Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biologically active lipids increase the growth of pea stem sections within 3 hours at the same time their respiration is increased and their growth rate is more than that of the intact plant. The greater final length of the intact internode is due to a longer growth period.BOTH ACTIVE AND INACTIVE LIPIDS ARE RAPIDLY TAKEN UP AND ENTER ALL MAJOR METABOLIC FRACTIONS: among centrifugal fractions methyl oleate tends to label those that contain metabolically active membranes. It is concluded that lipids active in the bioassay are probably the effective molecules at the subcellular site of action.No direct effect of lipids on isolated mitochondria could be shown. The respiration of stem tissue was not influenced by dinitrophenol and carbonyl cyano m-chlorophenyl hydrazone although dinitrophenol inhibited growth. Lipid-induced respiration was sensitive to these agents as well as to cyanide, indicating cytochrome oxidase is probably involved.The promotion of growth and respiration by lipids is not linked to protein synthesis, since actinomycin D, puromycin and cycloheximide failed to inhibit the respiratory increase even though strongly limiting amino acid incorporation into protein. It is most likely that the effect of lipids on growth is due to their promotion of respiration.
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PMID:Relationship of lipid metabolism to the respiration and growth of pea stem sections. 1665 63

This study was designed to analyze the effect of the mitochondrial respiratory pathways of Candida albicans (C. albicans) on the biofilm formation. The 2, 3-bis (2-methoxy- 4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assay was used to measure the metabolic activities of biofilms formed by the C. albicans which were cultured in the presence of respiratory pathways inhibitors. The biofilms formed by the wide type (WT), GOA7-deleted (GOA31), GOAV-reconstituted (GOA32), AOXla-deleted (AOX1) and AOXlb-deleted (AOX2) C. albicans strains were examined by the XTT reduction assay and fluorescence microscopy. The expression of adhesion-related genes BCR1, ALS1, ALS3, ECE1 and HWP1 in the biofilms formed by the above five C. albicans strains was detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. It was found that the metabolic activity of biofilms formed by C. albicans was decreased in the presence of alternative oxidase inhibitor whereas it was increased in the presence of classical mitochondrial respiratory pathway complex HI or complex IV inhibitor. AOX1 strain produced scarce biofilms interspersed with few hyphal filaments. Moreover, no significant changes in the expression of BCR1 and ALS3 were observed in the AOX1 strain, but the expression of ALSI and ECE1 was down-regulated, and that of HWP1 was up-regulated. These results indicate that both AOX1 and AOX2 can promote the biofilm formation. However, AOXla primarily plays a regulatory role in biofilm formation in the absence of inducers where the promoting effect is mainly achieved by promoting mycelial formation.
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PMID:Alternative Oxidase Promotes Biofilm Formation of Candida albicans. 3007 10