Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
 6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Knowledge of genetic polymorphisms in gene-environment studies may contribute to more accurate identification of avoidable risks and to developing tailor-made preventative measures. The aim of this study was to describe the allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of select genes, which may be included in future gene-environment studies on cancer in Japan. SNP typing was performed on middle-aged Japanese men randomly selected from the general population in five areas of Japan. We genotyped and calculated allele frequencies of 153 SNPs located on 40 genes: CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, AHR, ESR1, ESR2, ERRRG, PGR, EPHX1, EPHX2, HSD17B2, HSD17B3, GSTM2, GSTM3, GSTT2, GSTP1, NAT1, NAT2, COMT, ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C, ALDH2, NOS2A, NOS3, IL1A, IL1B, OGG1, NUDT1 [MTH1], DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, SLC6A4, NR3C1 [GCCR], MTHFR, and NQO1. In the present study, the Japanese allele frequencies were verified by using nationwide population samples.
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PMID:Allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 40 candidate genes for gene-environment studies on cancer: data from population-based Japanese random samples. 1463 38

Previous studies suggest that enzymes involved in the androgen metabolic pathway are susceptibility factors for prostate cancer. Estrogen metabolites functioning as genotoxins have also been proposed as risk factors. In this study, we systematically tested the hypothesis that common genetic variations for those enzymes involved in the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathways increase risk for sporadic and familial prostate cancer. From these two pathways, 46 polymorphisms (34 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 10 short tandem repeat polymorphisms, and 2 null alleles) in 25 genes were tested for possible associations. Those genes tested included PRL, LHB, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, HSD3B2, HSD17B2, CYP17, SRD5A2, AKR1C3, UGT2B15, AR, SHBG, and KLK3 from the androgen pathway and CYP19, HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, COMT, GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, NQO1, ESR1, and ESR2 from the estrogen pathway. A case-control study design was used with two sets of cases: familial cases with a strong prostate cancer family history (n = 438 from 178 families) and sporadic cases with a negative prostate cancer family history (n = 499). The controls (n = 493) were derived from a population-based collection. Our results provide suggestive findings for an association with either familial or sporadic prostate cancer with polymorphisms in four genes: AKR1C3, HSD17B1, NQO1, and GSTT1. Additional suggestive findings for an association with clinical variables (disease stage, grade, and/or node status) were observed for single nucleotide polymorphisms in eight genes: HSD3B2, SRD5A2, SHBG, ESR1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, GSTT1, and NQO1. However, none of the findings were statistically significant after appropriate corrections for multiple comparisons. Given that the point estimates for the odds ratio for each of these polymorphisms are <2.0, much larger sample sizes will be required for confirmation.
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PMID:Evaluation of genetic variations in the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathways as risk factors for sporadic and familial prostate cancer. 1750 24

Estrogen and its metabolites are believed to play important roles in breast cancer, and its determinants include both genetic and lifestyle factors. The objective of the study is to investigate the association of breast cancer risk in Thailand with genetic polymorphisms in several genes involved in estrogen synthesis and metabolism. Five hundred and seventy patients with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer and 497 controls were included in the present study. Forty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP17, CYP19, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, AhR, ESR1, PGR, ERRG, COMT, HSD17B1, HSD17B2, EPHX1 and NQO1 genes were genotyped. Association of genotypes with breast cancer risk was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression, which suggested an altered risk for the following SNPs [gene, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval are shown]: heterozygote carriers of rs4917623 [CYP2C19, OR = 1.38 (1.04-1.84)], rs2066853 [AhR, OR = 1.34 (1.02-1.76)] and rs1857407 [ERRG, (OR = 0.72 (0.55-0.96)]; homozygote carriers of rs762551 [CYP1A2, OR = 2.75 (1.47-5.14)], rs4917623 [CYP2C19, OR = 1.48 (1.00-2.19) and rs945453 [ERRG, OR = 1.66 (1.04-2.65)]. In addition, a stratified analysis by menopausal status indicated that the association of the CYP1A2 (rs762551) and CYP17 (rs743572) polymorphisms with breast cancer risk were mainly evident in premenopausal, while ERRG (rs1857407) was significant in postmenopausal women. These findings suggest that CYP1A2, CYP2C19, AhR, ERRG and CYP17 polymorphisms may play an important role in estrogen metabolism and modify individual susceptibility to breast cancer in Thai women.
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PMID:Genetic polymorphisms of estrogen metabolizing enzyme and breast cancer risk in Thai women. 1941 45