Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CT/MRI findings, laboratory examinations and prognoses of 42 patients with acute encephalopathy (AE) (Japan Coma Scale > or = 200) were reported. 1. Findings on CT/MRI were divided into the following 7 categories: Group 1 (normal), Group 2 (CT/MRI looked normal in acute phase, but brain atrophy developed and progressed slowly by weeks or months), Group 3 (CT/MRI looked normal within a few days after the onset of AE, but cortical laminar necrosis developed at 4-5 days after the onset), Group 4 (marked brain edema developed within 2 days after the onset of AE), Group 5 (AE with symmetric thalamic lesions), Group 6 (symmetric pallidum, lesions on MRI which appeared after brain edema disappeared), and Group 7 (the brain shrinked during acute phase, which normalized on the follow up CT/MRI). 2. Serum AST elevated in approximately 50% of the patients with AE. Sixty percent of them exhibited DIC, whose prognoses were poor. Cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) neopterin (NP) and/or interleukin (IL)-6 were elevated in all the 8 patients examined. In the two cases whose serum NP and IL-6 were measured at the same time, their values in the CSF were higher than those in the serum in one case, and almost the same in the other. In a patient with a condition mimicking hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy, serum IL-6 concentration was very high (94,000 pg/ml). 3. Mild hypothermia (around 34 degrees C) combined with methylprednisolone pulse therapy was excellently effective on AE. A 6-year-old boy exhibited tonsillar herniation at admission recovered well to be able to run. 4. Differentiation between Reye syndrome and HSE, and the pathogenesis of AE were also discussed.
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PMID:[Infection-related acute encephalopathy: CT scan/MRI finding, laboratory examination and prognosis]. 1072 91

An 11-year-old boy was diagnosed as having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, L1) in 1987 and underwent treatment with an ALL high-risk protocol (prednisolone, vincristine (VCR), daunorubicin, 1-asparaginase), which resulted in complete remission. In 1990 he developed chronic hepatitis C and received interferon therapy. In December 1994, ALL recurred, and the patient was treated with VCR. He subsequently developed severe hemolysis (Hb 12.5 g/dl-->6.8 g/dl) with increases of indirect bilirubin, AST, and LDH. Furthermore, symptoms resembling a syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) and DIC developed. Upon incubation of the patient's red blood cells with VCR in vitro, extreme deformity of the cells was observed. These findings suggested that splenomegaly, due to liver cirrhosis which had developed rapidly from chronic hepatitis C while the patient was in an immunosuppressed state induced by anticancer drugs, had trapped the deformed red blood cells and resulted in severe hemolysis. The patient died on the 165th day after admission due to liver failure.
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PMID:[Severe hemolysis and SIADH-like symptoms induced by vincristine in an ALL patient with liver cirrhosis]. 1119 45

Children with acute encephalopathy (AEP) or acute encephalitis(AE) show variable findings in the clinical manifestations and on the neuroimaging. Patients with AE present variable symptoms: disturbance of consciousness, seizure, ataxia, dystonia, abnormal behavior, apnea, and others. This variability depends on the location of lesions including basal ganglia, brain stem, cerebellum, or cerebral gray/white matter. In AEP, MRI findings can be categorized into (1) severe brain edema, (2) acute necrotizing encephalopathy, (3) cortical necrosis that appears 4-5 days after the onset, and (4) others. Serum AST elevates in approximately 50% of AEP patients, and among them around 60% develops DIC. The high AST group includes Reye syndrome(RS), mimic RS and AEP with shock syndrome.
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PMID:[Clinical variability in viral infection related acute encephalitis or encephalopathy]. 2140 Aug 54

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most fatal hematological malignancies. APL during pregnancy is a rare comorbidity and can lead to adverse outcomes, such as maternal and/or fetal death, without timely and appropriate management. Medical management for APL during pregnancy remains challenging. We reported 2 patients with no regular prenatal visits who were diagnosed with APL during pregnancy. One presented with typical hematological abnormalities related to infection, while the other presented with intracranial hemorrhage, which is rare. Although supportive measures and chemotherapy were administered after APL was diagnosed, these two patients had completely different outcomes. The pregnancy outcomes of APL patients depend greatly on the timely diagnosis and appropriate management of the disease. Physicians should pay more attention to APL during pregnancy and thus may save more maternal and fetal lives. Further study of the management of APL during pregnancy is warranted. Abbreviations: AML: acute myeloid leukemia; APL: acute promyelocytic leukemia; WBC: white blood cell; RBC: red blood cell; Hb: hemoglobin; PT: prothrombin time; TT: thrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; TP: total protein; ALB: albumin; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid; ICH: intracranial hemorrhage; DIC: disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:New onset acute promyelocytic Leukemia during pregnancy: report of 2 cases. 3045 10