Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.7.1.2 (nitrate reductase)
 3,861 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The molybdenum requirement for growth and conidial formation by Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus, and A. sulphureus was found to be 0.2 ppb, which was one-fifth that of an A. niger isolate. Molybdenum deficiency depressed growth, conidial formation, dry weight, soluble protein, and the specific activities of nitrate reductase, succinic dehydrogenase, and aconitase in all the isolates of Aspergillus studied, but the specific activities of catalase and peroxidase were depressed only in isolates of A. niger, A. terreus, and A. flavus. Also, molybdenum deficiency stimulated the specific activities of acid phosphatase and ribonuclease in the A. flavus isolate, although the specific activities of these enzymes decreased in other isolates. Eighteen hours after the addition of molybdenum (5 ppb) to molybdenum-deficient (0.02 ppb) cultures of A. niger, the specific activities of catalase, peroxidase and succinic dehydrogenase were restored in the absence of cycloheximide, while the specific activity of nitrate reductase was recovered even in the presence of the inhibitor. There was no effect on the specific activities of aconitase and acid phosphatase following the addition of molybdenum to molybdenum-deficient cultures of A. niger.
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PMID:Molybdenum nutrition of isolates of four Aspergillus species. 309 Dec 28

The effect of sugar mill effluent on the activities of peroxidase, amylase, and nitrate reductase of rice (Oryza Sativa L. C.V. Mushoori) seedlings have been investigated. In addition, an attempt was also made to investigate effluent-induced changes in the activities of mitochondrial enzymes, such as succinate dehydrogenase, during germination of rice seedlings. The effects were studied in relation to both concentration of effluent and time of exposure. The activity of all enzymes tested, except succinate dehydrogenase, decreased during effluent treatment. A marked increase in succinate dehydrogenase activity was noticed at various concentrations of effluent treatment. When time-dependent changes in succinate dehydrogenase activity were followed a nearly threefold increase was found with 12 hr of treatment after which a rapid loss was noticed. A correlation was established between the retardation of growth and development of effluent-treated rice seedlings with the activities of some key enzymes regulating growth and development.
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PMID:The effect of sugar mill effluent on enzyme activities of rice seedlings. 316 May 78

Biochemical responses of Pinus massoniana, with and without the inoculation mycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius at the root, to artificial acid rain (pH 2.0) and various Ca/Al ratios were investigated. Some enzymes associated with the nutritive metabolism, such as acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nitrate reductase, mannitol dehydrogenase and trehalase, in the roots, stems and leaves of plant were obviously inhibited by the artificial acid rain and Al. After treatment with pH 2.0 + Ca/Al (0/1 or 1/10) artificial acid rain, the protein content in the organs was decreased. However, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations were induced. It demonstrated that acid rain and Al could induce oxygen radicals in plant. Compared with the treatments with lower pH or Al, respectively, the combination of lower pH and Al concentration was more toxic to P. massoniana. Al toxicity could be ameliorated by the addition of Ca and the amelioration was the most when the ratio was 1/1 among the various Ca/Al ratio. Infection with mycorrhizal fungus P. tinctorius at the root of P. massoniana increased the ability of the plant to resist the toxicity of artificial acid rain and Al stress.
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PMID:Biochemical responses of the mycorrhizae in Pinus massoniana to combined effects of Al, Ca and low pH. 1066 22

Plants of Ricinus communis L. in the city of Porto Alegre, in southern Brazil, were exposed to urban traffic exhaust emissions for 5 months and compared with controls kept at a site essentially free of direct motor vehicle emissions. No symptomatic visible injuries were observed, but significant differences could be measured in growth, enzymatic activities of total peroxidase and nitrate reductase, chlorophyll content, leaf buffering capacity, and N contents in leaves. Additionally, these data were compared with results from fumigation experiments under controlled conditions. The study showed that some physiological parameters in R. communis L. plants could be used as an appropriate bioindicator system for urban traffic contamination, and therefore it is recommended that dose-response relationships should be developed.
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PMID:Monitoring of urban traffic emissions using some physiological indicators in Ricinus communis L. plants. 1087 18

Tobacco seedlings were inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi in natural soil. The results showed that compared with the control, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity, and protein in leaves were higher, malondialdehyde(MDA) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) decreased, while the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and peroxidase(POD) increased. Meanwhile, seedlings were inoculated with two strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi respectively, and the above physiological indices trended the same changes. Moreover, the effect of strain Calvatia lilacina was higher than that of VA mycorrhizal fungi.
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PMID:[Effects of different mycorrhizal fungi on physiological metabolism of tobacco seedlings]. 1196 28

We investigated the rooting rate, the number of roots, and the state of growth of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindi) plantlet in medium where La(NO3)3 (0.5-100.0 micromol/L) was added 20 d after transplanting. The activity of peroxidase, nitrate reductase, and the fresh weight of roots were determined 44 d after transplanting. The result showed that the optimum concentration of La(NO3)3 (1.0-3.0 micromol/L) in the rooted medium could increase the rate and the fresh weight of rooting, promote the length of root, and increase the activities of peroxidase and nitrate reductase.
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PMID:Effects of lanthanum element on the rooting of loquat plantlet in vitro. 2440 35

Nitrate reductase, peroxidase, water-soluble sugars, root vitality and total biomass of Brassica napus seedlings were investigated with soil after magnetization treatment. The results showed that nitrate reductase activity was increased by 10.76% after 200 mT treatment. The contents of water-soluble sugars were increased by 11.05% and root vitality by 26.40% for 300 and 100 mT treatments, respectively. Total biomass also showed a trend of increase as the magnetization increased. The highest biomass of the above-ground parts was achieved at 300 mT, which was 13.28% higher than that of control. In addition, total biomass of below-ground parts was the highest at 200 mT, which was 13.17% higher than that of control, and the ratio of below-ground to above-ground parts decreased by 10.00%, suggesting that the overall environmental quality of the soil was improved significantly.
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PMID:[Effects of magnetized soil on physiological and biochemical indexes of Brassica napus seedlings]. 1292 43

Research on NO in plants has gained considerable attention in recent years mainly due to its function in plant growth and development and as a key signalling molecule in different intracellular processes in plants. The NO emission from plants is known since the 1970s, and now there is abundant information on the multiple effects of exogenously applied NO on different physiological and biochemical processes of plants. The physiological function of NO in plants mainly involves the induction of different processes, including the expression of defence-related genes against pathogens and apoptosis/programmed cell death (PCD), maturation and senescence, stomatal closure, seed germination, root development and the induction of ethylene emission. NO can be produced in plants by non-enzymatic and enzymatic systems. The NO-producing enzymes identified in plants are nitrate reductase, and several nitric oxide synthase-like activities, including one localized in peroxisomes which has been biochemically characterized. Recently, two genes of plant proteins with NOS activity have been isolated and characterized for the first time, and both proteins do not have sequence similarities to any mammalian NOS isoform. However, different evidence available indicate that there are other potential enzymatic sources of NO in plants, including xanthine oxidoreductase, peroxidase, cytochrome P450, and some hemeproteins. In plants, the enzymatic production of the signal molecule NO, either constitutive or induced by different biotic/abiotic stresses, may be a much more common event than was initially thought.
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PMID:Nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase activity in plants. 1508 Dec 77

The effects of different application rates of humic acid compound fertilizer (HA) on the yield and physiological characteristics of pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) were studied in this paper. The results showed that different application rates of (HA) could affect the physiological activities and yield of pepper. The nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and peroxidase (POD) activity were improved with increasing application rate, but the change rate of NRA was reduced gradually. POD activity in inorganic compound fertilizer treatment was improved significantly when the application rate of fertilizer was higher than 0.3 g.kg-1, but that in HA treatment changed smoothly. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was improved significantly when the application rate of fertilizer was lower than 0.2 g.kg-1, and decreased gradually when the application rate was higher than 0.2 g.kg-1. The change of transpiration rate was consistent with that of SOD activity. The relationship between the application rate of fertilizer and the yield of pepper could be described with quadratic curve regression model. According to the equation, the highest application rate of HA should be 0.27 g.kg-1, and the highest yield of pepper could reach 165.22 g per pot.
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PMID:[Effects of different application rates of humic acid compound fertilizer on pepper and its mechanism of anti-senility and incremental yield]. 1513 93

This paper reports the toxic effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on duckweed, Lemna polyrhiza. The 8-day IC(50) of PCP to L. polyrhiza was 8.08 mg/L. At 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L, PCP inhibited L. polyrhiza chloroplast activity. At low PCP exposures, chloroplast activity was more sensitive than chlorophyll content of L. polyrhiza. At 0.2 and 0.5mg/L, PCP stimulated L. polyrhiza nitrate reductase activity. At 0.2 and 0.5mg/L PCP, duckweed peroxidase activity was 78.3% and 91.0% of the control test, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) of PCP in L. polyrhiza were 79 and 62 at 0.2 and 0.5mg/L PCP, respectively. This is the first study of the effect of PCP on peroxidase activity, nitrate reductase activity, and chloroplast activity of L. polyrhiza. The BCFs of PCP in L. polyrhiza are also for reported the first time.
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PMID:Toxic effects of pentachlorophenol on Lemna polyrhiza. 1632 8


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