Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.5.4 (SOR)
 720 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peroxisomes, being one of the main organelles where reactive oxygen species (ROS) are both generated and detoxified, have been suggested to be instrumental in redox-mediated plant cell defence against oxidative stress. We studied the involvement of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaf peroxisomes in defence response to oxidative stress generated upon Botrytis cinerea Pers. infection. The peroxisomal antioxidant potential expressed as superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, EC 1.11.1.19) as well as the ascorbate-glutathione (AA-GSH) cycle activities was monitored. The initial infection-induced increase in SOD, CAT and GSH-Px indicating antioxidant defence activation was followed by a progressive inhibition concomitant with disease symptom development. Likewise, the activities of AA-GSH cycle enzymes: ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) as well as ascorbate and glutathione concentrations and redox ratios were significantly decreased. However, the rate and timing of these events differed. Our results indicate that B. cinerea triggers significant changes in the peroxisomal antioxidant system leading to a collapse of the protective mechanism at advanced stage of infection. These changes appear to be partly the effect of pathogen-promoted leaf senescence.
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PMID:Fungal pathogen-induced changes in the antioxidant systems of leaf peroxisomes from infected tomato plants. 1584 61

Percutaneous vertebroplasty has been used to treat aggressive vertebral hem-angiomas, osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, and vertebral lesions from metastatic disease or myeloma. Consider it for patients with severe acute or chronic pain related to one of these lesions who have failed a reasonable course of medical therapy (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on structured reviews of observational studies). Contraindications include an uncorrectable coagulation disorder, infection in the area, spinal cord compression, destruction of the posterior wall of the vertebral body, and severe degrees of vertebral body collapse (SOR: B, based on structured reviews of observational studies). Pain relief from vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures may be less for older fractures (SOR: C).
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PMID:Clinical inquiries. Who should receive vertebroplasty? 1682 55

Early life stress increases vulnerability to psychostimulant abuse, sometimes in a sex-dependent manner. These effects are presumably produced by modulation of neurobiological reward mechanisms; however, drug intake is also influenced by sensitivity to the drug's aversive properties, and little is known about the effects of early life stress on stimulant aversion. To assess this possibility, Sprague-Dawley rat litters experienced daily separation from the dam for 3 h (MS) or 15 min (H) on post-natal days 2-14; control litters (AFR) experienced twice-weekly routine animal facility care only. As adults, the animals were tested for conditioned taste aversions (CTA) induced by 1.5, 2.0 or 3.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine administered intraperitoneally over three acquisition trials followed by six drug-free extinction trials (n=7-8/sex/dose/rearing group). All groups acquired significant aversions compared to their vehicle-treated controls, but differential rearing had no effect on CTA acquisition or extinction. Collapsed across rearing groups, females exhibited significantly stronger aversions and slower extinction than their male counterparts at the low 1.5 mg/kg dose, and unlike the males, failed to fully extinguish relative to their vehicle controls at 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg. These data underscore the importance of sex differences in assays of stimulant abuse liability, and further support the hypothesis that the effects of post-natal stress on the reinforcing efficacy of psychostimulants may be predominantly due to modulation of reward mechanisms.
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PMID:Early maternal separation and sex differences in the aversive effects of amphetamine in adult rats. 1823 Apr 2