Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.6.99.3 (diaphorase)
 5,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using synchronized Dictyostelium discoideum Ax-2 cells and the differential display method, a mitochondrial gene cluster (referred to as differentiation-associated gene 3; dia3) was isolated as one of the genes expressed specifically during the transition of Ax-2 cells from growth to differentiation. The dia3 gene encodes for a mitochondrial protein cluster (NADH dehydrogenase (NAD) subunit 11, 5, ribosomal protein S4 (RPS4), RPS2, and NAD4L). Northern blot analysis using nonsynchronized Ax-2 cells has shown that the dia3 RNA of about 8 kb is scarcely expressed during the vegetative growth phase, and the maximal expression was attained at 2 h after starvation. To analyze the gene function of dia3, we tried inactivation of rps4 by means of homologous recombination and obtained several transformed clones showing mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy. The transformed cells grew normally in nutrient medium, but their development after starvation was greatly impaired, thus resulting in the failure of many cells to differentiate. In this connection, the cAMP receptor 1 (car1) expression, which is one of the earliest markers of differentiation, was found to be markedly reduced in the rps4-inactivated cells.
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PMID:Transient expression of a mitochondrial gene cluster including rps4 is essential for the phase-shift of Dictyostelium cells from growth to differentiation. 1057 Apr 66

We describe an open reading frame (ORF) with high homology to reverse transcriptase in the mitochondrial genome of Oenothera. This ORF displays all the characteristics of an active plant mitochondrial gene with a possible ribosome binding site and 39% T in the third codon position. It is located between a sequence fragment from the plastid genome and one of nuclear origin downstream from the gene encoding subunit 5 of the NADH dehydrogenase. The nuclear derived sequence consists of 528 nucleotides from the small ribosomal RNA and contains an expansion segment unique to nuclear rRNAs. The plastid sequence contains part of the ribosomal protein S4 and the complete tRNA(Ser). The observation that only transcribed sequences have been found i more than one subcellular compartment in higher plants suggests that interorganellar transfer of genetic information may occur via RNA and subsequent local reverse transcription and genomic integration.
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PMID:Plastid, nuclear and reverse transcriptase sequences in the mitochondrial genome of Oenothera: is genetic information transferred between organelles via RNA? 1465 Apr 33