Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.6.99.3 (diaphorase)
 5,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Analytical subcellular fractionation studies were performed on neutrophils from five patients, including two females, with chronic granulomatous disease. The density distribution and marker enzyme activities of the principal subcellular organelles in unstimulated cells were similar to those in unstimulated neutrophils from control subjects. NADH dependent reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium was measured in four of the patients including one female. In homogenates of whole cells the specific activity of this enzyme expressed as milliUnits/mg protein was lower in the patients than in the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was however a highly significant difference between the specific activities of this enzyme in the plasma membrane fractions isolated from neutrophils of the four patients and the three controls. These findings suggest that the primary microbicidal oxidase of neutrophils, defective function of which manifests as the syndrome of chronic granulomatous disease, is a plasma membrane NADH oxidoreductase.
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PMID:Analytical subcellular fractionation of neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Demonstration of the enzyme defect in four cases. 68 56

Three NADH diaphorase phenotypes were observed in the red cells of sheep. Breeding data indicated that this polymorphism was under the control of two autosomal codominant alleles, designated DiaF and DiaS. Phenotype Dia F had significantly lower NADH diaphorase activity than phenotype Dia S. The frequency of DiaF and DiaS was determined in 9 different breeds.
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PMID:NADH diaphorase as a genetic marker for sheep red cells. 75 32

Starch gel electrophoresis of sheep hemolysates revealed anodically faster, polymorphic NADH/NADPH diaphorase (Dia1) and slower NADH diaphorase (Dia2). Frequencies of alleles Dial F and Dial S for six sheep breeds in Czechoslovakia are given and efficacy for parentage control is discussed. A heterogeneity in Dia2 is caused by a prolonged storage of samples.
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PMID:Further studies on sheep polymorphic erythrocyte diaphorase. 75 45

The presence of NADH diaphorase, G-6-PDH, ICDH, delta5-3beta-HSDH, 17beta-HSDH and 11beta-HSDH enzyme activity has been histochemically demonstrated in the renal and the collecting tubules of the kidney of the musk shrew, Crocidura caerulea, a primitive mammal. It is inferred that the kidney is capable of converting delta5-3beta, 17beta- and 11beta-hydroxysteroids to ketosteroids, presumably, during steroid excretion.
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PMID:Steroid dehydrogenases in the kidney of musk shrew, Crocidura caerulea: a histochemical study. 81 70

In the blood from 63 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), transferrin, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase II, phosphohexose isomerase, NADH diaphorase and leucocyte antigens were polymorphic. On the basis of these traits, paternity eliminations were determined for 29 offspring of 26 females from an established breeding group containing 8 sexually mature males. The dominance of the males was assessed by the directionality of the agonistic encounters. After examination of the results for two breeding seasons it was found that (1) the alpha male did not do all, or even most, of the successful mating and (2) there was evidence demonstrating increased reproductive success for males as a function of relative agonistic rank for the second but not the first of the 2 years.
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PMID:Paternity and status in a rhesus monkey group. 81 74

Three brothers with congenital recessive methaemoglobinaemia without mental retardation were found to be homozygous for NADH diaphorase deficiency. Twelve family members were heterozygous. One of the probands had marked digital clubbing, an unusual feature in this disease. In the probands, the red-cell NADH diaphorase was very low and unstable, whereas in the leucocytes this enzyme was present at a normal level. Isoelectric focusing of haemoglobin in the three probands showed that the alpha-chain was preferentially oxidized spontaneously. This confirms the greater oxidizability of this chain, as already described on isolated chains.
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PMID:Congenital enzymopenic methaemoglobinaemia. Clinical and biochemical study of a family with three homozygotes. 82 72

Homogenates of Crithidia fasciculata were fractionated by differential centrifugation. Mitochondria were sedimented quantitatively at 10(4) g-min and accounted for approximately 10% of the total recovered protein. Catalase was found exclusively in the supernatant fraction whilst NADH:cytochrome c oxidoreductase and p-nitrophenylphosphatase were found in all the fractions. Zonal centrifugation confirmed that catalase was non-sedimentable. Clean separation of mitochondria was obtained in both high-speed and rate zonal experiments, but no NADH:cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity could be detected in these organelles. Separation of large lysosomal vacuoles which contained p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity was obtained and these were clearly resolved from mitochondria by both high-speed and rate zonal centrifugation.
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PMID:Subcellular fractionation by differential and zonal centrifugation of the trypanosomatid Crithidia fasciculata. 89 63

Blood samples from 109 Siriono (Eastern Bolivia) belonging to the Tupi-Guarani group were investigated for enzyme variants in the following systems: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, phospho-glucomutase (locus 1 and 2), acid phosphatases, lactate dehydrogenase, NADH diaphorase, pseudocholinesterase (E1 and E2 locus), and serum alkaline phosphatase. The most relevant observations are: (1) A relative lack of polymorphism, a characteristic feature of the Amerindian populations studied up to now. These data are consistent with the hypothesis of a 'common ancestral background' in Indian populations whatever the degree of sociocultural and linguistic diversity, and the geographical distances. (2) Specific traits due to the frequency of alleles in some systems confer to that tribe a particular position among Amerindians. The effects of genetic drift may be postulated in order to explain the high rate of PGM and 6PGD polymorphism. Furthermore, in that small community, the disappearance of some alleles (pa gene) can plausibly be explained in terms of a balanced influence of mutational and selective pressure.
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PMID:Serum and red cell enzyme variants in an Amerindian tribe: the Sirionos (Eastern Bolivia). 97 93

The effects of intra-articular injections of non-radioactive and tritium-labelled glyceryl trioleate into the mandibular and knee joints of adult rabbits have been investigated using autoradiographic and histochemical techniques and electron microscopy. As observed at the fourth day after operation, fat droplets accumulate in cells of the fibrous, intermediate and cartilaginous layers of mandibular condylar, and in the superficial and upper middle (rather than the deeper) zones of femoral condylar cartilage. Autoradiography of frozen sections shows that numerous silver grains are located over these fat-laden cells following injection of trioleate which has been labelled in the fatty acid moiety of the molecule. In the knee joint the number of grains is directly related to the amount of lipid in the cell. Following injection of glyceryl-labelled trioleate no such result is obtained; it seems doubtful whether or not there is any uptake of this label. However, synovial membrane from the knee joint appears to take up both kinds of trioleate. Results of histochemical methods of NADH diaphorase, lactic dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and beta-glucosaminidase are consistent with ultrastructural evidence of degeneration in some chondrocytes and of loss of ground substance from the matrix. A raised level of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity is probably associated with synthesis of endogenous glycerol for re-esterification of absorbed fatty acids, and enhanced activity of UDPglucose dehydrogenase with the chondrocytic reaction to matrix depletion. Apart from the increase in fat content, ultrastructural features in injected knee joints include flattening of cell processes against the chondrocyte surface and more abundant intracytoplasmic filaments. Injected mandibular joints show little evidence of these changes although the number of cells in the cartilage appears to be greatly reduced. No extracellular fat droplets occur in femoral cartilage, but material similar in electron density to intracellular fat is observed at the external aspect of some mandibular chondrocytes. The findings indicate that the fatty acid portion of triglyceride injected intra-articularly is taken up by the chondrocytes and retained until at least the fourth day after injection. It is suggested that prior lipolysis takes place either in the synovial cavity (or membrane) or at the chondrocyte surface, but it is uncertain how or in what form fat traverses the matrix. Lipoarthrosis appears to produce changes in the chondrocytes which are thought to be pathological; a number of cell deaths occur. The possibility that gross degeneration of the articular cartilage may ensue is subject to further investigation.
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PMID:Changes in articular cartilage following intraarticular injection of tritiated glyceryl trioleate. 97 82

Human red cell NADH diaphorase isozyme patterns have been examined in 3,060 unrelated Australians of European origin, by starch gel electrophoresis. 26 people with variant isozyme patterns were encountered: 12 were phenotype Dia 2-1 and 13 were Dia 4-1. A new variant isozyme pattern (Dia 7-1) was identified. No variants were identified in 100 Melanesians and 70 Australian Aborigines.
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PMID:Further data on the incidence and segregation of genetically determined electrophoretic variants of human red cell NADH diaphorase. 117 50


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