resembled NG2 cells rather than bona fide oligodendrocytes and astrocytes based on their ultrastructural and electrophysiological characteristics. Thus, perineuronal satellitosis as studied in the LA seems to be a hallmark of AHS-associated TLE pathology in patients suffering from intractable epilepsy.
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PMID:Ultrastructural and functional characterization of satellitosis in the human lateral amygdala associated with Ammon's horn sclerosis. 1924 79

The role of DCs (dendritic cells) as potent mediators of inflammation has not been sufficiently investigated in stroke. Therefore, in the present study, circulating mDCPs (myeloid DC precursors), pDCPs (plasmacytoid DCPs) and tDCPs (total DCPs) were analysed by flow cytometry in (i) healthy controls (n=29), (ii) patients with ACI-S (asymptomatic cerebral infarction stenosis; n=46), (iii) patients with TIA (transient ischaemic attack; n=39), (iv) patients with AIS (acute ischaemic stroke; n=73), and (v) patients with AHS (acute haemorrhagic stroke; n=31). The NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) and infarction size on a CT (computer tomography) scan were evaluated after stroke. In a patient subgroup, post-mortem immunohistochemical brain analyses were performed to detect mDCs (CD209), pDCs (CD123), T-cells (CD3) and HLA-DR. In AIS and AHS, the numbers of circulating mDCPs (P<0.005), pDCPs (P<0.005) and tDCPs (P<0.001) were significantly reduced. A significant inverse correlation was found between the NIHSS and circulating DCPs (P<0.02), as well as between hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and circulating DCPs (P<0.001). Patients with large stroke sizes on a CT scan had significantly lower numbers of mDCPs (P=0.007), pDCPs (P=0.05) and tDCPs (P=0.01) than those with smaller stroke sizes. Follow-up analysis showed a significant recovery of circulating DCPs in the first few days after stroke. In the infarcted brain, a dense infiltration of mDCs co-localized with T-cells, single pDCs and high HLA-DR expression were observed. In conclusion, acute stroke leads to a decrease in circulating DCPs. Potentially, circulating DCPs are recruited from the blood into the infarcted brain and probably trigger cerebral immune reactions there.
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PMID:Transient decrease in circulating dendritic cell precursors after acute stroke: potential recruitment into the brain. 1950 33