Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary cell culture system from middle-ear epithelium of the guinea pig was established in defined condition. Mucosal cells were dispersed with enzymatic procedure and over 90% of the cell viability was obtained. Collagen gel and fibronectin coated Thermanox plate were used as culture substrates, and cultured cells on both materials formed confluent epithelial linings. Histochemical localization of succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and adenosine triphosphatase in mitochondria were examined. Cultured ciliated cells and some non-ciliated cells with numerous microvilli showed strong activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase. Also in vivo, normal ciliated epithelium near the eustachian tube in the middle-ear cavity of the guinea pig revealed strong mitochondrial metabolic activities. We concluded that this system would be useful for the study of cellular multiplication and differentiation systems of the middle-ear epithelium.
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PMID:[Cell culture of middle-ear epithelium of the guinea pig--histochemical localization of mitochondrial enzymatic activities in cultured cells]. 215 82

C3H mice were infected with 30 metacercarial cysts of either echinostome to study the pathological, ultrastructural, and cytochemical effects of the infection on the mouse small intestine. In mice infected with Echinostoma caproni, the intestine showed villous atrophy with fused or eroded villi. The microvilli of the enterocytes were sparse and distorted and showed reduced alkaline phosphatase activity. The crypts of Lieberkuhn were hyperplastic and showed a marked reduction in goblet and Paneth cells. As compared with uninfected controls, there was a marked reduction in glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the enterocytes of the infected gut. Collagen fibers and the number of fibroblasts were increased under the epithelium. In mice infected with E. trivolvis, the tips of the intestinal villi were bent and blunted. The microvilli of the enterocytes were less tightly packed than those of uninfected controls. The mitochondria in the enterocytes were irregularly shaped, contained intracristal bodies, and showed increased cytochrome oxidase activity as compared with those of uninfected controls. The crypts were hyperplastic but showed an increase in the numbers of goblet and Paneth cells. The fibroblasts and collagen fibers showed abnormal development. The ultrastructural and cytochemical differences seen in this study reflect the uniqueness of the host-parasite relationship of each of these echinostome species in the gut of the C3H mouse.
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PMID:Expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis (Cort, 1914) Kanev, 1985 and retention of E. caproni Richard, 1964 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in C3H mice: pathological, ultrastructural, and cytochemical effects on the host intestine. 839 78

This study was undertaken to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) can affect platelet responses through the inhibition of energy production. It was found that NO donors: S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicyllamine, SNAP, (5-50 microM) and sodium nitroprusside, SNP, (5-100 microM) inhibited collagen- and ADP-induced aggregation of porcine platelets. The corresponding IC50 values for SNAP and SNP varied from 5 to 30 microM and from 9 to 75 microM, respectively. Collagen- and thrombin-induced platelet secretion was inhibited by SNAP (IC50 = 50 microM) and by SNP (IC50 = 100 microM). SNAP (20-100 microM), SNP (10-200 microM) and collagen (20 microg/ml) stimulated glycolysis in intact platelets. The degree of glycolysis stimulation exerted by NO donors was similar to that produced by respiratory chain inhibitors (cyanide and antimycin A) or uncouplers (2,4-dinitrophenol). Neither the NO donors nor the respiratory chain blockers affected glycolysis in platelet homogenate. SNAP (20-100 microM) and SNP (50-200 microM) inhibited oxygen consumption by platelets. The effect of SNP and SNAP on glycolysis and respiration was not reduced by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of NO-stimulated guanylate cyclase. SNAP (5-100 microM) and SNP (10-300 microM) inhibited the activity of platelet cytochrome oxidase and had no effect on NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase and succinate dehydrogenase. Blocking of the mitochondrial energy production by antimycin A slightly affected collagen-evoked aggregation and strongly inhibited platelet secretion. The results indicate that: 1) in porcine platelets NO is able to diminish mitochondrial energy production through the inhibition of cytochrome oxidase, 2) the inhibitory effect of NO on platelet secretion (but not aggregation) can be attributed to the reduction of mitochondrial energy production.
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PMID:Nitric oxide and platelet energy metabolism. 1544 39