Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.9.3.1 (cytochrome oxidase)
 8,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The tracer, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP), was used as a transneuronal marker in the macaque monkey to study retino-geniculo-striate pathway terminals in area 17. Concomitantly, we stained matching sections for metabolic capacity using the cytochrome oxidase staining technique. Terminal labeling by WGA-HRP and cytochrome oxidase activity staining revealed duplicate patterns in layers II and III, IVA, IVC alpha, IVC beta, and VI. The absence of WGA-HRP-labeled neuronal cell bodies in area 17 supports the conclusion that WGA-HRP is a transsynaptic marker in the macaque visual pathways.
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PMID:Intracortical termination of the retino-geniculo-striate pathway studied with transsynaptic tracer (wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase) and cytochrome oxidase staining in the macaque monkey. 620 19

The purpose of the present study was to assess changes in the levels of cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the adult cat following removal of primary visual cortical areas 17 and 18 on the day of birth (PI), P28, or in adulthood (> or = 6 months). Cytochrome oxidase activity was measured in histological sections 9 or more months after the cortical ablation. Control measures obtained from intact cats show that CO activity is normally highest in the A-laminae of dLGN, and slightly lower in the C-complex. Following visual cortex ablations incurred at any age, CO activity levels are reduced in the A-laminae. This reduction is most profound following ablations incurred on P28 or in adulthood. In contrast, CO activity in the C-complex of dLGN is at nearly normal levels following ablations on P1 or P28, but not in adulthood. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role played by the dLGN in the transfer of visual signals along retino-geniculo-extrastriate pathways that expand following early removal of areas 17 and 18. Moreover, they have implications for our understanding of spared behavioral functions attributed to the extrastriate cortex in cats which incurred early damage of areas 17 and 18.
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PMID:Age dependent modification of cytochrome oxidase activity in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus following removal of primary visual cortex. 890 25

In this series of studies, we have attempted to characterize anatomically the organization of the retinofugal pathways in monkeys that underwent the surgical removal in infancy of the entire left cerebral hemisphere. Hemidecordication in baby monkeys produced a transneuronal retrograde degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that affected mainly the foveal rim. Although the density of RGCs in this region was drastically diminished, the soma sizes of the surviving cells remained normal. The lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) ipsilateral to the removed cortex was dramatically reduced in size although it still showed normal layering. There was a marked reduction in the number of neurons in both the parvocellular and magnocellular layers and a heavy gliosis. By contrast, the superior colliculus ipsilateral to the lesion was remarkably well preserved: although slightly reduced in volume, it showed little gliosis and a metabolic activity, as revealed by cytochrome oxidase histochemistry, similar to the superior colliculus contralateral to the lesion. Behavioral perimetry indicated a partial sparing of vision up to 45 degrees in the 'blind' hemifield. We argue that the preservation of the retino-tectal pathway mediates most of the residual visual functions found in the 'blind field' of hemispherectomized human subjects.
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PMID:Neural bases of residual vision in hemicorticectomized monkeys. 897 44