Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.6.5.4 (SOR)
720 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study is to assess the role of L-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DES) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in glutathione (GSH)-induced tolerance to salinity stress (SS) in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Two weeks after germination, before initiating SS, half of the pepper seedlings were retained for 12 h in a liquid solution containing H₂S scavenger, hypotaurine (HT), or the L-DES inhibitor DL-propargylglycine (PAG). The seedlings were then exposed for three weeks to control or SS (100 mmol L^-1 NaCl) and supplemented with or without GSH or GSH+NaHS (sodium hydrosulfide, H₂S donor). Salinity suppressed dry biomass, leaf water potential, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency, ascorbate, and the activities of dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glyoxalase II in plants. Contrarily, it enhanced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, methylglyoxal, electrolyte leakage, proline, GSH, the activities of glutathione reductase, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glyoxalase I, and L-DES, as well as endogenous H₂S content. Salinity enhanced leaf Na⁺ but reduced K⁺; however, the reverse was true with GSH application. Overall, the treatments, GSH and GSH+NaHS, effectively reversed the oxidative stress and upregulated salt tolerance in pepper plants by controlling the activities of the AsA-GSH and glyoxalase-system-related enzymes as well as the levels of osmolytes.
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PMID:Involvement of L-Cysteine Desulfhydrase and Hydrogen Sulfide in Glutathione-Induced Tolerance to Salinity by Accelerating Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle and Glyoxalase System in Capsicum. 3266 27

Salt treatment (50 mM NaCl) reduced plant growth of loquat (Eribotria japonica Lindl.) (by up to 40%) but not that of anger (Cydonia oblonga Mill.). Salt stress induced a strong leaf Na⁺ accumulation in both species. However, the observed increase in leaf Cl^- level was higher in loquat (13-fold) than in anger plants (3.8-fold). Addition of Ca²⁺ (25 mM) significantly reduced Na⁺ and Cl^- concentrations in both salt-treated species. In anger leaves, calcium addition to the nutrient media did not change the leaf calcium contents in salt-treated or untreated plants, this value being lower in salt-treated plants. However, in loquat plants, an increase in leaf Ca²⁺ was observed after the calcium addition. Surprisingly, an increase in Ca²⁺ concentration was also observed in salt-treated loquat plants. In general, anger plants had higher constitutive antioxidant enzyme levels in both control and salt-treated plants. Salt stress did not change antioxidant enzyme levels in loquat plants. A similar effect was observed in anger plants, but in this case a 2-fold induction of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity was observed.In both species, salinity produced an oxidative stress, indicated by an increase in lipid peroxidation, this value being much higher in loquat (83%) than in anger (40%) plants. In salt-treated plants, Ca²⁺ addition provided some protection to the membranes, because the increases observed in thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were not significant.In contrast, in control plants Ca²⁺ treatments increased glutathione reductase (GR) and decreased catalase activity in anger, but increased MDHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), GR and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in loquat plants. In salt-treated plants, Ca²⁺ additions decreased catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) for anger and raised DHAR, GR and SOD for loquat. However, the mechanism by which Ca²⁺ regulates antioxidant enzymes remains to be determined.These results suggest that anger plants have a higher capacity to scavenge AOS, both under saline and non-saline conditions. Accordingly, and related to the smaller Cl^- increase observed, anger plants are more salt-tolerant, at least partly owing to the higher antioxidant enzyme levels observed.
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PMID:The effect of calcium on the antioxidant enzymes from salt-treated loquat and anger plants. 3268 95

A stable NaCl-tolerant mutant (R1) of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat has been developed by in vitro mutagenesis with gamma radiation (5 gray; Gy). Salt tolerance was evaluated by the capacity of the plant to maintain both flower quality and yield under NaCl stress. Enhanced salt tolerance of the R1 mutant was attributed to increased activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR), and to reduced membrane damage, higher relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoids contents. RAPD analysis revealed two polymorphic bands (956 and 1093 bp) for the R1 mutant that might be considered as specific RAPD markers associated with salt tolerance. Better performance of the R1 progeny under identical salinity stress conditions, even in the second year, confirmed the genetic stability of the induced salt tolerance character. The R1 mutant developed by gamma ray treatment can be considered a salt-tolerant mutant showing all the positive characteristics of tolerance to NaCl stress.
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PMID:Isolation of a NaCl-tolerant mutant of Chrysanthemum morifolium by gamma radiation: in vitro mutagenesis and selection by salt stress. 3268 17


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