Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
 6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hepatoprotective action of Silymarin was studied in 65 male Wistar rats, prior to and following D-galactosamine intoxication. There was a marked reduction in the histological and ultrastructural changes in the nucleolus, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, granular and agranular endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes of the liver cell and also in the Kupffer stellate cells. The reduction in glycogen and RNA loss was determined biochemically. The activities of many enzymes were kept constant (oxidoreductases, NADH2 diaphorase, G-6-phosphatase, Mg++ and K+/Na+-dependent ATPases, acid phosphatases).
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PMID:[The action of silymarin on Galactosamine-induced hepatitis in the rat (author's transl)]. 18 15

Gossypol, a pigment of cotton, is a hepatic toxin for chickens. Thus, despite its high protein content, inclusion of cottonseed meal in poultry diets is problematic. Silymarin, an extract from milk thistle, has hepatoprotective qualities and could potentially serve as a feed additive to offset the toxicity of gossypol. The objective of this study was to determine if silymarin could counteract gossypol toxicosis. Cockerels (n = 144) from lines divergently selected for humoral immunity were used. Three individuals from each line were randomly assigned to a cage and fed a corn-soybean meal (control) diet for 14 d. Six cages per line were then randomly assigned 1 of 4 dietary treatments (1,000 mg/kg of gossypol, 1,000 mg/kg of silymarin, 1,000 mg/kg of both gossypol and silymarin, or a control diet). Body weight and feed intake data were collected for 21 d, with chickens bled weekly to collect plasma and determine hematocrits. Chickens were then killed, and livers were collected for subsequent histology and enzymatic activity analyses. Endpoints measured weekly were analyzed with repeated measures and regression methodologies. Plasma and liver enzyme activities, and histological measures, were analyzed using ANOVA. No significant interactions between diets and lines were observed. Chickens assigned to the gossypol and gossypol-silymarin diets stopped gaining weight at d 14 (P < 0.001) and lost weight by d 21 (P < 0.001). Gamma glutamyltransferase was also elevated in these chickens at d 14; activities increased further by d 21 (P < 0.001). Histological examination of liver slices indicated substantial lipidosis (P < 0.001). Furthermore, quinone reductase activity was higher in gossypol- and gossypol-silymarin-treated chickens than in control and silymarin-treated chickens (P < 0.001). Silymarin did not alleviate any clinical effects of gossypol toxicosis.
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PMID:Effects of silymarin on gossypol toxicosis in divergent lines of chickens. 2070 72

Paraquat (PQ) is not only widely used as a potent herbicide but also causes severe fatality to humans around the world due to accidental or intentional ingestion. Silymarin is a well-known phytochemical whose multi-functional effects in humans include anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The efficacy of silymarin in protecting against PQ-induced cytotoxicity is unknown. This study investigated the potential role of silymarin against PQ-induced oxidative stress on human A549 adenocarcinoma cell line. Colorimetric-based viability assay, determination of reactive oxygen species, cell damage assay based on lactate dehydrogense retention, anti-oxidant enzyme assay, Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses were done. Our data revealed that silymarin could dramatically prevent cell toxicity, and reduce the LDH retention induced by PQ on A549 cell line. Silymarin acted as a potent cytoprotective effector through the effective induction of anti-oxidant related genes, including Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1, in the presence of PQ. The induction of the Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 genes was first evident after 3h. The data indicate the potential of silymarin in alleviating PQ intoxication.
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PMID:Antioxidant effect of silymarin on paraquat-induced human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line. 2270 84