Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.99.3 (diaphorase)
 5,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histological and behavioral traits are associated with reelin (Reln) haplo-insufficiency in heterozygous reeler mouse (rl+/-). These phenotypic traits are an approximately 50% decrease of brain Reln mRNA and Reln protein, an accumulation of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-positive neurons in subcortical white matter, an age-dependent decrease in prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI), and neophobic behavior on the elevated plus-maze. Possible analogies between these rl+/- phenotypic traits and signs of psychosis vulnerability are discussed.
 ...
PMID:The phenotypic characteristics of heterozygous reeler mouse. 1036 48

Some behavioral symptoms and neuropathological features of schizophrenia, like alterations of local GABAergic interneurons, could be emulated in an animal model of psychosis based on prolonged low-dose exposure to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, e.g. MK-801. Employing this model, we examined distinct subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons within the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Compared to saline control, animals receiving MK-801 exhibited a decreased density of hippocampal parvalbumin-positive interneurons. A co-administration of the antipsychotic drug haloperidol ameliorated this effect of MK-801 on PV(+) interneurons in the hippocampus, but led to a marked reduction of PV immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex, when comparing with saline, MK-801 or haloperidol treatment alone. Neither calretinin immunoreactivity nor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase staining, representing neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity mostly detectable in interneurons, was altered by either treatment. With special reference to the hippocampus, these data show that a prolonged application of low-dose NMDA receptor antagonist could, in part, mimic some neuropathologic findings in human schizophrenia, thus strengthening the idea that (sub-) chronic NMDA receptor antagonism in animals is a viable approach in mimicking aspects of schizophrenia. Moreover, this study provides further evidence for regional differences in the response of GABAergic interneurons to NMDA receptor antagonism and antipsychotic treatment.
 ...
PMID:Alterations of hippocampal and prefrontal GABAergic interneurons in an animal model of psychosis induced by NMDA receptor antagonism. 1760 3

Abnormalities in mitochondrial complex I, which is responsible for controlling mitochondrial function, have been implicated in a variety of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially including schizophrenia. The NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 1 (NDUFS1) is the largest subunit of complex I. To explore whether the encoding NDUFS1 gene confers susceptibility to schizophrenia or is associated with the severity of typical symptoms of schizophrenia, we recruited 519 stable schizophrenia patients receiving clozapine treatment and 594 healthy controls for genotyping to investigate the association of four selected tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NDUFS1 and both schizophrenia risk and symptom severity. The severity of psychotic symptoms was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and then tested for association with the four SNPs. The SNP rs1044120 showed significant association with schizophrenia (adjusted P=0.032). The frequency of the G allele of rs1044120 was significantly higher in patients than among the healthy controls (adjusted P=0.008). Stratification by sex revealed a significant association between the rs1044120 polymorphism and schizophrenia among males (adjusted P=0.036 and 0.008 in genotypic and allelic comparisons, respectively). We also observed a significant difference in the negative symptom scores among the three genotypes among these males (adjusted P=0.036). Post hoc comparisons showed that rs1044120 G/G carriers had higher negative symptom scores than those with G/T and T/T carriers (raw P=0.035 and 0.005, respectively). Our findings suggest that NDUFS1 may confer susceptibility to schizophrenia in male subjects, acting as a causative factor for the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
...
PMID:Genetic variant in NDUFS1 gene is associated with schizophrenia and negative symptoms in Han Chinese. 2535 34