Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunization of rabbits with increasing doses of Cl. botulinum toxoid, type B, led to the development in the kidneys of a focal intracapillary productive glomerulonephritis, and also of productive endo- and perivasculites. Blood letting (in the amount of 1% of body weight) aggravated the morphological picture of the affection on account of supervention of the alternative and exudative components. At the same time blood letting led to reduction of the NAD-diaphorase, succinic dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the epithelium of the proximal portions of the nephrons.
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PMID:[Histological and histochemical changes in the kidneys of rabbits immunized with Cl. botulinum toxoid type B in combination with blood loss]. 100 41

A histichemical study is presented of the activity of some redox enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NAD-diaphorase and lactate dehydrogenase) in 37 cultured human glial brain tumours. The stages of cell activity at different periods of tumour cultivation and the level of their differentiation in the initial tissue were taken into consideration. The examined tumour cultures showed enzymatic cell polymorphizm. During of period of adaptation of explants, the activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes was low to increase during differentiation and proliferation of cultures. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase elevated in tumour cells from cultures of dedifferentiated astrocytomas and glioblastomas mith marked anaplasia. The activity of this enzyme increased also in the course of advanced necrobiotic changes in the tumour cells.
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PMID:[Histochemical study of the enzymatic activity of cultivated human macroglial brain tumors]. 116 47

A study of ingestion and elimination of cells of peritoneal exudate (CPE) of mouse labeled antigens of various physico-chemical nature with a simultaneous analysis of their influence on the function of the enzymatic systems of macrophages showed that both the corpuscular (sheep erythrocytes, typhoid vaccine) and the soluble (albumin, endotoxin of S. typhi, tetanus and staphylococcus toxoid) antigens caused a unitypical reaction of the cells of monocytic phagocytic system. Thirty minutes after the administration the principal mass of labeled antigens (albumin, typhoid vaccine, sheep erythrocytes) was phagocytized by macrophages and was revealed chiefly in their phagolysosomal fraction. The greater part of radioactive material was eliminated in the course of the first 24 hours; however, some of it could be found in the macrophages for a long time. During the process of phagocytosis the activity of lysosomal (catepsin, acid phosphatase, desoxyribonuclease, beta-glucoronidase) enzymes in the macrophages decreased and the activity of redox (succinic dehydrogenase, NAD-N2-diaphorase) enzymes became intensified. A fall of catepsin activity in the CPE of mice 30 minutes after the intraperitoneal administration of the antigens was accompanied by its activation in the cells of the spleen.
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PMID:[General regularities of the macrophage reaction in the administration of various antigens and the phagocytosis of microorganisms]. 126 63

In vitro alterations induced by a 10 micrograms/ml and 50 micrograms/ml dose each of thiophenate and fenbendazole on the absorptive surfaces of Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) were studied. The most significant changes were induced in the gut epithelium. Alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase activities were decreased, succinic dehydrogenase activity was increased, while acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase were completely lost from the intestinal epithelium after treatment with either of the drugs. A stimulatory effect of these two anthelmintics was observe on lactic dehydrogenase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase distribution. Thiophenate caused an increase in the activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and nonspecific esterases and a decrease in reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-D) activity. Fenbendazole treatment led to the inhibition of GDH, while G-6-PD, NADPH-D, cytochrome oxidase, monoamine oxidase and nonspecific esterase activity remained unaltered in the epithelium.
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PMID:Histoenzymic effects of thiophenate and fenbendazole on the absorptive surfaces of Haemonchus contortus. 133 82

Endogenous cytochrome oxidase activity was investigated in the adult rat striatum at the light microscope level to see if it was distributed in accordance with the established striatal patch/matrix compartmentalisation. Striatal sections stained to visualise cytochrome oxidase activity were compared with serial sections stained to visualise tyrosine hydroxylase and calbindinD28k-like immunoreactivity, established markers of the matrix compartment. The distribution of endogenous cytochrome oxidase activity was found to coincide with the immunocytochemical staining pattern seen for tyrosine hydroxylase and calbindinD28k whereby areas of intense tyrosine hydroxylase and calbindinD28k-like immunoreactivity (termed the matrix) corresponded to areas of intense cytochrome oxidase activity. Conversely, areas of less intense tyrosine hydroxylase and calbindinD28k-like immunoreactivity (termed patches) corresponded to areas of low cytochrome oxidase activity. In addition, the distribution of two other oxidative enzymes involved in the regulation of mitochondrial respiration, succinic dehydrogenase and NADH-diaphorase, was examined in the striatum and substantia nigra by using histochemical techniques. Both NADH-diaphorase and succinic dehydrogenase histochemistry showed an uneven pattern of neuropil staining in the striatum. In the substantia nigra a few intensely stained cell bodies were seen in the dorsal-lateral tip of the pars reticulata with both histochemical techniques. By using an anti-cytochrome oxidase antibody an abundance of immunoreactive cell bodies and processes were seen in the substantia nigra, particularly in the dorso-medial rim and dorsal tip of the pars reticulata. The substantia nigra pars lateralis contained many intensely stained cytochrome oxidase-like immunoreactive cell bodies and processes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Compartmental distribution of cytochrome oxidase in the striatum of the rat. 134 42

Activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, NAD2- and NADP2-diaphorases and acid phosphatase in lymphocytes of the peripheral blood as well as malonic dialdehyde and alpha-tocopherol, as parameters of lipid peroxidation defense, were studied in 49 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis and in 17 practically and clinically healthy subjects. Patients with focal pulmonary tuberculosis presented drop of succinate dehydrogenase and NAD2-diaphorase activity and rise of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and NADP2-diaphorase activity in lymphocytes. Parameters of malonic dialdehyde and alpha-tocopherol in patients and healthy subjects had no difference. Patients with infiltrative and fibrocavernous pulmonary tuberculosis had drastic suppression of energy enzymes and sharp rise of acid phosphatase activity in lymphocytes, which correlated with a significant rise of malonic dialdehyde level and decrease of blood serum alpha-tocopherol. There was a tendency to an increase in energy enzymes activity and decrease of acid phosphatase activity 3-4 months after chemotherapy, which was followed by the clinical improvement of patients' condition. Direct dependence was found between the normalization of enzyme activity of lymphocytes and diminution of lipid peroxidation processes.
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PMID:[Lymphocyte enzymes, activity of lipid peroxidation processes and the antioxidant protection of patients with tuberculosis of the lungs]. 146 3

Neutrophil myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide, and chloride constitute a potent antimicrobial system with multiple effects on microbial cytoplasmic membranes. Among these is inhibition of succinate-dependent respiration mediated, principally, through inactivation of succinate dehydrogenase. Succinate-dependent respiration is inhibited at rates that correlate with loss of microbial viability, suggesting that loss of respiration might contribute to the microbicidal event. Because respiration in Escherichia coli can be mediated by dehydrogenases other than succinate dehydrogenase, the effects of the myeloperoxidase system on other membrane dehydrogenases were evaluated by histochemical activity stains of electrophoretically separated membrane proteins. Two bands of succinate dehydrogenase activity proved the most susceptible to inactivation with complete loss of staining activity within 20 min, under the conditions employed. A group with intermediate susceptibility, consisting of lactate, malate, glycerol-3-phosphate, and dihydroorotate dehydrogenases as well as three bands of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, was almost completely inactivated within 30 min. The relatively resistant group, including the dehydrogenases for glutamate, NADH, and NADPH and the remaining bands of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, retained substantial amounts of diaphorase activity for up to 60 min of incubation with the myeloperoxidase system. The differential effects of myeloperoxidase on dehydrogenase inactivation could not be correlated with published enzyme contents of flavin or iron-sulfur centers, potential targets of myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants. Despite the relative resistance of NADH dehydrogenase/diaphorase activity to myeloperoxidase-mediated inactivation, electron transport particles prepared from E. coli incubated for 20 min with the myeloperoxidase system lost 55% of their NADH oxidase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Differential inactivation of Escherichia coli membrane dehydrogenases by a myeloperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial system. 169 36

Haemonchus contortus, incubated in 10 micrograms/ml and 50 micrograms/ml concentrations of Nilzan and albendazole in Tyrode solution were stained for histoenzymatic demonstration of various phosphatases, oxido-reductases and esterases. The intestine showed major alterations after drug treatments. The alkaline phosphatases (AkPase), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), glucose-6-phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase showed a decreased activity in intestine after Nilzan treatment, whereas lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and monoamine oxidase resisted increased reaction. The albendazole treatment resulted in altered distribution pattern of the AkPase, ATPase, SDH, and GDH; while LDH, G-6-PD, and non-specific esterases exhibited slightly enhanced activity in the epithelium. The functional significance of these changes has been fully discussed.
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PMID:Effect of Nilzan and albendazole on the absorptive surfaces of Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda)--a histoenzymic study. 196 79

The activity of human myocardial enzymes in sudden coronary death (SCD) was quantitatively histochemically examined. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta-oxybutyrate dehydrogenase (beta-OBDH), alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH), NAD-diaphorase (NAD-ase), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) was measured on prompt autopsies (up to 3 hours of death onset). beta-OBDH and LDH showed an increase in activity in the myocardium from the subjects who had suddenly died from coronary heart disease without evident changes in the heart. In SCD in the presence of small cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes characterizing the major processes of energy generation was also enhanced, which was caused by moderately severe myocardial hypertrophy. In the myocardium from the subjects who had died from coronary heart disease in the presence of large postinfarction cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes was directly related to the degree of myocardial hypertrophy and the signs of chronic heart failure. As myocardial hypertrophy progressed, the enzymatic activity rose, but there were signs of chronic heart failure, it fell. The findings suggest that the changes in myocardial enzymatic activity in SCD are heterogeneous and associated with the type of prior abnormalities in the cardiovascular system.
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PMID:[Disorders of myocardial metabolism in sudden coronary death in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis: findings of quantitative histoenzymologic studies]. 221 37

Histochemical profiles were made of identified spinal motoneurons from normal adult zebrafish and from animals subjected to cordotomy or unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves. The lesions caused an increase of the myotomal area with oxidative muscle fibers. We studied the question: do changes in the myotomal muscle configuration concur with changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of innervating motoneurons? Based on the location and size of cell somata, two categories of motoneurons are distinguished: large white (W) motoneurons that innervate the deep fast, glycolytic muscle fibers, and smaller red and intermediate (RI) motoneurons that innervate the superficial slow oxidative and intermediate muscle fibers. In normal animals, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity. W and RI motoneurons show similar nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase activity. Short- (2 weeks) and long- (8 weeks) term effects of lesions were studied. The results show that: (1) the 3 types of lesions lead to prolonged changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of spinal motoneurons. The type of change depends on the type of lesion and on the type of motoneuron; (2) unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves affects the histochemical characteristics of spinal motoneurons and the myotomal muscle fiber type configuration on the ipsi- and contralateral side. The contralateral effects are conceived as adaptations to maintain a left-right symmetry in the motor output.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemical profiles of fish spinal motoneurons after cordotomy and axotomy of motor nerves. 228 25


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