Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied the activity of acid phosphatase (AP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartic and alanine-aminotranspherases (AST and ALT) in the serum of rats with intact and removed adrenal glands after a severe multifocal trauma induced according to Noble-Collip (300 rpt of the drum with the rotation speed of 37 rpt/min). Adrenalectomy showed practically no influence on the dynamics of the LDH and AP activity. An increase in the activity of the AST and especially of the ALT in the serum of adrenalectomized rats after the trauma was considerably less than in the animals with the intact adrenal glands.
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PMID:[The role of the adrenals in the development of hyperenzymemia in experimental multiple injuries]. 121 54

Sera from 209 dialysis patients were tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by a 2nd generation enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA 2) using nonstructural and core antigens. Confirmation of reactivity was obtained by a 2nd generation immunoblot assay (RIBA 2) for antibodies to 4 separate antigens (5-1-1, c100-3, c33c, c22-3). ELISA 2 was positive in 99 sera, 95 of which were confirmed by RIBA 2, thus accounting for an anti-HCV prevalence of 45.5%. Anti-HCV positivity was correlated to longer duration of dialysis therapy (p less than 0.001), higher number of transfusions (p less than 0.001), history of kidney transplant (p less than 0.001) and of serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (AST/ALT; p less than 0.001) or gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (p less than 0.001) increments. The most frequent RIBA 2 patterns were: reactivity to all 4 antigens (34 patients) and to c33c and c22-3 (45 patients). The former patients, compared to the latter, had higher values of AST (p less than 0.08), ALT (p less than 0.02), GGT (p less than 0.005), IgG (p less than 0.05). It is possible that the reactivity to all 4 antigens of RIBA 2 is a clue of a greater activity of viral hepatic disease.
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PMID:Confirmation of high prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies in hemodialysis patients by second generation immunoblot assay. 132 87

It has been established in experiments on white rats that antituberculous drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol) given in toxic doses affect the liver, its membranes and organelles, inhibit bile production and bioenergy. This is supported by activation of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase in blood serum and acid phosphatase in the liver, by a decrease of the activity of Na(+)-, K(+)-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochromoxidase in the liver, lowering of the rate of bile secretion, excretion of bile acids, bilirubin and cholesterol with bile. Provided the drugs are administered in combination, the hepatotoxicity rises, particularly in combination of isoniazid with rifampicin, and especially as isoniazid is combined with rifampicin and ethambutol.
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PMID:[The comparative action of isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol on liver function]. 142 54

1. Intact trophozoites of Giardia duodenalis (clone P1C10) took up and metabolised L-[U14C-] aspartate to 14CO2 at rates of 10.27 +/- 0.76 and 27.6 +/- 2.07 ng hr-1 10(-6) cells in a simple maintenance medium (MM) and in a complex bile supplemented (BIS-33) medium respectively. 2. Intact trophozoite of G. duodenalis (clone P1C10) also took up and metabolised L-[U14C-] alanine to 14CO2 at rates of 20.6 +/- 1.1 and 91.4 +/- 17.5 ng hr-1 10(-6) cells in the simple (MM) and complex (BIS-33) medium respectively. 3. trophozoite sonicates contained significant levels of aspartate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine-2-oxoglutarate transaminase (ALT; EC 2.6.2.2.). Specific activities (at 23 degrees C) were 95.1 +/- 11.3 and 87.3 +/- 9.8 nmol (min)-1 (mg protein)-1 respectively. 4. These observations suggest that Giardia has the capacity to utilise aspartate and alanine and possibly other amino acids as alternative sources of energy. 5. The extrusion or uptake of alanine by Giardia trophozoites may be dictated by the intracellular redox-status of the protozoan parasite or components in the external mileu.
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PMID:The uptake and conversion of L-[U14C-] aspartate and L-[U14C-] alanine to 14CO2 by intact trophozoites of Giardia duodenalis. 161 34

The influence of Z-4,4-bis(4-ethylphenyl)-2,3-dibromo-2-butenoic acid, the compound originally synthetized as a cytostatic edikron and showing inhibitory effect on several pyridoxal enzymes, on absorption and circular dichroism spectra of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT, AST) in the region of coenzyme absorption characteristics was studied. In the case of AST, the compound decreased absorption and CD maxima at 360 nm, which represents the active form of the enzyme, but it did not seem to prevent formation of the pyridoxamine form of the enzyme, produced in the presence of L-aspartate. Edikron caused insignificant spectral changes of ALT, but it partially denatured the enzyme. Circular dichroism measurement of both enzymes uncovered some effects of edikron at 250-300 nm, which suggests conformational changes in the aromatic amino acids of the apoenzymes due to the compound studied.
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PMID:Interaction of Z-4,4-bis(4-ethylphenyl)-2,3-dibromo-2-butenoic acid with aminotransferases: changes in absorption and circular dichroism spectra. 182 79

The influence of repeated s.c. administration of the cytostatic 5-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]-7-oxo-7H-benzo(c)fluorene hydrochloride (benflurone, 25 mg/kg body weight daily) on the activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT) per g of tissue, and protein concentration in the liver of adult male rats was studied. During the first week of benflurone administration, the activities of ALT and AST decreased by 2/3 and 1/3, respectively, in comparison with controls while the protein concentration did not show any substantial change. No in vitro influence of benflurone on AST and ALT was found even at the highest concentration tested (10(-4) M). The significance of the aminotransferase decrease after treatment with benflurone and possible participation of these changes in the side- or cytostatic effects of the compound are considered.
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PMID:Influence of 5-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]-7-oxo-7H-benzo(C)fluorene hydrochloride (benflurone) on the activity of rat liver aspartate and alanine aminotransferases. 182 83

Two hundred eighty-one alcoholic patients were prospectively evaluated by clinical, biochemical, and histologic parameters during a 4-yr period to assess their prognosis. They were stratified into four categories of injury: 1) fatty liver (26 patients), 2) acute alcoholic hepatitis (106), 3) cirrhosis (39), and 4) cirrhosis with superimposed alcoholic hepatitis (111). The rate of survival and variables correlating with survival varied according to the group. At 48 months, 70% of the patients with fatty liver were alive, 58% in the alcoholic hepatitis group, 49% in cirrhosis, and 35% in alcoholic hepatitis superimposed upon cirrhosis. Within group one, deaths were due to causes unrelated to liver disease. In the alcoholic hepatitis group, factors significantly correlating with survival were ascites, alanine amino-transferase levels, grams of alcohol consumed, continuation of alcohol intake, and clinical severity of disease. Survival in patients of group three correlated significantly with prothrombin time and histologic severity score. Patients with combined cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis exhibited the worst prognosis, with the most significant predictors of survival being age, grams of alcohol consumed, the ratio of serum aminotransferases (AST:ALT) and the histologic and clinical severity of the disease. Although a different pattern of correlates was observed for each pathologic level of injury, knowledge of the various correlates aids in prognostic assessment.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in alcoholic liver disease. VA Cooperative Study Group. 199 35

Sera of 260 patients with high serum aspartate aminotransferase (L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1; AST)/alanine aminotransferase (L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.2; ALT) ratio (greater than 2.0) and high serum AST (greater than 45 IU/1) were selected and tested for the presence of immunoglobulin complexed-AST, by using immunoprecipitation reaction and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The macromolecular AST was confirmed by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 34 patients out of 260 were found to have AST-immunoglobulin complexes (13.1%). The classes of AST-linked immunoglobulins were identified to be alpha in 28 cases (82.4%, P less than 0.01), mixed type of alpha and gamma in 5 cases (14.7%) gamma in one case (2.9%). Positive frequency was the highest in liver malignancies, either primary (9/26, 34.6%) or metastatic (7/17, 42.2%), followed by other malignancies (6/55, 10.9%) and chronic liver diseases (4/22, 18.2%). Thus, it can be strongly suggested that the immunoglobulin A complexed-AST is frequently found in association with liver malignancies.
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PMID:Incidence and properties of aspartate aminotransferase-immunoglobulin complexes in patients with a high serum aspartate to alanine aminotransferase ratio. 220 38

Twenty apparently healthy, young male volunteers, aged 18-25 (mean 19.3, SD 1.4) years received a 6 months standardized, graded outdoor physical training and were screened for serum magnesium concentration (S-Mg), serum calcium concentration (S-Ca), serum aspartate amino transferase (S-AST), serum alanine amino transferase (S-ALT), serum creatine kinase activity (S-CK), other laboratory variables, weight, and VO2 ml.kg-1.min-1 [corrected] (VO2 max), before a 70 km march, as well as at 1, 24 and 72 h and 18 days after. Maximal aerobic power, body weight, haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum creatinine, total protein and albumin remained unchanged throughout. Immediately after the march, S-Mg did not change, S-AST, S-ALT and S-CK rose, but the rise was not statistically significant, while small but significant rises in S-Ca (P less than 0.05, Student's t-test) and serum cholesterol (P less than 0.01) normalized at 24 h. At 72 h after the march, a significant fall in S-Mg was found (P less than 0.01), together with a second significant rise in S-Ca (P less than 0.05). After 18 days, with no intervening marches or dietary changes, S-Mg remained significantly lowered (P less than 0.05), mean S-ALT and S-CK became significantly raised for the first time (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.01 respectively), whereas S-Ca normalized. Concomitantly, for the first time there was now a significant rise in blood sugar (P less than 0.001), serum triglycerides (P less than 0.01), and a second rise of serum cholesterol (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Delayed metabolic changes after strenuous exertion in trained young men. 264 Sep 4

Aspartate and alanine aminotransferases are two of the enzymes most frequently measured by the clinical laboratory. They are most commonly used in the differential diagnosis of various liver diseases where the ratio of the two enzymes provides additional clinical insight. AST is also useful in many cases for diagnosis, or estimating severity, of myocardial infarction. The mitochondrial isoenzyme of AST has a growing significance in the diagnosis of alcoholism and other conditions.
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PMID:Aminotransferases in disease. 268 8


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