Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen serum markers (including 9 enzyme activities) for eventual tissue damage were studied after ESWL in 40 patients with unilateral kidney calculosis. No changes were established in the 8 non-enzymic parameters and the activities of amylase, lipase, AST (GOT), ALT (GPT) and CK-MB. A statistically significant increase was found in LDH, alpha-HBDH, CK (twice) and glutamate dehydrogenase (3 times). The slight elevation of LDH and alpha-HBDH could be due to haemolysis caused by the shock waves. Increased activity of CK suggested myolysis and that of GlDH a hepatocellular damage.
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PMID:Acute changes of serum markers for tissue damage after ESWL of kidney stones. 188 66

Clinically healthy silver foxes obtained from a closed colony were investigated for the purpose of establishing base-line data for this species. The anthropometry (body weight; body length; length and width of the head; width, depth, and circumference of the chest; length of the tail), anatomical measurements (weight; longitudinal and transverse length; thickness of the main organs) and serum biochemical assays (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, CK, lipase, GGT, T-Cho, beta-Lipo, TG, Phos-Lip, Tp, T-Bil, UA, BUN, Crea, Glu, Ca, IP, Mg, Fe, Na, K, Cl, LDH and CK isoenzymes) were carried out. The data were presented as mean values with standard deviations, and compared with those of the dog. The coefficient of variation (CV) for each of the anthropometric parameters was low, except for that of female body weight for which the CV was 17%. The body size of the male was larger than the female, and the weights of the main organs, corresponding to body size, were greater than the female. The results were equivalent to those for a Beagle dog aged between 3 and 5 months. Significant differences between the sexes were detected in the following parameters: concentrations of BUN, beta-Lipo and T-Bil (p less than 0.01); concentration of Mg and Glu (p less than 0.05); activity of LDH and lipase (p less than 0.05). The biochemical data ware uniform with some exceptions. These were AST (142 IU/l) and ALP (122 IU/l) in a 5-year-old male fox, Glu (over 200 mg/dl) in four 2-year-old female foxes, CK (629 IU/l) in a 2-year-old female fox, and finally CK (366 IU/l) and lipase (428 IU/l) in an 8-year-old female fox, all of which were elevated. These data were similar to the reference values for the dog previously reported. The reference values presented in this report for the silver fox will be valuable as a guide for clinical diagnosis and research.
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PMID:Reference data on the anatomy and serum biochemistry of the silver fox. 195 49

Acute (LD50) and short-term (14 days) toxicological examinations were performed in animal experiments on the interaction of a synthetic pyrethroid Decis 2,5 EC (25 g deltamethrin/l) and of ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate/Dithane M-45 (80% mancozeb), using a 1:5 deltamethrin/mancozeb mixture. LD50 value of the mixture was similar to that of the more toxic Decis. In the short-term examination, some pathologically high AST and ALT values were observed in the treated groups and the deltamethrin content of fatty tissue samples increased parallel with the increase of Decis consumption. The chymotrypsin and lipase activities in the small intestinal mucosa and gamma-GT and LAP activities in the content of the bowels were reduced in several treated groups. The administration of Dithane in a dose in accordance with 20% of the LD50 value (3125 mg/kg b.m.) proved to be more toxic than expected and caused the death of the animals.
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PMID:Examination of the interaction of decis and dithane in rats. 290 11

Early and appropriate treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP) depends on early causal diagnosis. Published studies have shown favourable results following sphincterotomy performed within the 72 hours of onset of severe gallstone-associated AP. Among the various bio-clinical indices, the lipase/amylase (L/A) ratio, computed within 72 hours after onset, has been shown to discriminate between alcoholic and non alcoholic AP. Our study evaluates the data of biochemical disorders in 51 patients presenting with an episode of AP; these patients were divided into 3 groups: A: alcoholic AP, n = 15; B: biliary AP, n = 25; and C: post-ERCP AP, n = 11. These 3 groups were similar with respect to clinical severity of AP and CT scan. The time delays between onset of the symptoms and the biochemical assay were 1.9 +/- 0.3, 1.9 +/- 0.2 and 0.6 +/- 0.3 d (P < 0.01). AST, ALT, bilirubin, GGT and alkaline phosphatase were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in group B. Blamey's score was 0.5 +/- 0.2, 2.8 +/- 0.2 and 2.5 +/- 0.4 in groups A, B and C respectively. Serum amylase, serum lipase and L/A ratio were identical in groups A and B. The decrease in serum amylase after 48 hours was more important only in group B (56 +/- 8, 80 +/- 4, 47 +/- 3% respectively in groups A, B and C). L/A ratio was significantly greater in group C when compared with group A and B (1.7 +/- 0.4, 1.5 +/- 0.2 and 2.2 +/- 0.3 in groups A, B and C respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Is the identification of acute biliary and alcoholic pancreatitis by early pancreatic enzyme assay possible?]. 751 3

Determination of serum pancreatic enzymes remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Clinical symptoms and signs are of major importance in suspecting the disease, but they are not accurate enough to confirm the diagnosis. Among pancreatic enzymes, total amylase, pancreatic isoamylase and lipase are preferred, since simple, rapid and unexpensive enzymatic methods are commercially available. More expensive and cumbersome methods (e. g. ELISA for pancreatic elastase) are required if a significant delay to hospital admission occurs. In that case, other serum enzymes are usually normal or only lightly increased. To early define the etiology of acute pancreatic serum pancreatic enzymes lack of value. With this purpose, determination of AST, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase may allow to distinguish between biliary and non-biliary origin of the disease.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. 754 60

Early distinction between acute alcoholic pancreatitis is important, because of possible emergency endoscopic sphincterotomy in case of biliary pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of L/A ratio in the diagnosis of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. From 1990 to end 1993, 133 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: 1) abdominal pain, 2) pathological serum amylase or serum lipase on admission or within 24 hours after beginning or abdominal pain, 3) acute pancreatitis at the echography or CT scan within 48 hours after admission. 60 patients met the inclusion criteria (31 alcoholic pancreatitis, 19 biliary pancreatitis and 10 pancreatitis of other causes). L/A ratio was studied in terms of delay from beginning of abdominal pain. There was no statistical difference between alcoholic and biliary pancreatitis at any time of the study, with the exception of admission. AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase were higher in biliary pancreatitis than in alcoholic pancreatitis. AST and ALT were the best biochemical tests to diagnose biliary pancreatitis. Blamey's criteria can also contribute to diagnose biliary pancreatitis. These biochemical tests are the most helpful if they are collected very soon in the evolution of acute pancreatitis. It is concluded that L/A ratio is not helpful in the diagnosis of alcoholic acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:[Can the L/A ratio identify acute alcoholic pancreatitis?]. 757 83

In this study we observed the discriminative ability of five commonly measured laboratory tests to distinguish between gallstone- and non-gallstone-associated pancreatitis. We also assessed the ability of the lipase-amylase ratio to discriminate between alcohol- and non-alcohol-induced pancreatitis. One hundred sixty-two patients with acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Group A consisted of patients presenting to our hospital in 1988 and 1989. Group B consisted of patients presenting in 1992. Models developed using group A patients were validated using group B patients. For gallstone pancreatitis, AST (threshold value 80 IU/liter) alone and a three-factor model, AST, ALP and bilirubin (threshold values of 80 IU/liter, 115 IU/liter, and 15 mumol/liter, respectively) were the best predictors, correctly classifying at least 80% of cases in group A and B. A lipase-amylase ratio of two correctly classified only 48% of cases in group A and 54% in group B. We conclude that biochemical models are useful in predicting the presence of gallstone pancreatitis but not alcoholic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Biochemical models as early predictors of the etiology of acute pancreatitis. 768 46

As ill reptiles only show nonspecific clinical signs, blood chemistry parameters are a valuable help in diagnosis. Practicable sites for obtaining blood of snakes, sauria and chelonians are vena coccygealis ventralis and cardiac puncture, of chelonians also vena jugularis, axillaris and coccygealis dorsalis. The following blood parameters were investigated: number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST (GOT), ALT (GPT) GLDH, AP, total bilirubin, CK, LDH, lipase, alpha-amylase, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride and total protein. Especially for diagnosing nephropathies evaluation of urea and uric acid proved to be valuable.
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PMID:[Blood parameters as an aid in the diagnosis of reptile diseases]. 901 27

In this study, amylase, lipase, ALT, AST, GGT, AP and GLDH were measured in plasma of male and female cats during the first six months of life. The determined reference values ranged at the upper level of those in literature or above. Associations with age were found in some enzymes.
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PMID:[Measurement of selected enzymes in blood plasma of cats in the first six months of life]. 901 28

Therapeutic observations suggest that azidothymidine (AZT)-resistant HIV+/AIDS patients are frequently offered AZT/dideoxycytidine (DDC) or dideoxyinosine (DDI) therapy. The latter therapies have been associated with the development of acute pancreatitis. During the initial portion of this study, when patients reported limiting ethanol consumption, an increase in CD4+, a decrease in amylase, and a decrease in lipase was observed in patients on DDI monotherapy. Marinol/marijuana usage was associated with depressed CD4+ counts and elevated amylase levels within the DDI subgroup. The purpose of this study was to follow these patients over 1 year and compare clinical indicators of pancreatitis and HIV progression. After 1 year, the remaining 56 patients were reexamined in the follow-up portion for clinical indicators of HIV disease progression and pancreatoxic/hepatotoxic effects. Those in the AZT group, who remained on this therapy throughout the year, had significantly increased amylase values from 55.3 to 69.3 IU/liter (p < 0.05). In the AZT/DDC group, those who remained on combination therapy throughout the year, 4 of the 5 clinical indicators of disease progression changed. Amylase, ALT, and AST all increased significantly from 55.2 to 77.8 IU/liter (p < 0.01), from 38.0 to 92.3 IU/liter (p < 0.05), and from 55.2 to 97.0 IU/liter (p < 0.05), respectively. Lipase levels decreased significantly (106.0 to 74.6 IU/liter, p < 0.05). The most remarkable changes occurred in the AZT/DDC group (who reduced ethanol consumption), wherein clinical indicators of pancreatitis and liver dysfunction declined, including amylase (65.0 to 20.0 IU/liter, p < 0.05), ALT (350.0 to 100.0 IU/liter, p < 0.01), and AST (240.0 to 95.0 IU/liter, p < 0.01). No significant changes were noted in the DDI or AZT groups. Marinol/marijuana use was associated with declining health status in both the AZT and AZT/DDC groups. In contrast, all clinical indicators of pancreatitis improved in the DDI patients who utilized Marinol/marijuana, including amylase (-34%), lipase (-30.8%), ALT (-21.4%), and AST (-20.1%). This paired follow-up study suggests that HIV+/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapies should restrict their ethanol consumption. In HIV+/AIDS patients with the lowest CD4+ counts (those on DDI monotherapy), utilization of Marinol/marijuana does not seem to have a deleterious impact.
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PMID:The impact of ethanol and Marinol/marijuana usage on HIV+/AIDS patients undergoing azidothymidine, azidothymidine/dideoxycytidine, or dideoxyinosine therapy. 904 84


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