Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plants of the genus Senna (formerly Cassia) are poisonous to livestock and other laboratory animals, leading to a syndrome of a widespread muscle degeneration, incoordination, recumbence, and death. The main histologic lesion is necrosis of skeletal muscle fibers. Recently, a mitochondrial myopathy with ragged-red and cytochrome oxidase (COX)-negative muscle fibers was recognized in hens chronically intoxicated with parts of seeds of S. occidentalis. The purpose of the present work was to investigate if there was peripheral nerve involvement in the acute intoxication of chicks with S. occidentalis seeds. Teasing of individual fibers revealed signs of extensive axonal damage with myelin ovoids. Ultrathin sections confirmed the axonal damage. Axons were filled with membranes, some residual disorganized filaments, and enlarged mitochondria. In some instances the axon disappeared and there was secondary degeneration of the myelin sheath. The present work is the first description of the neurotoxic effect of S. occidentalis intoxication. Future work should attempt to determine the mechanisms involved in this neuropathy.
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PMID:Toxic peripheral neuropathy of chicks fed Senna occidentalis seeds. 951 72

We determined the independent effects of hypoxia, glucose deprivation and ischemia (hypoxia plus glucose deprivation) on steady-state levels of mRNA coding for specific nuclear and mitochondrially encoded enzymes of oxidative metabolism in cultured rat neurons and glia. Neither hypoxia nor low glucose alone changed steady-state message levels for any transcript. However, ischemia induced a biphasic effect on mitochondrially encoded transcripts for cytochrome oxidase subunit two (CO2) and the subunits 8 and 6 of ATPase (A 8/6), initially decreasing and then increasing mRNA levels to or above the levels recorded prior to ischemia. In contrast, three nuclear encoded transcripts for mitochondrial proteins were decreased by ischemia. These data demonstrate a lack of coordination between the expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes in the initial response to ischemia and suggest that a selective, primary reaction to brain cell insults exists within the mitochondrion.
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PMID:Ischemia induces a selective biphasic response in brain mitochondrial mRNA levels. 1038 Sep 87