Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The possible role of hepatic mitochondrial function and lysosomal enzyme activity in ethanol-enhanced aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) hepatotoxicity was studied in male rats. Hepatic ATP content was significantly decreased in rats treated with ethanol (4.0 g/kg body wt.) and AFB1 (2.0 mg/kg body wt.) compared with rats treated with AFB1 alone at 12-72 h after AFB1 administration. The decrease in hepatic ATP content was due to the decrease in the activity of NADH-cytochrome c reductase whereas cytochrome oxidase activity did not differ in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1 when compared to AFB1 alone. Total and free activities of hepatic lysosomal enzymes (glucuronidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase) were significantly increased in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1 at 24-36 h after AFB1 administration when compared to AFB1 alone. The increase in hepatic lysosomal enzyme activities correlated well with the increase in the lipid peroxide level of lysosomes in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1. These findings indicate that the decrease in hepatic mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities and the increase in lipid peroxide level of lysosomes might lead to a decrease in hepatic ATP content, and that the increase in the activities of hepatic lysosomal enzymes, respectively, enhance the AFB1 hepatotoxicity of ethanol.
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PMID:Hepatic mitochondrial function and lysosomal enzyme activity in ethanol-potentiated aflatoxin B1 hepatotoxicity. 216 42

A technique is described for the quantitative recovery of monocytes from horse blood by means of flotation on dense albumin solutions. Monocytes are concentrated in a surface pellicle along with a few lymphocytes which are then removed when the monocytes adhere to a glass surface. The in vitro cultivation of homogeneous populations of monocytes results in an increase in (a) cell size, (b) number of mitochondria, and (c) phase-dense granules of the centrosphere. The phase-dense granules are osmiophilic and acid phosphatase positive. Quantitative biochemical analysis during cultivation have revealed increased levels of cytochrome oxidase, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and BPN hydrolase. In addition, glucose utilization and lactic acid production are stimulated under the same conditions. The uptake of both bacteria and colloidal gold is stimulated during in vitro cultivation. The phagocytic activity of cultured monocytes may be enhanced by a purified bacterial lipopolysaccharide. These data are consistant with the in vitro maturation of monocytes to macrophages, a cell with greater metabolic and functional potentional.
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PMID:The isolation and selected properties of blood monocytes. 428 46

Postnuclear supernates from homogenates of skeletal muscle from rats subjected to starvation, injections of Triton WR-1339, dextran-500, and dextran + corticosterone were fractionated by means of rate and isopycnic zonal centrifugation in sucrose-0.02 M KCl gradients. Zonal fractions were analyzed for protein, RNA, cytochrome oxidase, and up to six acid hydrolases. The results indicate the presence of two groups of lysosome-like particles. One group contributes approximately 95% of the cathepsin D and acid phosphatase activity and 75% of the acid ribonuclease, beta-glucuronidase, and arylsulfatase activity in muscle. It is characterized by a modal equilibrium density of 1.18 that is decreased by starvation, but is not shifted by dextran-500 or Triton WR-1339. The second group has a higher proportion of acid ribonuclease, beta-glucuronidase, and arylsulftase; the equilibrium density can be shifted by dextran-500 and Triton WR-1339. It is suggested that this group of lysosomes is derived from macrophages and other connective tissue cells, whereas the former group represents lysosome-like particles from muscle cells.
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PMID:Lysosomes in skeletal muscle tissue. Zonal centrifugation evidence for multiple cellular sources. 432 73