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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of feedstuffs treated with ionizing radiation on the nutrition of dogs was tested in four groups of animals. Two groups were administered for 90 days a ration, the main part of which (VETACAN meat feed mixture and VETAVIT loose feed mixture) was irradiated with radioisotope Co 60 of the intensity of 25 kGy/kg, in other two groups of dogs the nonirradiated ration was used for the same time period. The control groups of dogs were put together for these two diets. The laboratory examination of irradiated feedstuffs confirmed their complete microbiological and mycological intactness. However, the irradiation brought about a significant 35% degradation of essential amino acids with an increase of ammonia nitrogen, destructive changes in the lipid component of feedstuffs and a partial decomposition of the saccharide part of the VETAVIT feed mixture, expressed by the acidity of water extract. The sensory evaluation of irradiated feedstuffs did not show any perceptible alterations. The haematological examination of the blood of animals, which had been administered irradiated feed rations, demonstrated a significant negative influence on the blood picture. The biochemical examination of the blood serum and plasma revealed that total proteins of experimental dogs dropped and the creatinine level was also significantly decreased. Neither was the level of carbohydrate nutrition nor the energy saturation affected by irradiation. The glucose levels in the blood serum of dogs fluctuated within the range of physiological reference values. The growth of free ammoniacal bases of feedstuffs, evoked by ionizing radiation, conditioned obviously the level of actual pH of blood in dogs as determined in this study. The destruction of lipoid fraction in the feedstuffs induced a decrease in the activity of lipophile retinol and thus the biological value of feeds was impaired. The biochemical examination of ALT, AST and ALP enzyme activity did not show any increased activity of parenchyma, in particular of liver cell. A decisive role of the biological quality of feed ration for utilization of some minerals was demonstrated by a significant decrease of the magnesium level in animals administered irradiated feed rations without any biological supplementation. On the contrary, the potassium, calcium and phosphorus levels did not reflect this dietary difference between the groups.
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PMID:[The effect of feeds treated with ionizing irradiation on biochemical indicators of the nutritional value of energy nutrients]. 393 33

In a set of 11 young heifers-crossbreds in the period of milk nutrition the influence of the temperature of milk nutrition the influence of the temperature of milk drink was studied as exerted on haematological data (haemoglobin and haematocrit), on the values of nitrogen metabolism (total protein and urea), on the components of energy (glucose and cholesterol) and on alkaline blood reserve. In these values we did not record any statistically significant differences between the groups. The subnormal values were demonstrated for cholesterol which we regard as a response to the lower content of fat in milk replacers. Furthermore, the activity of ALT and AST enzymes was examined. A significantly lower ALT and AST activity was recorded in calves administered cold Lactosan. It indicates a possibility of feeding milk replacers at the temperature of stable environment. The heifer calves were to get used to cold drinks by means of Rehyvet, the pH-value of the drink being 4.6.
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PMID:[The effect of the temperature of a milk drink on physiological indicators in the blood of calves]. 393 34

A polymethylmethacrylate total artificial heart (kinetic components made of polyetherurethane) of TNS Brno II type was implanted into seven calves (2-5 months of age) surviving for the average of 152.4 +/- 19.1 days after the implantation. During the entire post-operative period the animals received oral warfarin-sodium, acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole and alpha-tocopherol. Blood was taken for biochemical and hematological examinations twice a week from the jugular vein. During the experiments there were decreases in the number of red blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. Plasma free hemoglobin and serum enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, LDH) increased. Coagulation tests were abnormal because anticoagulation therapy was used. There were minimal changes in the number of white blood cells and platelets, fibrinogen, blood pH, blood glucose, serum electrolytes, bilirubin (total and direct), creatinine, blood urea, and lactate. Possible reasons for observed changes include the gradual rise in the central venous pressure and damaged function of the liver parenchyma. Other factors playing a possible role in inducing changes in laboratory findings are also discussed.
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PMID:Hematological and biochemical studies in calves living over 100 days with the polymethylmethacrylate total artificial heart TNS Brno II. 395 54

The triathlon has come to be recognized as a distinct endurance event and although a substantial body of research information exists with regard to the individual components (canoeing, cycling, running, etc.), the physiologic demands imposed by combining the respective activities into one continuous event have not yet been assessed. Twenty-three male athletes (age = 33 +/- 5.2 yr; mass = 71.79 +/- 7.42 kg; height = 176.0 +/- 7.21 cm; means +/- SD) participated in the study on the basis of informed consent. Venous blood samples, taken immediately prior to and on completion of the Iron Man Triathlon held in Johannesburg during 1983, were assayed for parameters of energy metabolism, fluid and electrolyte balance, and stress (tissue enzymes in serum). On the basis of post-race blood glucose (6.17 mmol. l-1), free fatty acids (1943 mumol. l-1), and blood lactate (3.45 mmol. l-1) changes, it was concluded that the triathlon is primarily, in an overall sense, an aerobic event. With the exception of magnesium and iron, serum electrolyte changes agreed with literature findings. However, body mass reductions (average 3.23 kg, i.e., 4.5%) indicated that the extent of dehydration is more severe in the triathlon than in comparable endurance events. Post-race enzyme levels (LD, CK, and AST) were significantly elevated, and LD negatively correlated with total performance time (P less than 0.01). The general conclusion is that the physiologic demand of the triathlon exceeds that of other comparable endurance events.
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PMID:Physiologic and biochemical changes during a triathlon competition. 395 16

Activities of alpha-hydroxybutyrate- and lactate dehydrogenases (HBDH, LDH), aspartate- and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase as well as content of total proteins, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and Ca2+ were estimated sprectrophotometrically in blood serum of rat males within 2 hrs after thermic burns of the III degree involving 15% the body surface. The burns caused about 2-fold increase in activities of LDH, HBDH and AST and in content of triglycerides in blood serum but did not affect the other biochemical patterns. Adrenalectomy, carried out within 3 days before the burns, accelerated and pseudoadrenalectomy decreased the early postburn enzymatic activation. Preadministration of reserpine, phentolamine and obsidane (propranolol) decreased distinctly the hyperenzymic reaction observed after the burn stress.
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PMID:[Effect of adrenalectomy and anti-adrenergic preparations on the development of hyperenzymic and biochemical changes in the blood in burns]. 620 53

For 70 days two groups of 10-week gilts were given feed supplemented with PCB commercial mixture of Czechoslovak make (Delor 105), at the doses of 10 and 50 mg. .kg-1 of feed. Over the experimental period, animals were administered 1000 mg or 5000 mg of PCB mixture. During the experimental period the levels of glucose, cholesterol, urea, total protein, vitamin A, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and the activities of AF, ALT and AST enzymes were determined twice. At the end of this experiment the aniline hydroxylase activity in microsomal fractions of liver was determined and pronounced induction effect of PCB on the enzymatic system was observed. Out of the studied metabolic parameters of blood plasma, the decrease in vitamin A level was significant.
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PMID:[The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) on liver aniline hydroxylase activity and on certain metabolic parameters in the blood of pigs]. 642 Sep 73

Twenty mares were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: no altrenogest; altrenogest at 0.044 mg/kg BW; altrenogest at 0.132 mg/kg BW; or altrenogest at 0.220 mg/kg BW. Treatment was administered daily for 86 days. No signs of illness attributable to feeding altrenogest were observed during the trial. Treatment had no effect (P greater than .05) on the following parameters: WBC, differential WBC, platelet number, creatinine, LDH, CPK, total bilirubin, cholesterol, globulin, BSP, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. When comparing values over time with pretreatment means or among treatment groups, there were differences (P less than .05) in RBC, PCV, Hb, ALT, PT, PTT, P, Na, TP, BUN, Cl and glucose. However, these changes remained within established normal ranges and also occurred in mares in the control group. There was no treatment by time interaction for any of these parameters. Treatment differences (P less than .05) were observed for K, Ca, alkaline phosphatase and AST during the course of the trial. However, only occasional values of these parameters were outside the established ranges. They were only slightly elevated and tended to be either sporadic or also occurred in control mares. Few of the observed changes could be attributed to the feeding of altrenogest.
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PMID:The effect of altrenogest, an oral progestin, on hematologic and biochemical parameters in mares. 668 30

Twenty-six parameters of clinical biochemical properties were determined in 72 clinically healthy German Shepherd dogs. The standard values were determined for total protein, protein spectrum, albuminoglobulin quotient, enzymic activities for AST, ALT, LD, LD-1, and ALP, for sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and chlorides, complete prameters of the acid-base balance of the blood, and the values of glucose, urea, lactic acid, and creatinin. For determining these standards, dogs were selected at the age of 6.5 months to 7 years. All the statistically processed results are obtained from a number of animals which would secure 95% reliability and accuracy of the results, which would allow for sufficient generalization. Differences concerning the influence of age were not demonstrated in any of the determined biochemical values. The results are regarded as representative standards which can be used for clinical and laboratory diagnostics and prognostics in veterinary cynology and for clinical physiology of the German Shepherd dog breed.
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PMID:[Selected biochemical values of clinically healthy dogs]. 677 70

The Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT), a double-blind, randomized clinical trial being conducted by 12 Lipid Research Clinics in North America, was initiated in 1973 to test whether long-term reduction of plasma total cholesterol in individuals with Type II hyperlipoproteinemia would reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. The trial is scheduled to conclude in 1983. Here we document that a major requirement of the CPPT--the comparability of the control and experimental groups prior to cholesterol-lowering treatment--has been achieved. The 3810 men participating in the CPPT were allocated to either treatment group at each clinic on the basis of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, S-T segment response to graded exercise testing, and the logistic risk function of age, smoking and diastolic blood pressure. Randomization was performed separately within each of the 96 cells thereby defined. An extensive battery of tests and questionnaires also yielded other laboratory measurements, data on health habits and family history, and sociodemographic information. Mean plasma total cholesterol levels were 291.8 mg/dl for the placebo group, and 291.5 mg/dl for the cholestyramine group. The other lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were very similar in the two treatment groups. Among the 83 variables examined, only five differed significantly (P less than 0.05)--height, weight, albumin, 2-hr-post-challenge glucose, and serum aspartate amino-transferase (AST, SGOT)--and these differences were deemed to be so small as to have little or no clinical importance. Inasmuch as chance alone could produce four statistically different variables, we concluded that it seemed highly likely that the observed differences were attributable to random fluctuation. Thus, we have determined that the randomization process has resulted in two very nearly identical groups.
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PMID:Pre-entry characteristics of participants in the Lipid Research Clinics' Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. 686 70

Though normoglycaemia is thought to indicate adequacy of cellular glucose content, ketoacidosis occurs in viral infections even in the presence of normo- and hyperglycaemia. These wide variations in glucose concentrations may reflect the patients' adaptive abilities in situations where glucose transport is impaired by viruses. Hypoglycaemia would suggest poor adaptation and hyperglycaemia good adaptation. Increased free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations and enzyme activity are probable adaptive mechanisms. If so, they should decrease with hyperglycaemia-producing infusions. Profiles of glucose, FFA, enzymes, and fever over 19 days in 24 children with viral infections are reported. On admission 87.5% were normo- or hyperglycaemic with increased FFA, AST, LDH, and fever (P less than 0.005) when compared with values 19 days later. With infusions that produced hyperglycaemia, there was clinical recovery with a decrease in FFA and enzyme activity. The hyperglycaemia observed in 56.5% therefore points to glucose homeostatic mechanisms being geared to maintain the intracellular milieu. Hence normoglycaemia does not always indicate cellular glucose adequacy.
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PMID:Role of glucose homeostatic mechanisms in viral infections. 688 97


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