Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
 6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Administration of pertussis toxin (PT) in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed (DT vaccine) or with acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed and diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (APDT) elicits dose- and time-dependent alterations in hepatic drug metabolism in mice. Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) levels were inhibited more than 50% at 7 days following a single injection of PT mixed with either vaccine. When combined with DT vaccine, 125 ng of PT was required to produce this effect, while as little as 16 ng of PT combined with APDT vaccine inhibited P-450 levels. The inhibition of P-450 levels is similar to that observed after a single injection of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed (DTP). Alterations of P-450 levels were accompanied by increased activities of quinone reductase but not with changes in plasma interleukin-6 or tumor necrosis factor levels. Other Bordetella pertussis virulence factors, such as filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae and pertactin, were also tested but had no significant effect on hepatic drug metabolism. Endotoxin or preparations containing endotoxin caused alterations in hepatic drug metabolism within 24 h, concomitant with increased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor levels, but these effects had resolved by 1 week. DTP vaccine and preparations containing PT caused a marked induction of gamma interferon coincident with the maximal inhibition of P-450 levels. This effect was not present with DT or APDT vaccine alone, nor with endotoxin or any combination of factors that did not contain PT. These results demonstrate that PT is a necessary component for the sustained effects of DTP vaccine on hepatic drug metabolism and suggest a role for gamma interferon in this process.
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PMID:Pertussis toxin-induced alterations of murine hepatic drug metabolism following administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed. 840 12

Bordetellosis is an upper respiratory disease of turkeys caused by Bordetella avium in which the bacteria attach specifically to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells. Little is known about the mechanisms of pathogenesis of this disease, which has a negative impact in the commercial turkey industry. In this study, we produced a novel explant organ culture system that was able to successfully reproduce pathogenesis of B. avium in vitro, using tracheal tissue derived from 26 day-old turkey embryos. Treatment of the explants with whole cells of B. avium virulent strain 197N and culture supernatant, but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), specifically induced apoptosis in ciliated cells, as shown by annexin V and TUNEL staining. LPS and TCT are known virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. Treatment with whole cells of B. avium and LPS specifically induced NO response in ciliated cells, shown by uNOS staining and diaphorase activity. The explant system is being used as a model to elucidate specific molecules responsible for the symptoms of bordetellosis.
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PMID:Bordetella avium causes induction of apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase in turkey tracheal explant cultures. 2160 77