Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.1.1.69 (BMT)
 2,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a primigravida of 25 years of age who had an attack of eclampsia seven hours after Caesarean section we found an abnormally low oncotic pressure (i.e. colloid osmotic pressure, COP) in the plasma, namely, 14.5 mm Hg instead of the normal value which is greater than 20mm Hg. In EPH-gestosis there is a pathogenetic dependence of the oedemas, hypovolaemia, haemoconcentration and insufficient perfusion of parenchymatous organs, on the transcapillary colloid osmotic pressure gradient. As a result of colloid substitution with human albumin (20-40 g per day) effected with oncometric control, the COP increased stepwise to 18.3 mm Hg within one week and the distribution of fluid between the intravascular and extravascular space normalised. Repeated direct measurement of the colloid osmotic pressure (in our case by Onkometer BMT 921, Thomae) proved extremely helpful especially as a means of therapy control.
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PMID:[Extremely low oncotic pressure in postpartum eclampsia]. 407 14

We report a successful allogeneic BMT for the treatment of juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML) in a 9-month-old Laotian boy using an HLA-matched sibling donor with HbH disease (--SEA/aaCS). In addition, before BMT the recipient had a complex haemoglobinopathy associating heterozygous state AE along with HbH disease (--SEA/-a3,7) without haemoglobin Constant Spring (HbCS). Because various haemoglobinopathies are frequently encountered in southeast Asia, when BMT is performed in Asian families the results may be evaluated by the differing haemoglobin characteristics of recipient and donor. However, there is also a significant risk of transmitting a new haemoglobinopathy to the recipient. Because transplantation from HLA-identical siblings offers the only chance of cure for JCML, the presence of HbH disease with mild clinical expression in the donor should not be taken as a contra-indication to BMT.
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PMID:Donor for BMT with haemoglobin H disease. 837 39

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of the plasma cell characterized by migration and localization to the bone marrow where cells then disseminate and facilitate the formation of bone lesions. Unfortunately, while treatment of this disease is effective in palliating the disease, and even prolonging survival, this disease is generally regarded as incurable. Understanding the basic biology of myeloma cells will ultimately lead to more effective treatments by developing target based therapy. In Section I, Dr. Bergsagel discusses the molecular pathogenesis of MM and shares insights regarding specific chromosomal translocations and their role in the genesis and progression of MM. New information regarding FGFR3 as an oncogene as well as how activating mutations may contribute to disease evolution and may be an important target for novel therapeutics of MM is presented. In Section II, Dr. Anderson elaborates on novel therapeutic approaches to MM also targeting fundamental genetic abnormalities in MM cells. Both preclinical and clinical studies of novel agents including PS-341 and IMiDs are highlighted. In Section III, Dr. Harousseau discusses the role of autologous stem cell transplant in MM. He highlights clinical trials addressing the question of conditioning regimens and the impact of tandem transplants. He also addresses the role of allogeneic BMT and the use of attenuated dose conditioning regimens (so called mini-allogeneic transplants) in the treatment of MM. In Section IV, Dr. Dalton provides an overview of the current state of myeloma therapy and summarizes the different and exciting approaches being undertaken to cure this disease.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma. 1172 83

Acute leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer and is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality in children. In the United approximately 3250 cases are diagnosed annually in children and adolescents younger than 20 years, of whom 2400 have acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Treatment results in childhood ALL continue to improve, and the expected current cure rates approach 75 to 80% of all children with ALL, including T-ALL and mature B-cell ALL, the two variants that, not too long ago, had a considerably poorer prognosis compared with the common form of BpALL. The most significant new development in the past 2 years has been the development of further evidence for fetal origin of childhood leukemias, and additional evidence to support the notion that postnatal events modulating the events of immune-mediated elimination of these leukemic clones play a major role in the eventual development of clinical disease. Other epidemiologic developments include (1) increased appreciation of the role of drug-metabolizing enzymes, both in determining the predisposition to leukemia and response to therapy; and (2) both clinical observations and gene expression studies seeming to identify a new approach to the evaluation and treatment of children with MLL (11q23) rearrangements. A most remarkable new development in the induction therapy of childhood leukemia and lymphoma in the United States is the use of urate oxidase for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome and the associated uric acid nephropathy. Drug resistance, determined either on leukemic blast cells in vitro or by studies of MRD, is being looked at critically in an effort to improve the treatment results further. Consolidation with HDMTX has gained wider popularity with the realization that effective CNS prophylaxis can be achieved with intrathecal therapy plus HDMTX for consolidation. In contrast to ALL, the progress in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) lags behind, with cure rates of approximately 40 to 50%. There is no convincing evidence for substitution of daunorubicin with other anthracyclines, nor evidence for using high-dose cytarabine during induction in childhood AML. Rather, a 3 + 10 regimen with total daunorubicin 180 mg/m2 and cytarabine 100 to 200 mg/2 for 10 days appears to yield the best results. The most important component of the postremission chemotherapy continues to be several courses of high-dose cytarabine. The results from the MRC 10, LAME 89/91 studies and the recent BFM 93 trial with high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone suggest that there may be some benefit to including this combination in the postremission phase of AML. Despite these improvements in chemotherapy, allogeneic BMT from a matched family donor remains the best option for most patients (excluding Down syndrome, APL, and possibly those with inv16). Newer prognostic markers of interest include FLT3/ITD and minimal residual disease at the end of induction therapy.
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PMID:Recent advances in pediatric acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia. 1249 Jul 58

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) is currently the only way to cure many hematoproliferative disorders. However, allo-BMT use is limited by severe complications, the foremost being graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Due to the lack of efficiency of the existing methods of GVHD prophylaxis, new methods are being actively explored, including the use of donors' multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC). In this work, we analyzed the results of acute GVHD (aGVHD) prophylaxis by means of MMSC injections after allo-BMT in patients with hematological malignancies. The study included 77 patients. They were randomized into two groups - those receiving standard prophylaxis of aGVHD and those who were additionally infused with MMSC derived from the bone marrow of hematopoietic stem cell donors. We found that the infusion of MMSC halves the incidence of aGVHD and increases the overall survival of patients. Four of 39 MMSC samples were ineffective for preventing aGVHD. Analysis of individual donor characteristics (gender, age, body mass index) and the MMSC properties of these donors (growth parameters, level of expression of 30 genes involved in proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation) revealed no significant difference between the MMSC that were effective or ineffective for preventing aGVHD. We used multiple logistic regression to establish a combination of features that characterize the most suitable MMSC samples for the prevention of aGVHD. A model predicting MMSC sample success for aGVHD prophylaxis was constructed. Significant model parameters were increased relative expression of the FGFR1 gene in combination with reduced expression levels of the PPARG and IGF1 genes. Depending on the chosen margin for probability of successful application of MMSC, this model correctly predicts the outcome of the use of MMSC in 82-94% of cases. The proposed model of prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of MMSC samples will enable prevention of the development of aGVHD in the maximal number of patients.
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PMID:Analysis of results of acute graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with donor multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with hemoblastoses after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 2571 30