Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A gene encoding the 5 S rRNA-binding protein (YL3) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was further characterized with respect to its chromosomal localization, the controlling sequence regions, and the influence of 5 S rRNA gene expression. Sequence and chromosome blot analyses localized the gene on chromosome XVI immediately downstream of a cytochrome oxidase assembly gene, COXII. S1 nuclease protection studies identified two major initiation sites, 20 and 65 nucleotides upstream of the coding sequence, and a single polyadenylation site, 98 nucleotides downstream of the stop codon. Northern blot analyses and S1 nuclease protection indicated a normal pattern of gene regulation in media supporting alternate rates of growth, but significantly unbalanced regulation was observed in the presence of mutant 5 S rRNA genes which under-produce RNA and result in reduced growth rates. The results suggest a co-ordinating regulatory mechanism which maintains appropriate levels of 5 S rRNA-protein complex; an internal control region-like sequence in the upstream region of the YL3 gene is consistent with this feedback mechanism.
 ...
PMID:Unbalanced regulation of the ribosomal 5 S RNA-binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing mutant 5 S rRNAs. 132 47

Mutations that define the ctaA gene of Bacillus subtilis block cytochrome aa3 formation and sporulation. We have recently described the isolation and initial characterization of the ctaA locus. Analysis of in vivo mRNA transcripts by RNase protection experiments located the 5' and 3' termini of the ctaA transcript, confirming a monocistronic structure. By using a nuclease protection assay, an increase in the abundance of steady-state ctaA mRNA was observed during the initiation of sporulation, followed by a decrease during subsequent stages. Transcripts originating from the ctaA gene were most abundant 2.0 h after the end of exponential growth. This pattern of ctaA mRNA accumulation was confirmed by coupling the transcription of the ctaA gene to lacZ in an integrative plasmid vector. Expression of ctaA was not repressed by glucose and was independent of the spoOA and spoOH (sigH) gene products. Postexponential expression was found to be dependent on the product of the strC gene. The expression of ctaA appears to be regulated in a growth stage-specific manner. The transcriptional start site, identified by high-resolution S1 nuclease protection experiments, was preceded by a single sigma A-dependent promoter sequence.
 ...
PMID:Structure and expression of the cytochrome aa3 regulatory gene ctaA of Bacillus subtilis. 254 7

The oxi2 gene of yeast mitochondrial DNA was previously shown to code for subunit 3 of cytochrome oxidase (Thalenfeld, B.E., and Tzagoloff, A. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 6173-6180). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae D273-10B, a 3.6-kilobase (kb) transcript has been mapped to the oxi2 region of mitochondrial DNA. This transcript, presumed to be the messenger RNA of subunit 3, has been characterized by Northern hybridization analysis and by S1 nuclease mapping. The 3.6-kb transcript has a 5' untranslated leader of 490 nucleotides followed by a 807-nucleotide long coding sequence and a 3' extension of approximately 2450 nucleotides. The nucleotide sequence of the coding region in the 3.6-kb transcript is identical with the gene sequence, thus excluding the presence of introns in the oxi2 gene. Analysis of mitochondrial RNA in cytoplasmic petite mutants containing the oxi2 gene, but with varying lengths of flanking sequences, suggest the presence of a common promoter for oxi2 and the upstream valine tRNA. The promoter has been mapped to a 400-nucleotide long region located on the 5' side of the tRNA gene. Generation of the mature subunit 3 mRNA must, therefore, involve the excision of the tRNA from the primary transcript.
 ...
PMID:Assembly of the mitochondrial membrane system. Characterization of the oxi2 transcript and localization of its promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D273-10B. 629 16

The nucleotide sequence of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (COX2) gene has been obtained from cloned mitochondrial DNA segments of Neurospora crassa. The coding sequences have been identified on the basis of protein sequence homology with the subunit 2 of cytochrome oxidase from yeast and man. The postulated precursor of the N. crassa subunit 2 protein is 250 amino acids long, with a molecular weight of 28,700. As in the tRNA and rRNA genes, the subunit 2 gene is flanked by G + C-rich palindromic sequences, which are highly conserved in N. crassa mitochondria. Three major transcripts have been detected by Northern blot hybridization. A transcript of 1100 bases is tentatively considered the fully processed mRNA. Furthermore, S1 nuclease protection experiments have revealed that the putative subunit 2 mRNA has a 330 nucleotide long 5' leader sequence.
 ...
PMID:Cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 gene in Neurospora crassa mitochondria. 631 89

The vernacular name 'fluorescent Pseudomonas group 97-514' was coined for a group of 43 strains isolated from two French natural mineral waters. All these strains were gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. They produced fluorescent pigment (pyoverdin) on King B medium, catalase and cytochrome oxidase. They were capable of respiratory but not fermentative metabolism. They were not able to accumulate poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate and possessed an arginine dihydrolase system. DNA-DNA relatedness studies (S1 nuclease method) showed that the 43 strains of 'fluorescent Pseudomonas group 97-514' formed a genetically homogeneous group (DNA-DNA relatedness ranged from 70 to 100%). A total of 76 strains representing well-known or partially characterized species of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto had 7-56% DNA hybridization with strain CFML 97-514T. The highest DNA binding values were found with Pseudomonas veronii CIP 104663T (52%), Pseudomonas rhodesiae CIP 104664T (56%), Pseudomonas marginalis ATCC 10844T (56%), Pseudomonas gessardii CIP 105469T (53%) and Pseudomonas cedrella CIP 105541T (52%). Their unrelatedness was confirmed by deltaTm values greater than 7 degrees C. On the basis of the results of phenotypic and DNA-DNA hybridization studies, a novel Pseudomonas species, Pseudomonas grimontii sp. nov., is proposed for the 43 strains of 'fluorescent Pseudomonas group 97-514'. The type strain is strain CFML 97-514T (= CIP 106645T = ATCC BAA-140T). The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain was 58 mol%. A comparison of the complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain CFML 97-514T and the sequence of other strains of the genus Pseudomonas revealed that the novel species fell within the 'Pseudomonas fluorescens intrageneric cluster'. Members of P. grimontii grew at 4 degrees C but not at 41 degrees C. They were able to use D-xylose, alpha-L-rhamnose, alpha-aminobutyrate, meso-erythritol and itaconate as sole sources of carbon and energy and formed levan from sucrose. Strains do not possess lecithinase or Tween esterase activities. The clinical significance of P. grimontii is unknown.
 ...
PMID:Pseudomonas grimontii sp. nov. 1236 Dec 51