Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.3.1.108 (TAT)
 2,389 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The extracorporealization of blood activates various elements of the fibrinolytic, coagulation, and complement systems. It is theorized that advancements in biocompatibility ameliorate many of the changes leading to improved patient management. The purpose of this study was to determine if heparin-coated circuit (HCC) utilization during cardiopulmonary bypass enhances patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. A search of the English medical literature was completed to identify all clinical, prospective, randomized trials comparing HCC and non-HCC in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or valvular surgery. Twenty-six papers consisting of a sample size of 1515 patients were identified and included in the study parameters. The study distinguished between Duraflo II and Carmeda coating techniques and matched papers with different heparin loading doses, as well as use of a heparin-coated cardiotomy. Study parameters were matched for all papers and analyzed according to the availability of data. Statistically significant benefits of HCC were found in postoperative blood loss, time in the ICU, end bypass C3a, time to extubation, end bypass lactoferrin, and end platelet count, but not with respect to postoperative chest tube drainage, red blood cell transfusions, and end bypass TAT complex, D-dimers, and BTG. Data comparing the use of coated or uncoated cardiotomy utilization failed to demonstrate a benefit to heparin coating. Several immunological variables were ameliorated when Carmeda HCC was utilized, although data were insufficient to establish a cost-benefit analysis. In conclusion, heparin-coated circuitry provided statistically better results when compared to noncoated circuitry.
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PMID:Quantitative evaluation of heparin-coated versus non-heparin-coated bypass circuits during cardiopulmonary bypass. 1084 56

Effective treatment of malignant glioma still remains a formidable challenge due to lack of the effective BBB-permeable drugs and efficient brain delivery methods, and the pharmacotherapy options are very limited. Therefore, to develop an effective therapeutic strategy is a pressing need. In this work, a noncytotoxic drug combination (i.e., simvastatin and fenretinide) was revealed to be potent for treating glioma, which was co-encapsulated into a TPGS-TAT-embedded lactoferrin nanoparticle system for achieving brain-targeted biomimetic delivery via the LRP-1 receptor. It was shown that the lactoferrin nanoparticle repolarized the tumor-associated macrophages from the M2 phenotype to M1 via regulating the STAT6 pathway, as well as induced the ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis by inhibiting the Ras/Raf/p-Erk pathway in the glioma cells. The antiglioma efficacy was further demonstrated in both the subcutaneous and orthotopic glioma models. The repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages not only prompted the ROS generation but also induced the innate immunity (e.g., antitumor cytokine release). This delivery and therapeutic strategy provides a novel modality for the glioma treatment.
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PMID:Antiglioma via regulating oxidative stress and remodeling tumor-associated macrophage using lactoferrin-mediated biomimetic codelivery of simvastatin/fenretinide. 3009 2