Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.177 (BIS)
 957 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Unsaturated spiro-orthocarbonates are monomers that expand on polymerization and will co-polymerize with conventional BIS-GMA based resins. This combination has good physical properties and bonding to enamel with some polymerization expansion evident at 50 C. Dispersion of the carbonate in microcrystalline form in liquid monomer appears to be a method to allow its reaction in the initial polymerization.
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PMID:Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening. 37 38

Intraocular neovascularization is a complication in a variety of eye diseases, and is a leading cause of visual loss. The purpose of this study was to design and synthesize three novel codrugs of the antiangiostatic steroid, 3alpha, 17alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one (trihydroxy steroid, THS) with the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorouracil (5FU) which incorporates either one or two molecules of 5FU attached through carbonate ester linkages at positions O(3), and/or O(21) of the THS molecule. Furthermore, a kinetic study of the O(3alpha)-, O(21)-di-(N(1)-methyloxycarbonyl-2, 4-dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidinyL) 17alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one (THS-BIS-5FU) codrug was carried out. The overall goal of this codrug strategy was to improve sustained drug delivery of both compounds by overcoming their individual solubility problems, and to thus enhance their bioavailability. The codrug was found to be optimal with superior angiostatic activity using the CAM assay compared to the activity of the parent compounds alone. In the hydrolysis studies 5FU was released at a faster rate than THS with an unknown intermediate observed by HPLC, a rationale and proposed structure and mechanism of the unknown THS derivative is provided.
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PMID:Evaluation of O(3alpha)-, O(21)-di-(N(1)-methyloxycarbonyl-2, 4-dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidinyl) 17alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one as a novel potential antiangiogenic codrug. 1633 49

Water samples were collected from wells (9 Nos.), springs (11 Nos.) and rivers/streams (6 Nos.) during pre and post monsoon seasons in the months of June and October 1999, respectively. Various physico-chemical parameters and trace elements (viz., Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr and Pb) were analysed to evaluate drinking water quality on the basis of BIS and irrigation water quality on the basis of salinity, sodicity, residual sodium carbonate, and concentration of toxic elements. The study showed alkaline nature of surface and ground water. Calcium and magnesium are dominating cations and bicarbonate is major anion in the study area. At some locations the concentration of TDS, Mg, Ca, total hardness, Fe, Mn and Cr exceeded the limits set up for drinking purposes. Water quality evaluation for irrigation purposes on the basis of SAR values indicates excellent category of water.
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PMID:Water quality aspects of some wells, springs and rivers in parts of the Udhampur District (J & K). 1666 31

Directly compressed sustained release pellets were prepared from material consisting of a molecule of 3alpha, 17alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one (trihydroxy steroid, THS) covalently linked via carbonate moieties to two molecules of 5-flourouracil (5FU) to form a novel THS-BIS-5FU codrug for the treatment of angiogenesis. Dissolution and drug release was tested in vitro in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), human serum, and vitreous humor. The results suggest that neat THS-BIS-5FU codrug pellets are useful for sustained release ocular delivery of the parent compounds, and that the unique physicochemical properties of the codrug allow slow dissolution and rapid release of the two parent drugs. This codrug formulation is regarded as a "chemical delivery" system that involves dissolution of the codrug as the rate-limiting step followed by rapid hydrolysis of the carbonate ester linkages to release the parent drugs via sustained delivery.
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PMID:A novel chemical delivery system comprising an ocular sustained release formulation of a 3alpha, 17alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one-BIS-5-fluorouracil [correction of flourouracil] codrug. 1761 31

The objective was to investigate the quality of drinking water of Jaipur city during pre-monsoon session (April 2006 to June 2006). Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, CO3(2-), HCO3(-), Cl(-), SO4(2-), NO3(-), F(-) and TH were analyzed by adopting the standard method of APHA. To assess the quality of ground water, each parameter was compared with the standard desirable limit of that parameter stipulated for drinking water as prescribed by BIS. A correlation analysis was conducted to determine the correlation coefficient (r) among the parameters. The highest correlation was found between EC and chloride (r = 0.986, p = < .0001). EC showed highly significant positive correlation with chloride, Mg++, Na+, TDS and TH while significant inverse correlations were found in four cases, i.e. between pH and bicarbonate, between carbonate and bicarbonate, between pH and TDS and between sulphate and pH, while potassium, nitrate and fluoride did not show any significant correlations with any other parameters studied.
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PMID:Hydrochemical investigations and correlation--analysis of ground water quality of Jaipur city, Rajasthan (India). 1847 49

The present study describes geochemical facie and implications of rock-water interaction at the groundwater of Chamba city. The influence of rock dominance at the groundwater may be due to its flow and longtime rock-water interaction, whereas atmospheric precipitation dominance owing to high recharge and continuous outflow of groundwater that cause a short time interaction. The comparison among Ca2+ + Mg2+ versus Na+ + K+ and total cations indicated carbonate weathering as a main ionic source relative to silicate weathering, due to rich lithology and higher dissolution capacity of carbonate minerals. The chloro-alkaline indices (CAI-1 and CAI-2) and scatter plot of (Ca2+ + Mg2+) - (HCO3- + SO42-) versus (Na+ + K+) - Cl- (meq/L) inferred the presence of ion exchange process causing adsorption of Ca2+ and release of Na+. The Ca2+ - Mg2+ - Cl-, Na+ - HCO3-, and Ca2+ - Mg2+ - HCO3- types of groundwater suggested permanent and temporary hardness in the region. The Ca2+ and Na+ are observed as the dominant cations whereas HCO3- and SO42- as the dominant anions. The parameters like NH4+, NO3-, F-, and Br- are generated from different natural sources. The groundwater is found to be suitable for drinking purposes based on water quality index (14.24-61.13) and the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS 2012) prescribed limit. The influence of carbonate minerals dissolution over TDS and salinity at groundwater of the city is also observed. The rock-water interaction confirmed mixing pattern of carbonate, silicate, and evaporites in the groundwater of the Chamba city.
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PMID:Groundwater geochemical facie: implications of rock-water interaction at the Chamba city (HP), northwest Himalaya, India. 3210 32