Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.3.1.108 (TAT)
 2,389 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical relevance of determination of plasma antithrombin III(ATIII) and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2 PI) activities in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was analyzed. Although the plasma ATIII activity was decreased in patients with DIC, no significant correlation was observed between plasma level of ATIII and that of thrombin-antithrombin III complex or prothrombin fragment 1+2. The extent of the decrease of ATIII in DIC was the most marked in cases associated with septicemia. The plasma level of ATIII in septicemia without DIC was significantly lower than that in DIC cases without septicemia, suggesting that the decrease of ATIII level could not be related to the pathophysiology of DIC, but to that of septicemia. The plasma half-life of ATIII in septicemia without DIC was significantly shortened in the absence of the increase of TAT level, suggesting that the extravasation of ATIII might be induced probably due to the endothelial damage in septicemia. The alpha 2-Plasmin inhibitor level was decreased in DIC patients. The decrease was the most marked (lower than 60% of normal) in patients with excessive fibrinolysis in which fibrinogen degradation was induced. The plasma level of alpha 2PI was significantly higher in the DIC cases with septicemia than in those without septicemia. The ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio was significantly lower in DIC cases with septicemia than in those with solid tumor or acute leukemia. Moreover, the ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio was significantly lower in MOF cases than in non-MOF cases in septicemia. The mortality of the MOF cases did not correlate with the ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio, but with the plasma level of PAI-1, suggesting that the decrease of ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio might not reflect the irreversible endothelial cell damage. Based on these observations, the calculation of ATIII/alpha 2PI in DIC patients would provide the following information; (1) a low ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio (less than 0.6) was frequently observed in septicemia, which could be related to the occurrence of organ dysfunction; (2) a high ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio (higher than 1.0) with the marked decrease of alpha 2PI level (lower than 60% of normal) suggests the occurrence of excessive fibrinolysis in which anti-fibrinolytic therapy should be considered when clinical bleeding was present; (3) The ATIII/alpha 2PI ratio near 1.0 was observed in DIC associated with the pathological conditions other than described above, such as solid tumors, in which the coagulation and fibrinolysis was almost equally activated.
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PMID:[Clinical relevance of determination of plasma ATIII and alpha 2 PI activities in patients with DIC--application of the molecular markers for the analysis of pathophysiology of DIC]. 810 83

A 26-year-old pregnant woman was diagnosed as having both lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anticardiolipin antibody (ACA). Her previous pregnancy ended in intrauterine fetal death at 27 weeks' gestation. During the present pregnancy she was treated with aspirin, dipiridamole, predonisolone, and heparin. At 24 weeks, fetal growth became retarded, accompanied by markedly decreased activities of AT-III, protein C, plasminogen and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor. Supplement of human AT-III led both to prolongation of the gestational period and improvement of fetal growth. The pregnancy ended in cesarean section because of signs of fetal distress at 30 weeks. The infant was a 1025-g male with Apgar scores of 5 and 9 at one and five minutes, respectively, and is healthy. The mother developed DIC after surgery, but recovered after therapy. In this case, TAT, alpha 2PI-plasmin complex, FDP Ddimer, FPB beta 15-42, L-FDP showed little correlation with the clinical course.
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PMID:[Administration of human AT-III in a case of lupus anticoagulant positive pregnancy]. 831 36

In order to predict a hypercoagulable state in patients with advanced breast cancer receiving medical treatment, the effects of chemoendocrine therapy on the coagulation-fibrinolytic systems were investigated prospectively. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The ACT group had 38 patients, who received 20 mg/m2 adriamycin (ADM) i.v. on days 1 and 8, 100 mg cyclophosphamide (CPA) p.o. on days 1-14, and 20 mg tamoxifen (TAM) p.o. daily. The ACM group had 44 patients, who received 20 mg/m2 ADM i.v. on days 1 and 8, 100 mg CPA p.o. on days 1-14 and 1200 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) p.o. daily. The treatment was repeated every 28 days until there was evidence of progressive disease or until the full ADM dose (550 mg/m2) had been given. The following 9 hematologic parameters were measured every 4 weeks: alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor plasmin complex (PIC), anti-thrombin-III (AT-III), D-dimer (Dd), fibrinogen (Fg), plasminogen (Pg), protein C (PC), thrombin-antithrombin-III complex (TAT-III), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and factor X (FX). Compared to the ACT group, patients in the ACM group showed significantly higher values of AT-III and PC, which exceeded the normal ranges. The levels of Pg, t-PA and FX were significantly higher in the ACM group than in the ACT group, but were still within the normal ranges. The levels of TAT-III, Dd and PIC decreased in the ACT group and were unchanged in the ACM group after the start of treatment. Fg remained unchanged in both groups after the start of treatment. One patient in the ACM group had thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities with high levels of TAT-III, Dd and PIC and a decrease of Fg, but her condition returned to normal after reduction of the MPA dose. Although these data are not directly indicative of a hypercoagulable state in patients receiving chemoendocrine therapy, changes in AT-III, TAT-III, Dd and PIC should be monitored carefully when this type of treatment is given.
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PMID:Effects of chemoendocrine therapy on the coagulation-fibrinolytic systems in patients with advanced breast cancer. Japan Advanced Breast Cancer Study Group and Japan Clinical Oncology Group. 851 13

Thrombus formation is recognized pathologically in the affected arteries and is supposed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of Takayasu's arteritis; however, hemostatic conditions in this disorder have not been elucidated fully. We determined plasma levels of molecular markers for platelet activity (platelet factor 4; PF4, beta-thromboglobulin; beta TG), thrombotic status (thrombin-antithrombin III complex; TAT, fibrinopeptide A; FPA), fibrinolytic status (plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex; PIC, D-dimer), and endothelial injury (von Willebrand factor antigen; vWF:Ag, thrombomodulin; TM) in 30 patients with Takayasu's arteritis and 20 age-matched control subjects. Plasma levels of PF4, beta TG, TAT, FPA and D-dimer, but not PIC, in patients with Takayasu's arteritis were substantially higher than those in normal control subjects. The levels of these markers were not different between the active and inactive stages of the disease. Plasma levels of vWF:Ag in patients with Takayasu's arteritis did not differ significantly from those in normal subjects, and plasma levels of TM were significantly lower than those in normal subjects. In patients with Takayasu's arteritis, platelet and coagulation activities are significantly increased, leading to hypercoagulable state and thrombus formation, although there is little, if any, endothelial damage.
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PMID:Hypercoagulable state in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. 872 10