Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cell damage within the sinusoidal lining of human liver grafts during transplantation is an early event that is critical in ischemia-reperfusion injury and probably plays a key role in primary liver dysfunction after transplantation. No simple biochemical marker for sinusoidal injury is currently available. Because creatine kinase activity has been described in heart endothelial cells, we hypothesized that release of this enzyme might serve as an index of sinusoidal injury. To test this hypothesis, we used several in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Occlusion of the rat hepatic pedicle in situ for 60 min (normothermic ischemia) induced a significant increase in serum creatine kinase levels relative to those in laparotomized controls (2,530 +/- 530 vs. 389 +/- 64 IU/L, mean +/- SEM; p < 0.005). In the isolated perfused rat liver, 60-min ischemia induced early (< or = 3 min) creatine kinase and AST release (0.87 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.08 +/- 0.01 IU/min/gm liver, respectively). A similar phenomenon was observed after 24-hr or 48-hr hypothermic conservation in University of Wisconsin solution. Electrophoretic analysis and immunoinhibition studies showed that creatine kinase activity comprised creatine kinase-BB (approximately 50%) and mitochondrial creatine kinase. Trypan blue infusion showed a loss of viability in sinusoidal cells, whereas hepatocytes were relatively spared. Finally, murine sinusoidal cells were isolated, cultured and then lysed by a freeze-thaw cycle and sonication. Creatine kinase activity was found in endothelial cells (creatine kinase-BB), Kupffer cells (creatine kinase-BB) and Ito cells (creatine kinase-MM). Creatine kinase-BB was not found in hepatocytes, but mitochondrial creatine kinase was detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Creatine kinase-BB: a marker of liver sinusoidal damage in ischemia-reperfusion. 827 65

Endothelial damage within the sinusoids of the liver probably plays a key role in primary liver dysfunction following transplantation. The aim of this work was to study the serum levels of two potential markers of endothelial damage, creatine kinase-BB and soluble thrombomodulin, during human graft revascularization. Thirteen human liver grafts were preserved in UW solution (mean time: 13.8 h). Creatine kinase-BB and transaminase activities and soluble thrombomodulin levels were measured: 1) in effluent and 2) in serum samples sequentially collected before revascularization, then during the first 120 min of revascularization and first post-operative week. No correlation was observed between serum values (peak) and effluent values. In serum, pre-operative creatine kinase-BB activities were correlated with soluble thrombomodulin levels (p = 0.01). Both increased significantly during the first minutes of the revascularization, then decreased markedly. In contrast, AST activity was maximal at day 1. This detectable and early release of creatine kinase-BB and soluble thrombomodulin in blood is in keeping with the early occurence of endothelial damage. Together with previous data, these findings suggest that serum determination of these two markers may be a useful tool in the assessment of endothelial injury in liver transplantation.
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PMID:Serum levels of endothelial injury markers creatine kinase-BB and soluble thrombomodulin during human liver transplantation. 887 93

In recent decades, because considerable progress has been made due to rapid developments in basic theory and techniques in molecular biology and immunology, the determination of trace enzyme proteins is not difficult. We measured the serum concentration of Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) mitochondria aspartate aminotransferase (m-AST) and cholinesterase (ChE) immunologically and compared these findings with those of an assay of enzyme activity. Purification of enzyme protein and preparation of serum antibodies monoclonal antibodies established the immunological assay methods. Equipment and reagents for enzyme activity test use 7150 Biochemical Analyzer. CK-NAC AST and ChE were produced by trace kits (Australia). CK-MB and m-AST use immunological inhibition method. CK-MB m-AST ChE of protein determination used immunological turbidimetry. The normal group included 150 cases and the 1990 patient group. Results of the two methods did not significantly differ for normal controls, but were significantly different in the patient group. These results demonstrated that the two methods differ, although each may have specific clinical significance. How to evaluate these differences needs to be studied further, but immunological assay uses higher values for clinical diagnosis than enzyme activity assay.
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PMID:[Determination enzyme protein of CK-MB m-AST and ChE by immunological methods and survey of its applying values]. 972 41

Efficacy and tolerability of atorvastatin (20 mg/day) were assessed in a 3 month study on 19 patients (5 men, 14 women, mean age 52.3 years) with familial hypercholesterolemia. Average baseline levels of total cholesterol (CH) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) CH were 10.7 and 8.6 mmol/l, respectively. By the end of 3 months levels of CH, LDL CH, triglycerides and atherogeneity index decreased by 32, 41, 16 and 45%, respectively. This was accompanied by 21% increase of high density lipoprotein CH level. There were no cases of AST or ALT activity elevation above 3 upper limits of normal values. However 1 patient had asymptomatic elevation of ALT activity up to 53 U/l which did not cause interruption of therapy. Creatine kinase remained normal throughout the study period. Three patients (16%) stopped taking atorvastatin because of side effects. Thus in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia the dose of atorvastatin 20 mg/day was sufficiently well tolerated and provided effective control of lipid levels.
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PMID:[Atorvastatin in the treatment of patients with hereditary hypercholesterolemia]. 1459 81