Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.99.3 (diaphorase)
 5,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection of experimental rats with Trypanosoma brucei (T. b. brucei) results in a decrease in the activities of aniline hydroxylase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase and a lowering of the level of reduced glutathione in the liver. The activity of cytochrome c reductase remains above normal 50 h after infection. Infection of animals previously treated with either phenobarbitone or 3-methylcholanthrene results in a reduction in the specific activity of aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine-N-demethylase. However, the specific activity of aromatic hydrocarbon hydroxylase is not depressed in 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats.
 ...
PMID:Altered hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activity resulting from experimental infection of rats with Trypanosoma b. brucei. 685 93

A non-replicating triple-mutant herpes simplex virus (14H delta 3vhsZ) expressing the bacterial marker enzyme beta-galactosidase, was assessed for neurotropism and cytopathic effects as a vector for gene transfer into differentiated phaeochromocytoma 12 cells in vitro and into spinal sympathetic neurons in vivo. In the in vivo study, the 14H delta 3vhsZ was injected into the adrenal gland of hamsters. For comparison, an evaluation of two adenovirus vectors, AdCA17lacZ and AdCA36lacZ, was performed. Infection of the differentiated phaeochromocytoma 12 cells by 14H delta 3vhsZ resulted in intense beta-galactosidase staining in 80-90% of the cells without changes in cell morphology, detected by light microscopy, after a period of four days. No cytoskeletal disruption was detected by immunocytochemistry for the neurofilament protein and no apoptosis was demonstrated by the Hoescht stain for nuclear chromatin in virus-infected cells in comparison to mock-infected control cells. Twoto three days after adrenal inoculation with 14H delta 3vhsZ, beta-galactosidase was detected in 240 preganglionic neurons per hamster (n = 8), a number equal to about 25% of the population of targeted neurons. The beta-galactosidase reaction product extended throughout the normal kite-shaped neuronal somata and extensive dendritic arbour. The number decreased to 120 by five days (n = 3) and to two by eight days (n = 4). This decrease was presumably due to loss of expression of the marker gene and not to cell death because, at eight days, the number of sympathetic pregnanglionic neurons in the nucleus intermediolateralis, pars principalis, that were immunoreactive for the neurotransmitter enzyme choline acetyltransferase, and demonstrated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity, were the same on the infected left side of the cord as on the uninfected right side. Inflammatory cells surrounded some of the infected neurons at five days but by eight days the infiltrate was reduced. Infection of differentiated phaeochromocytoma 12 cells by AdCA17lacZ and AdCA36lacZ also resulted in marker gene expression in a large proportion of the cells (80-90%) in the absence of cytopathic effects. In contrast, four days after adrenal injection of AdCA17lacZ or AdCA36lacZ (n = 5 for each) only an average of three preganglionic neurons per hamster expressed beta-galactosidase activity, despite clear adrenal infection. AdCA17lacZ and AdCA36lacZ both produced light patches of staining confined to the neuronal soma. These neurons had normal morphology but sometimes were surrounded by an inflammatory infiltrate. In conclusion, the non-replicating herpes simplex virus, 14H delta 3vhsZ, had minimal cytotoxic effects in neurons, in vitro or in vivo, and was efficiently transported from the adrenal gland to infect many sympathoadrenal pregnanglionic neurons. In contrast, very few neurons demonstrated beta-galactosidase activity after injection into the adrenal gland of AdCA17lacZ and AdCA36lacZ. Therefore, 14H delta 3vhsZ is a more suitable vector than either of the adenovirus vectors tested for eliciting short-term changes in preganglionic neuron gene expression.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of a multi-mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 for gene transfer into sympathetic preganglionic neurons and a comparison to adenovirus vectors. 969 36

Infection with SIVmac251 in some rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) leads to B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) clinically similar to that of HIV-infected AIDS patients. To further characterize the SIV-associated B-NHL we have generated genetic profiles of malignant cells by subtractive hybridization and Northern blot analysis. We have analyzed 21 clones of a subtracted cDNA library corresponding to overexpressed genes in diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) SIV-associated monkey lymphoma. Eight of these clones represent a sequence homologous to an abundant transcript from KG-1 cells originally established from a human myelogenous leukemia. The protein encoded has a 60% similarity to a hypothetical glycine-rich transmembrane signal protein of Caenorhabditis elegans and 25% similarity to the ret finger protein. The other cDNA clones contained sequences of the serum amyloid A gene (SAA), the alpha1-acid glycoprotein gene (AGP), the ribosomal protein S3a (RPS3a) and L8 (RPL8) genes, the interferon-inducible gene (INF-ind), the metastasin gene (mts1), and the NADH dehydrogenase I gene (ND-I). The remaining cDNA clones consisted of yet unknown sequences. In addition, we detected an up-regulation of the cytochrome c oxidase II gene (COX-II), the ND-IV gene, and the SET oncogene by Northern blot hybridization in three SIV-associated NHLs of different histomorphological classification. All these genes have not previously been found to be overexpressed in B-NHL.
 ...
PMID:Differential gene expression in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of SIV-infected monkey. 1065 56