Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.1.1.69 (BMT)
 2,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum IgA levels were monitored at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after BMT in 131 allogeneic and 3 syngeneic bone marrow transplant recipients. In general, IgA levels were low during the first 6 months and did not return to normal levels until 1-2 years after transplantation. Children (less than 15 years) had lower IgA levels at 3 and 6 months post-BMT compared to the adults (P less than 0.05), but donor age had no influence on the recipient IgA levels after BMT. Patients receiving either methotrexate or cyclosporine alone for GVHD prophylaxis had markedly lower IgA levels compared to those given a combination of these two drugs or patients transplanted with T-cell-depleted marrow (P less than 0.001). Mean IgA levels in patients without or with grade I acute GVHD were within the normal range at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after BMT (greater than 0.3 g/L), although approximately 20% of the patients in each group showed low IgA levels (less than or equal to 0.3 g/L) early after transplantation. Patients with grade II or III acute GVHD had significantly lower values from 3 months up to 2 years after transplantation (P less than 0.01). Patients with chronic GVHD had significantly lower IgA levels 1 and 2 years after BMT compared to patients without chronic GVHD (P less than 0.005). Severe acute GVHD, particularly when followed by chronic GVHD, seems to be the main reason for low IgA levels, while other factors such as CMV infection or donor status may also contribute to the development of IgA deficiency after BMT.
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PMID:Development of IgA deficiency after bone marrow transplantation. The influence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. 240 90

The reconstitution of B cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood was prospectively studied in 27 patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). No major differences in B cell regeneration patterns were recorded between patients receiving marrows purged of B cells (anti-CD10 + 19; n = 17) and patients receiving unpurged marrows (n = 10). Compared with healthy controls, elevated absolute and relative numbers of B cells were recorded in the blood and marrow at +6 and +12 months in both groups of patients. CD23+ B cells were severely depressed during the first three months post ABMT, indicating immaturity. A twofold increase in B cells carrying the activation marker 4F2 was recorded in the marrow at +1 month. Serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) were within low-normal range throughout the study. The depressed B cell responses reported after allogeneic and autologous BMT could in part be explained by the low expression of the CD23 antigen on B cells after such therapy.
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PMID:B lymphocyte regeneration in marrow and blood after autologous bone marrow transplantation: increased numbers of B cells carrying activation and progression markers. 247 47

In the present report we have attempted to examine immunologic reconstitution following high-dose chemoradiotherapy and anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody (MoAb)-purged autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). By cell-surface phenotypic analysis, the majority of patients had normal percentage of natural killer cells (NK), monocytes, and CD8+ T cells at one month post-ABMT. In contrast, the percentage of CD4+ T cells was reduced for at least 3 years, and the CD4:CD8 ratio reflected this imbalance. B-cell reconstitution was slightly prolonged, with normal percentage and absolute numbers of CD20+ B cells evident by 3 months. Although B cells returned by 3 months, in vitro assessment of B-cell function demonstrated impairment of proliferative responses to either anti-immunoglobulins bound to beads (anti-Ig), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), or interleukin-2 (IL-2) for approximately 1 year and low molecular B-cell growth factor (BCGF) for approximately 2 or more years. Moreover, in vivo B-cell reconstitution demonstrated a more selective defect, with normal levels of immunoglobulin IgM returning at 6 months, IgG at 12 months, and IgA after 2 years. Despite normal numbers of B cells and relative normal levels of Ig early following ABMT, our in vitro data suggest an intrinsic defect in B-cell responsiveness. Moreover, these defects are similar to those observed following nonpurged autologous and allogeneic BMT, although the interval of immune impairment appears more prolonged.
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PMID:Anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody-purged autologous bone marrow transplantation for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: phenotypic reconstitution and B-cell function. 247 24

83 patients undergoing allogeneic or autologous BMT because of haematologic malignancies have been studied before and after transplantation at different intervals. The determinations consisted of lymphocyte counts, E-rosetting, lymphoblastic response, evaluation of serum immunoglobulin levels, skin testing, and in a smaller part of the patients surface marker studies using monoclonal antibodies of the BL-series. At first after BMT the lymphocyte and T cell counts went to normal between 4-18 weeks post transplant, about 4 weeks earlier in autologous than in allogeneic BMT. T suppressor cells showed an early increase compared to T helper cells which normalized much slower about 6 months after BMT. Lymphoblastic responses, however, tended to normal not before the second half of the first year both in autologous and allogeneic transplantation. Skin test reactivity became normal during the 2nd and 3rd year posttransplant, which was more complete in autologous than in allogeneic BMT. The IgG and IgM levels were depressed for half a year and IgA levels for 2 years. The most striking aspect was the multiphase course of lymphoblastic response in every individual patient. We suggest this to be the expression of sequential differentiation of donor lymphocytes.
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PMID:Immune recovery following bone marrow transplantation. 248 Mar

Immunologic reconstitution was studied in 24 patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation, 17 allogenic and 7 autologous. The GVHD prophylaxis consisted of methotrexate and prednisone. The complete immune evaluation was to be carried out prior to transplantation at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12 months after BMT and subsequently every 6 months up to 4 years. The investigated immunological parameters included total lymphocyte count, B-lymphocytes, T3-, T4-, T8-lymphocytes, T4/T8 ratio, natural killer cell activity, ADCC, lymphocyte blastogenic response and serum-IgG, -IgA, -IgM. Absolute lymphocyte count, B-lymphocytes, T3-lymphocytes recovered to normal levels after 6 months. T4-lymphocytes decreased significantly during the first 180 days posttransplant. T8-lymphocytes increased after 6 months to values higher than normal and the T4/T8 ratio decreased significantly and continued below 0.8 for 48 months. Patients without and with GVHD had low lymphocyte response to PHA and Con A for the first 6 months.
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PMID:Immunoreconstitution after human bone marrow transplantation. 248 Mar 1

Unstimulated whole saliva and serum samples were collected from ten allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients before and after bone marrow transplantation, seven donors, and from twenty healthy individuals. Two patterns with regard to salivary IgA were found after transplantation. In five patients, a short-lasting peak of excessive IgA production was noted shortly after BMT. Two of these patients had an increase of both secretory and the nonsecretory form of IgA, whereas the other three only demonstrated elevated nonsecretory IgA levels. After the IgA peak the IgA level decreased below the level before BMT. In five patients a different pattern was seen, with a marked decrease in salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM as well as albumin after grafting. A highly variable pattern of reconstitution was seen after one year, when three out of seven patients were still deficient in secretory IgA.
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PMID:Ontogeny of immunoglobulins in bone marrow-transplanted individuals. An analysis of serum and salivary levels. 284 40

We investigated 20 bone marrow transplant recipients with pneumonitis using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to assess the humoral immune response in the lung. We measured the levels of total IgG, IgM and IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum, and albumin measurements were used to correct for simple diffusion of immunoglobulins from serum into the lung. We found evidence for the local production of immunoglobulins G, M and A in 15 patients. This was independent of the cause of the pneumonitis. We also found that, although seven patients who recovered from their pulmonary problem had evidence of considerable local production of immunoglobulin, eight patients who died were also producing immunoglobulins in the lung. Death due to pneumonitis in BMT recipients cannot, therefore, be ascribed to a failure of the local humoral immune response.
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PMID:Humoral immune responses within the lung of bone marrow transplant recipients studied by bronchoalveolar lavage. 304 49

After conventional bone marrow transplantation serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels fall from pre-transplant levels and may not return to normal for 3-12 months. In contrast IgE may rise to supranormal levels, an event that may be associated with graft-versus-host disease. We have investigated the recovery of immunoglobulin isotypes in the recipients of allogeneic marrows depleted of T-cells to prevent graft-versus-host disease. We find that pre-transplant IgG, IgM and IgA levels are maintained throughout the post-transplant period but that there is a short-lived rise in IgE about 3 weeks after transplantation: this rise occurs in the absence of clinically detectable graft-versus-host disease. We conclude that specific T-cell depletion does not impair and may actually enhance the functional recovery of B cells after allogeneic BMT.
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PMID:Recovery of immunoglobulin isotypes following T-cell depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 353 Mar 13

Serial assessment of peripheral blood T and B cell recovery and serum immunoglobulins was performed in 19 children for the first year following BMT and compared with normal values established from healthy children. Immunophenotypic analysis on bone marrow was performed in selected cases by Southern blotting of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene. We found no significant differences between T cell-replete or depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplants. Lymphocyte numbers were low until 9 months post-BMT. T cell numbers (CD2, CD3, CD5) were also low until 12 months but B cell numbers (CD19) became normal at 3 months. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets were low post-BMT with depression of CD4+ greater and more prolonged than that of CD8+. No overshoot of CD8+ was seen. The principal effect of GVHD or its treatment was further depression of CD4+ cells but with no increase in CD8+; recovery of B cells was also delayed. Recovery of IgG was slow with only six of 11 children reaching an age-adjusted normal level by 1 year, whereas there was more rapid recovery of IgM and IgA. Several children had an increase in lymphocytes of immature appearance in their bone marrow at varying times post-BMT with increased cells of phenotype CD19+, CD10+, HLA-DR+ and TdT+. In each case Southern blotting showed a germline pattern of the IgH indicating a polyclonal early B cell regenerative population.
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PMID:Immune reconstitution after BMT in children. 843 13

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major complication of BMT. The oral cavity is a common route for CMV infection, whose protection is provided by salivary anti-CMV antibodies. We developed an ELISA assay for the detection of CMV-specific antibodies in parotid saliva. Saliva of patients receiving BMT from CMV-positive donors was transiently reconstituted with IgG and IgA anti-CMV antibodies shortly after transplantation. The concentration of these antibodies gradually decreased during the 2 months after transplantation and increased again around day 80. A remarkable rise in the salivary concentrations of IgG and IgM anti-CMV was observed shortly after i.v. administration of Sandoglobulin. These results demonstrate, for the first time accurate monitoring of CMV-specific antibodies in saliva using a quantitative ELISA assay. The study suggests that secretion of CMV-specific antibodies in saliva of immunocompromised patients can be reconstituted by donor-derived B and plasma cells transferred with the BM or by i.v. administration of pooled Ig.
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PMID:Salivary immunoglobulins in recipients of bone marrow grafts. III. A longitudinal follow-up of CMV specific antibodies. 864 Jan 73


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