Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.1.1.69 (BMT)
 2,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone marrow transplantation improves the chances of survival in a variety of hematological malignancies. However, infectious complications during the post-transplant phase contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. To reduce the duration of granulocytopenia, which is approximately 20 days after BMT, in this study patients with ALL, relapsed or high-grade NHL, relapsed or refractory HD, or Neuroblastoma stage III/IV, were given rh GM-CSF to assess the effects on hematological and immunological reconstitution after conditioning therapy and BMT. The results of 9 patients are presented. After autologous BMT and subsequent rh GM-CSF therapy, a peripheral blood neutrophil count of 500/microliters was reached within 8-12 days, i.e., between 7 and 10 days earlier than would have been expected without rh GM-CSF. Furthermore, it appeared that rh GM-CSF was useful in case of insufficient bone marrow regeneration post autologous transplant. The influence of rh GM-CSF after allogeneic BMT is not yet clear. Further studies will be necessary to evaluate the potential of this promising new drug after BMT.
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PMID:Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rh GM-CSF) after bone marrow transplantation. 307 46

When a 3-methylcholanthrene (CAS: 56-49-5)-induced fibrosarcoma, BMT-11, and its eight clones were transplanted sc into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice, leukemoid reaction characterized by a progressive increase in peripheral white blood cells (WBCs) and by splenomegaly was observed as the tumors grew. The WBC count reached about forty-fold of the normal level, and more than 90% of WBCs were found to be polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The increase in WBCs was correlated with tumor size, and its count decreased to normal level within 7 days after surgical excision of subcutaneous tumors. Moreover, a high level of colony-stimulating activity was detected in the supernatant of BMT-11 culture. These results suggest that the colony-stimulating factor produced by BMT-11 cells caused granulocytosis in mice. This is the first report of the marked degree of granulocytosis induced by a transplanted tumor in C57BL/6 strain mice.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1987 Mar
PMID:Marked granulocytosis in C57BL/6 mice bearing a transplanted BMT-11 fibrosarcoma. 346 67

Sixty-four adult patients with lymphoblasts lymphoma (LB) identified according to Kiel Classification were analyzed retrospectively. Three distinct clinical presentations were identified: prevalent abdominal disease (29 pts = 45.3%), prevalent mediastinal disease (14 pts = 21.9%) and prevalent superficial node involvement (21 pts = 32.8%). On histological grounds, the patients with abdominal disease were mainly associated to "Burkitt like" cell lymphoma (55%); patients with mediastinal disease to convoluted cell type (58%); and those with superficial node disease to unclassified cell type (48%). Immunological studies showed a significant correlation between mediastinal disease and T phenotype (P = 0.0011), abdominal disease and B phenotype (P = 0.00042), and between superficial node disease and non-B non-T phenotype (P = 0.00024). Survival was independent of the type of clinical presentation and protocol employed but was correlated with the stage (P less than 0.0005), symptoms (P less than 0.025), bulky disease (P less than 0.025) and bone marrow involvement (P less than 0.025). Furthermore the response to therapy was strongly correlated with prognosis (P less than 0.0001) with 34.5 months median survival for complete responders, 9 months for partial responders, and 3 months for non-responders. Four patients underwent bone marrow transplantation (three autologous and one allogeneic BMT in a patient in leukemic phase); three of them are still in CR (18, 22, and 27 months from the transplant) while one patient had an early relapse and died 3 months later.
Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1986 Dec
PMID:Lymphoblastic lymphoma in adolescents and adults. Clinical, pathological and prognostic evaluation. 349 23

Between October 1983 and October 1985, 12 allogeneic bone marrow transplantations from HLA-identical siblings were performed for treatment of malignant disease (11 haemopoietic malignancies) or severe aplastic anaemia (1 case). All patients showed prompt and complete engraftment of donor cells on average around day 17 after transplantation. 10 patients are alive and well 50-760 days after transplantation, without any signs of recurrence and partly without immunosuppressive therapy. Two patients died, one due to relapse of the leukaemia, and one as a result of CMV interstitial pneumonia. Graft versus host disease was seen in 6 of the 12 patients. Additional immunosuppressive therapy was necessary in 4 of them. The incidence of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in our group of patients was low (two cases). Also tested was an experimental protocol for the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant metastatic solid tumours. After removal of all clinically detectable tumour tissue by maximal surgical therapy in 5 patients, residual systemic metastases were treated by means of total body irradiation and high-dose cyclophosphamide, followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation with curative intention. Relapse occurred in 4 patients between day 100 and 720 after BMT bone marrow transplantation. Only one patient remains without sign of relapse.
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PMID:[Experience using bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of hematologic neoplasms and solid tumors]. 355 39

The effect that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) may have on the metastatic colonization of tumor cells is controversial: some laboratories have reported that PMN can inhibit metastasis whereas others have shown an augmentation effect. We have exploited our finding that a particular fibrosarcoma (BMT-11) transplanted subcutaneously into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice induces a progressive increase in the number of circulating PMN, to re-examine this question. We used such "granulocytosis-positive" mice as recipients of B16 melanoma cells to examine the influence of significant granulocytosis on the level of lung tumor colonies. The number of B16 melanoma lung colonies detected after intravenous (i.v.) injection was significantly higher in BMT-11 tumor-bearing mice with granulocytosis than in control (non-tumor-bearing) mice. Retention of 125IUdR-labelled B16 cells 24 hr after the i.v. injection was 3 to 10 times greater in mice with granulocytosis than in controls. Either simultaneous injection, or preinjection of PMN with B16 cells, increased the lung-colonizing capacity of B16 melanoma cells. These results suggest that abnormally increased numbers of PMN in the peripheral blood, particularly in the lung circulation, can enhance the ability of tumor cells to colonize or metastasize.
Int J Cancer 1986 Jun 15
PMID:Augmentation of B16 melanoma lung colony formation in C57BL/6 mice having marked granulocytosis. 371 Jun 20

High dose whole body irradiation is commonly included in conditioning regimens for bone marrow transplantation for treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. Interstitial pneumonitis is a major complication after BMT. About one-fourth of all BMT patients die from IP. In about half of these cases, an infectious agent, particularly cytomegalovirus, is involved. When no infectious cause is found, it is classified as idiopathic IP (IIP). Total body irradiation is often associated with the induction of IIP; however, extrapolation of animal data from the experiments presented indicates that this is not the only factor contributing to IIP in man. Brown Norway (BN/Bi) rats were bilaterally irradiated to the lungs with 300 kV X rays at a high dose rate (HDR; 0.8 Gy/min) and at a low dose rate (LDR; 0.05 Gy/min). The dose-response curves found were very steep. In the LDR group, lung function studies were performed. There was a strong correlation between the increase in ventilation rate and the death pattern. The LD50 at 180 days was 13.3 Gy for HDR and 22.7 Gy for LDR. The ratios of LD50/180 at 0.05 Gy/min to that at 0.8 Gy/min is 1.7, which indicates a great repair capacity of the lungs. Extrapolation of animal data to patient data leads to an estimated dose of about 15-16 Gy at a 50% radiation pneumonitis induction for low dose rate TBI. As the absorbed dose in the lungs of BMT patients rarely exceeds 10 Gy, additional factors such as remission-induction chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, cyclosporin A, graft-versus-host disease, etc., might be involved in the high incidence of IIP in man after BMT.
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PMID:Lung damage following bone marrow transplantation: I. The contribution of irradiation. 388 9

Clinical trials in autologous BMT to date have indicated that significant salvage and potential cures can be obtained in patients with high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who have failed primary therapy and are treated with high dose chemoradiotherapy and autologous marrow rescue. The major need in NHL is to better define those patients who might benefit by autologous BMT and to reduce the relapse rate by improved pre- or post-transplant therapy. Similar results to those in NHL could be obtained in acute leukemia if occult tumor cells could be eliminated from autologous marrow. Animal model experiments have shown that it is feasible to eliminate low level contamination with tumor cells by in vitro immunologic or pharmacologic treatment. While it is too early to accurately assess the efficacy of ongoing clinical trials using those marrow purging techniques, a few patients have exhibited encouraging durations of CCR. Should these approaches prove to be effective in only a fraction of cases, combination in vitro treatment or the use of more efficient effector mechanisms for cell killing (e.g., ricin conjugated antibody) may very well clear occult tumor from the marrow of most patients. The encouraging results with autologous BMT in leukemia and lymphoma stand in sharp contrast to the disappointing results so far achieved with the non-hematologic solid tumors. It is, however, possible that those cancers have not been subjected to the most rigorous test for successful autologous BMT and that the search for newer agents which can produce operationally irreversible aplasia may provide a fairer test of this approach. It is to be hoped that future research will settle this point.
Cancer Invest 1984
PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in the treatment of cancer. 632 87

A prospective randomised study was carried out to compare the effect of mesna (2-mercaptoethane sulphonate sodium) with that of forced diuresis in preventing cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic cystitis in marrow transplant recipients. Sixty-one consecutive BMT recipients were randomised for treatment with forced diuresis or mesna. The incidence of macroscopic haematuria was significantly lower in the mesna treated group (chi 2 = 4.03, P less than 0.05). No specific side effects of mesna were detected. The lymphopenia induced by cyclophosphamide in the aplastic recipients was similar in the mesna and forced diuresis groups suggesting that mesna has no effect on the lymphocytotoxic activity of cyclophosphamide, although 6 out of 7 episodes of graft failure documented in the study occurred in mesna treated patients. As a result of this study our present policy is to use mesna in all BMT recipients but to continue careful documentation of the incidence of graft failure.
Br J Cancer 1984 Dec
PMID:Comparison of mesna with forced diuresis to prevent cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic cystitis in marrow transplantation: a prospective randomised study. 643 30

Continuing our series on haematological malignancies, this second paper on bone marrow transplantation looks at the psychological impact and quality of life of survivors. It also looks at the effect on patient's sexuality, the psychiatric aspects of BMT and the stress on nursing staff.
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PMID:Quality of life following bone marrow transplant. 747 34

The use of cytokines such as granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to ameliorate chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression may not only stimulate the recovery of normal hematopoietic cells but may also enhance the proliferation of the tumor cells with functional receptors for these cytokines. In this study, we show that administration of recombinant human (rh) G-CSF decreased the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic effects of Adriamycin or etoposide on L1210 murine leukemic cells with receptors for rhG-CSF. Transplantation of bone marrow cells expressing high levels of bcl-2 from a retroviral construct [MPZenNeo(bcl-2)] (bcl-2-BMT) did not decrease the in vivo cytotoxic effect of etoposide on L1210 cells, but enabled recovery of myelopoiesis following etoposide-induced myelosuppression to almost the same extent as did the administration of rhG-CSF. These findings suggest the possibility that bcl-2 transfection could be used to protect transplanted bone marrow from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression on behalf of administration of rhG-CSF, in case of treatment of tumors with functional receptors for rhG-CSF.
Cancer Res 1994 Jun 01
PMID:Transfection with a bcl-2 expression vector protects transplanted bone marrow from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. 751 94


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