Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.109 (AST)
 6,066 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A set of well characterized strains, collected in Polish hospitals, including Gram-negative (n = 93) and Gram-positive (n = 90) isolates was used in the study. The VITEK 2 AST-cards were used in the analysis according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Comparison of the susceptibility data obtained by the standard method and by VITEK 2 cards proved concordant in 99% of cases. Clinically important mechanisms were revealed by the VITEK 2 AES with >95% agreement with reference data including methicillin resistance in staphylococci (98%), high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci (100%), VanA and VanB phenotypes in enterococci (100%), and ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae (93.8%). The VITEK 2 AES System appears a reliable tool for the detection and interpretive reading of clinically important mechanisms of resistance and can be recommended for routine work.
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PMID:Susceptibility testing and resistance phenotypes detection in bacterial pathogens using the VITEK 2 System. 1659 3

A total of 123 clinical Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates were included in the study in order to evaluate VITEK 2 AST-NO29 (Nordic) card for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and to compare the results with genotypic ESBL verification. The results were also compared to alternative phenotypic methods, i.e. agar dilution and disk diffusion. The strains that were ESBL-positive according to AST-N029 were further analysed with the ESBL test card, VITEK 2 AST-N041. Using genotype as reference, Vitek 2 AES had the highest accuracy of the tested methods in classifying the strains as ESBL-positive or -negative (91.1%). When VITEK 2 gave ESBL as the only option for E. coli or K. pneumoniae, 44 of 45 (97.8%) strains had an ESBL gene. VITEK 2 achieved an accuracy of 94.9% and disk diffusion 95.9% compared to the agar dilution method as the phenotypic reference method for the E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains. For the K. oxytoca strains VITEK 2 achieved the highest accuracy (84.0%) of the methods used in this work.
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PMID:Evaluation of detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates by VITEK 2 AST-N029 compared to the agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. 1793 79

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are produced abundantly and are frequently used as a white pigment in the manufacture of paints, foods, paper, and toothpaste. Despite the wide ranges of uses, there is a lack of information on the impact of NPs on animal and human health. In the present study, rats were exposed to different doses of TiO2 nanoparticles and sacrificed, respectively, 4 days, 1 month, and 2 months after treatment. Dosage of TiO2 in tissues was performed by ICP-AES and revealed an important accumulation of TiO2 in the liver. The nanoparticles induced morphological and physiological alterations in liver and kidney. In the liver, these alterations mainly affect the hepatocytes located around the centrilobular veins. These cells were the site of an oxidative stress evidenced by immunocytochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Kupffer cells are also the site of an important oxidative stress following the massive internalization of TiO2 nanoparticles. Enzymatic markers of liver and kidney functions (such as AST and uric acid) are also disrupted only in animals exposed to highest doses. The metabonomic approach allowed us to detect modifications in urine samples already detectable after 4 days in animals treated at the lowest dose. This metabonomic pattern testifies an oxidative stress as well as renal and hepatic alterations.
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PMID:Hepatic and Renal Toxicity Induced by TiO2 Nanoparticles in Rats: A Morphological and Metabonomic Study. 3094 Nov 72