Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.99.1 (NADPH-diaphorase)
 3,903 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nitric oxide synthase is co-localized with somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in a subpopulation of striatal interneurons that stain selectively for NADPH-diaphorase. We studied the ontogeny of diaphorase-positive neurons in striatal serum-free cultures derived from 15-16-day-old CD1 mice. NADPH-diaphorase staining was detected as early as embryological day 18 in vivo and day 5 in vitro. Over the next seven days the number of neurons staining for NADPH-diaphorase increased rapidly and then levelled off at about 0.5-1% of the total neuronal population both in vivo and in vitro. The cultured diaphorase neurons were also similar to their in vivo counterparts in terms of morphology and dendritic branching. Striatal neurons expressing NADPH-diaphorase exhibit similar ontogeny, morphology and neurochemical characteristics in vivo and in serum-free primary neuronal cultures. The culture system may represent a useful model for studying this important subgroup of striatal neurons.
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PMID:The ontogeny of NADPH-diaphorase neurons in serum-free striatal cultures parallels in vivo development. 914 14

Nitric oxide synthase is co-localized with somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in a subpopulation of striatal interneurons that stain selectively for NADPH-diaphorase. We studied the ontogeny of diaphorase-positive neurons in striatal serum-free cultures derived from 15-16-day-old CD1 mice. NADPH-diaphorase staining was detected as early as embryological day 18 in vivo and day 5 in vitro. Over the next seven days the number of neurons staining for NADPH-diaphorase increased rapidly and then levelled off at about 0.5-1% of the total neuronal population both in vivo and in vitro. The cultured diaphorase neurons were also similar to their in vivo counterparts in terms of morphology and dendritic branching. Striatal neurons expressing NADPH-diaphorase exhibit similar ontogeny, morphology and neurochemical characteristics in vivo and in serum-free primary neuronal cultures. The culture system may represent a useful model for studying this important subgroup of striatal neurons.
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PMID:The ontogeny of NADPH-diaphorase neurons in serum-free striatal cultures parallels in vivo development. 902 80

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression can be regulated under natural or experimental conditions. This work aims at elucidating whether the expression of nNOS or its related NADPH-diaphorase (ND) activity are modified by manipulation of the normal inputs to neurons. We used the olfactory bulbs from two mouse strains, BALB and CD1, because they show divergences in their synapse patterns, and these differences affect periglomerular cells, interneurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase or nNOS/ND. The olfactory inputs to these neurons can be disrupted by inhalation of methyl bromide. The effect of this gas on olfactory axons, as well as the synaptic features in both mouse strains, were studied using electron microscopy. The changes in expression were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively at different times after lesion to nine topographical regions of the olfactory bulb. Methyl bromide inhalation induced a degeneration of olfactory axons in both strains, but had different effects on the expression of nNOS/ND and tyrosine hydroxylase. In BALB mice, where periglomerular cells do not receive direct inputs from olfactory axons, no changes were detected in tyrosine hydroxylase or in ND expression. In CD1 periglomerular cells, where olfactory axons establish direct synapses, a significant down-regulation of both markers was observed. These changes were observed differentially across the olfactory bulb, being more pronounced in rostral regions and more acute for ND than for tyrosine hydroxylase. Our results indicate that the synaptic inputs influence the expression of ND activity related to nNOS and that the activation of the enzyme is more severely affected than its protein expression.
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PMID:Expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase/NADPH-diaphorase during olfactory deafferentation and regeneration. 1076 49

Quantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity for arginine-vasopressin (AVP-ir) in the telencephalon of male (intact and castrated) and female CD1 mice allows us to precisely locate two sexually dimorphic (more abundant in intact than castrated males and females) AVP-ir cell groups in the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and the amygdala. Chemoarchitecture (NADPH diaphorase) reveals that the intraamygdaloid AVP-ir cells are located in the intra-amygdaloid BST (BSTIA) rather than the medial amygdala (Me), as previously thought. Then, we have used for the first time tract tracing (combined with AVP immunofluorescence) and fiber-sparing lesions of the BST to analyze the projections of the telencephalic AVP-ir cell groups. The results demonstrate that the posterior BST originates the sexually dimorphic innervation of the lateral septum, the posterodorsal Me and a substance P-negative area in the medioventral striato-pallidum (mvStP).The BSTIA may also contribute to some of these terminal fields. Our material also reveals non-dimorphic AVP-ir processes in two locations of the amygdala. First, the ventral Me shows dendrite-like AVP-ir processes apparently belonging supraoptic neurons, whose possible functions are discussed. Second, the Ce shows sparse, thick AVP-ir axons with high individual variability in density and distribution, whose possible influence on stress coping in relation to the affiliative or agonistic behaviors mediated by the Me are discussed. Finally, we propose that the region of the mvStP showing sexually dimorphic AVP-ir innervation is part of the brain network for socio-sexual behavior, in which it would mediate motivational aspects of chemosensory-guided social interactions.
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PMID:Extending the socio-sexual brain: arginine-vasopressin immunoreactive circuits in the telencephalon of mice. 2362 52