Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.7.1.2 (nitrate reductase)
 3,861 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent nitrate reductase activity in crude extracts of Trichoderma virde was significantly inhibited by physiological concentrations of ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride, but not by ammonium or sodium sulfate. The chloride inhibition of nitrate reductase activity increased in a linear manner with chloride concentration.
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PMID:Decrease in nitrate reductase activity in extracts of Trichoderma viride Incubated with chlorides. 55 76

In accordance with Recommendation 30b of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, which calls for the development of recommended minimal standards for describing new species, we propose minimal standards for describing the genus Mycobacterium and new slowly growing species of this genus. The minimal standards for assignment of a strain to the genus Mycobacterium include acid-alcohol fastness, a DNA G+C content in the range from 61 to 71 mol%, and mycolic acid detection with characterization of C22 to C26 pyrolysis esters. The recommended minimal standards for describing a new slowly growing Mycobacterium species are based on the results of phenotypic and genomic studies and include the results of the following conventional tests: growth at 25, 30, 33, 37, 42, and 45 degrees C; pigmentation; resistance to isoniazid, thiophene-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide, hydroxylamine, p-nitrobenzoic acid, sodium chloride, thiacetazone, picrate, and oleate; catalase activity; Tween hydrolysis; urease activity; niacin detection; and nitrate reductase, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, pyrazinamidase, and alpha-esterase activities. In addition, a mycolic acid profile should be determined, and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments in which the difference between the denaturation temperature of the homologous reaction and the denaturation temperature of the heterologous reaction is determined should be performed. This proposal has been endorsed by the members of the Subcommittee for Taxonomy of the Mycobacteria of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology.
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PMID:Proposed minimal standards for the genus Mycobacterium and for description of new slowly growing Mycobacterium species. 158 Nov 93

Nitrite and nitrate represent the products of the final pathway of nitric oxide metabolism. These two ions were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and tissue homogenates by mixing the sample with acetonitrile containing NaBr as an internal standard, followed by centrifugation. The supernatant was injected hydrodynamically on a capillary 50 cm x 75 microns (I.D.) and electrophoresed at 6 kV (reversed polarity) in 1.4% sodium chloride in phosphate buffer for 13 min with detection at 214 nm. In addition to removal of the proteins, acetonitrile caused sample stacking. Urinary nitrate analysis by CE was compared to that by the enzymatic Aspergillus nitrate reductase method, with a correlation coefficient of 0.96.
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PMID:Analysis of nitrate in biological fluids by capillary electrophoresis. 936 97

The activity of nitrate reductase from the salt-tolerant alga Dunaliella parva is inhibited by sodium chloride and potassium chloride, but not by glycerol. The activity of the enzyme from Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick 611-8b and from the XD line of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi) cells is inhibited by all three solutes. Salt tolerance in Dunaliella parva, which is due to internal formation of glycerol, is accompanied by the adaptation of the activity of the enzyme to elevated glycerol concentrations.
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PMID:The effects of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and glycerol on the activity of nitrate reductase of a salt-tolerant and two non-tolerant plants. 2446 59

Numerous studies have shown beneficial cardiovascular and metabolic effects of dietary nitrate but the release or uptake of these anions on an organ level is still poorly elucidated. Here we administered sodium nitrate in the pig and measured acute changes in release/uptake of nitrate and nitrite across several organs as well as cardiovascular and metabolic functions. In 17 anesthetized pigs multiple venous catheters and arterial ultrasonic blood flow probes were positioned. After pretreatment with the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor l-NAME to minimize involvement of NOS-dependent nitrate/nitrite generation, the animals received bolus injections of either sodium nitrate or sodium chloride. Organ blood flows and release/uptake of nitrate and nitrite were measured in the pulmonary, splanchnic, hepatic and renal circulations for up to two hours. In addition, small intestinal luminal NO, gut secretion of nitrate, as well as hepatic and renal NADPH oxidase activity were measured. At baseline there was a significant uptake of nitrite in the liver and kidneys together with a release of nitrite from the lungs. In the control pigs, arterial plasma nitrite progressively declined during the observation period (-54%) but was stable in the nitrate group, indicating conversion of nitrate to nitrite. Sodium nitrate led to a marked accumulation of nitrate in the small intestinal lumen with a parallel increase in luminal nitrite. This was coupled with release of nitrite in the portal vein and a concomitant uptake of this anion in the liver. There was a trend towards reduced NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in the liver but an increase in the kidney. Nitrate had no acute effects on cardiovascular parameters or regional and systemic oxygen consumption. In conclusion, we found a notable difference in release and uptake of nitrate and nitrite between the organs investigated. Our findings indicate an acute conversion of nitrate to nitrite, most likely independent of oral bacteria but by a mammalian nitrate reductase and/or gut bacteria.
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PMID:Organ uptake and release of inorganic nitrate and nitrite in the pig. 2942 40