Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.99.3 (diaphorase)
 5,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The possible role of hepatic mitochondrial function and lysosomal enzyme activity in ethanol-enhanced aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) hepatotoxicity was studied in male rats. Hepatic ATP content was significantly decreased in rats treated with ethanol (4.0 g/kg body wt.) and AFB1 (2.0 mg/kg body wt.) compared with rats treated with AFB1 alone at 12-72 h after AFB1 administration. The decrease in hepatic ATP content was due to the decrease in the activity of NADH-cytochrome c reductase whereas cytochrome oxidase activity did not differ in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1 when compared to AFB1 alone. Total and free activities of hepatic lysosomal enzymes (glucuronidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase) were significantly increased in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1 at 24-36 h after AFB1 administration when compared to AFB1 alone. The increase in hepatic lysosomal enzyme activities correlated well with the increase in the lipid peroxide level of lysosomes in rats treated with ethanol and AFB1. These findings indicate that the decrease in hepatic mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities and the increase in lipid peroxide level of lysosomes might lead to a decrease in hepatic ATP content, and that the increase in the activities of hepatic lysosomal enzymes, respectively, enhance the AFB1 hepatotoxicity of ethanol.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic mitochondrial function and lysosomal enzyme activity in ethanol-potentiated aflatoxin B1 hepatotoxicity. 216 42

We report a method for the isolation of enriched fractions of intact Golgi apparatus from neurons of 10- to 12-day-old rat brains. Neurons were prepared according to a modified method of Farooq and Norton [J. Neurochem. 31, 887-894 (1978)]. Golgi-enriched fractions were obtained after centrifugation of postmitochondrial supernatants in a discontinuous sucrose gradient. Golgi fractions 1 and 2, recovered at the interfaces of 28-34% and 34-36% sucrose densities, respectively, were examined with morphometric and enzymatic methods. Morphometric analyses showed that 21-34% of fraction 1 and 11-29% of fraction 2 consisted of intact Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes, and rough endoplasmic reticulum contaminated fraction 1 (6-10%) and fraction 2 (14-26%). Golgi fraction 1 showed a 25- to 65-fold enrichment over neurons of UDP Gal:GlcNAc galactosyltransferase, CMP-sialic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase, and PAPS:cerebroside sulfotransferase activities. Golgi fraction 2 showed a 8- to 23-fold enrichment over neurons of the activities of the above glycolipid- and glycoprotein-synthesizing enzymes. The activities of the possible marker enzymes rotenone-insensitive NADH-cytochrome c reductase, succinate-cytochrome c reductase, and arylsulfatase were low or minimally elevated in the Golgi fractions. A sevenfold enrichment of Na+, K+-ATPase activities was found in the Golgi fractions. This is consistent either with significant plasma membrane contamination or with the presence of this enzyme in the neuronal Golgi apparatus.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and characterization of an enriched Golgi fraction from neurons of developing rat brains. 400 71