Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
 6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muscle fiber composition and oxidative and glycolytic enzymatic activity have been studied with complete traumatic transection of the spinal cord and spastic paralysis of the lower extremities. Muscle sample were taken by means of needle biopsy from the vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Biopsies were also taken for comparison from the deltoid muscle. Fibers staining darkly for alkaline stable myofibrillar ATP-ase (type II) dominated or were the only fibers identified in the paralysed muscles. The deltoid muscles of the same patients had a rather even mixture of type I and II fibers. Staining pattern was reversed after acid preincubation (pH 4.3). Mean diameters in the paralysed muscles were reduced for both fiber types. All fibers stained relatively weakly for NADH-diaphorase. Succinyldehydrogenase activity was low and phosphofructokinase activity usually moderately reduced. The findings imply that neuronal influence on the muscular fibers had led to a change in the staining characteristics of the muscle fibers. Such a change migh indicate altered contractile characteristics, though the detailed nature of the observed findings in still unclear.
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PMID:Muscle fiber composition in patients with traumatic cord lesion. 13

This communication presents the results obtained in tubular aggregates of 24 enzyme histochemical techniques for demonstrating activity of oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases and isomerases. The activity characteristics of the tubular aggregates in m. gluteus medius of 18 patients with diseases of the neuromuscular system were almost identical. A high activity of the mitochondrial enzymes, NADPH: tetrazolium oxidoreductase, NADH:tetrazolium oxidoreductase and cytochrome c oxidase, could be shown in the pathological structures, whereas the activity of the mitochondrial enzymes, glycerol-3-phosphate:menadione oxidoreductase, succinate:PMS oxidoreductase, malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase and isocitrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, and the partial mitochondrial enzymes, malate:NADP+ oxidoreductase and isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, was very slight or even absent. There was a moderate to strong activity of the glycolytic enzymes lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoglucomutase and glucose phosphate isomerase. In contrast, the activity of alpha-glucan phosphorylase was slight. The activity of phosphogluconate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, glucose-6-phosphate:NADP+ oxidoreductase and 5'-nucleotidase was slight, whereas there was no activity of myosin ATPase and mitochondrial ATPase, acid phosphatase or alkaline phosphatase. The high activity of AMP-deaminase was very striking. The activity of peroxidase was moderate. Results obtained with adsorption studies point to adsorption of some of the enzymes studied to the tubular aggregates in vivo and this phenomenon very probably determined the histochemical characteristics of these structures.
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PMID:Histochemical features of tubular aggregates in diseased human skeletal muscle fibres. 317 98

To determine the effect of a soft diet and aging on the masticatory motor unit, we investigated the morphologic and metabolic properties of the superficial masseter muscle and its motoneurons in rats. Twenty rats were divided into four groups of five rats: rats fed a hard diet until 4 months after birth (hard, young), rats fed a soft diet until 4 months after birth (soft, young), rats fed a hard diet until 22 months after birth (hard, old), and rats fed a soft diet until 22 months after birth (soft, old). The diameter of the fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic muscle fiber was significantly smaller in the soft than the hard, and in the old than the young groups. The glycolytic enzyme (phosphofructokinase) activity of the muscle was significantly weaker in the old than the young group. There was no significant difference in soma diameter of the motoneurons between the soft and hard group, while the diameter was significantly larger in the old than in the young group. There was no significant difference in NADH-diaphorase activity of the motoneurons between the soft and hard group, while significantly less activity was demonstrated in the old than in the young group. The reduction in motor unit activity caused by the soft diet is considered to influence the morphologic and metabolic properties in the superficial masseter muscle but not in its motoneurons. The reduction in the oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons with aging may occur regardless of the reduction in motor unit activity.
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PMID:Effect of soft diet and aging on rat masseter muscle and its motoneuron. 829 95