Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.6.5.2 (NQO1)
 6,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of ingestion and elimination of cells of peritoneal exudate (CPE) of mouse labeled antigens of various physico-chemical nature with a simultaneous analysis of their influence on the function of the enzymatic systems of macrophages showed that both the corpuscular (sheep erythrocytes, typhoid vaccine) and the soluble (albumin, endotoxin of S. typhi, tetanus and staphylococcus toxoid) antigens caused a unitypical reaction of the cells of monocytic phagocytic system. Thirty minutes after the administration the principal mass of labeled antigens (albumin, typhoid vaccine, sheep erythrocytes) was phagocytized by macrophages and was revealed chiefly in their phagolysosomal fraction. The greater part of radioactive material was eliminated in the course of the first 24 hours; however, some of it could be found in the macrophages for a long time. During the process of phagocytosis the activity of lysosomal (catepsin, acid phosphatase, desoxyribonuclease, beta-glucoronidase) enzymes in the macrophages decreased and the activity of redox (succinic dehydrogenase, NAD-N2-diaphorase) enzymes became intensified. A fall of catepsin activity in the CPE of mice 30 minutes after the intraperitoneal administration of the antigens was accompanied by its activation in the cells of the spleen.
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PMID:[General regularities of the macrophage reaction in the administration of various antigens and the phagocytosis of microorganisms]. 126 63

1. This report describes selected histochemical and physiological properties of the motor units of adult cat soleus muscle approximately one year after self- and cross-reinnervation with the nerve of the heterogenous flexor hallucis longus (f.h.l.). Self-reinnervated f.h.l. motor units are also considered. Whole muscles were tested for fibre reaction to alkaline pre-incubated ATPase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPD) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase (NADH-D). Motor units were isolated and studied by splitting the ventral root in acute preparations.2. The histochemical fibre type profile in the self-reinnervated muscle was comparable to normal muscle as was mean twitch contraction time, twitch-tetanus ratio and fatigue index. The mean tetanic tension of the soleus self- and cross-reinnervated motor units appeared close to a normal soleus whereas the mean tetanic tension of the f.h.l. self-reinnervated units was significantly less than a normal f.h.l.3. An average of 14% of the fibres of the soleus cross-reinnervated muscles had high ATPase and a alpha-GPD staining intensity in contrast to normal and self-reinnervated soleus in which such fibres are absent. Thus alkaline lability of myofibrillar ATPase increased in some fibres of what was originally a homogeneous population. The small increase in the number of densely staining fibres for ATPase at an alkaline pH (14%) was associated with a 73% decrease in (mean) contraction time (41 +/- 11 ms) of the thirty-three cross-reinnervated muscle units studied, with no unit's contraction time greater than 60 ms. Mean contraction times for the self-reinnervated soleus and f.h.l. muscles were 78 +/- 31 ms and 27 +/- 8 ms respectively.4. All fibres of the soleus cross-reinnervated muscles showed intense reaction to NADH-D, as was true of self-reinnervated soleus. This staining pattern is typical of normal soleus. In concordance, these motor units consistently demonstrated a high resistance to fatigue when stimulated for a four-minute period.5. These results suggest that in the adult self-and cross-reinnervated soleus muscle, there is some active mechanism which regulates the eventual size of motor units as reflected by tetanic tension.6. Change in contraction time from that typical for a soleus unit to that similar to an f.h.l. unit remains incomplete one year after cross-reinnervation. Within this time this partial change in single motor units reflects incomplete neural control of this property rather than a mixture of self- and foreign-innervation.7. A greater degree of independence from neural control to conversion of the histochemically demonstrated myofibrillar ATPase activity exists than is the case for contraction time.
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PMID:Histochemical and physiological properties of cat motor units after self-and cross-reinnervation. 715 31

Administration of pertussis toxin (PT) in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed (DT vaccine) or with acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed and diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (APDT) elicits dose- and time-dependent alterations in hepatic drug metabolism in mice. Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) levels were inhibited more than 50% at 7 days following a single injection of PT mixed with either vaccine. When combined with DT vaccine, 125 ng of PT was required to produce this effect, while as little as 16 ng of PT combined with APDT vaccine inhibited P-450 levels. The inhibition of P-450 levels is similar to that observed after a single injection of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed (DTP). Alterations of P-450 levels were accompanied by increased activities of quinone reductase but not with changes in plasma interleukin-6 or tumor necrosis factor levels. Other Bordetella pertussis virulence factors, such as filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae and pertactin, were also tested but had no significant effect on hepatic drug metabolism. Endotoxin or preparations containing endotoxin caused alterations in hepatic drug metabolism within 24 h, concomitant with increased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor levels, but these effects had resolved by 1 week. DTP vaccine and preparations containing PT caused a marked induction of gamma interferon coincident with the maximal inhibition of P-450 levels. This effect was not present with DT or APDT vaccine alone, nor with endotoxin or any combination of factors that did not contain PT. These results demonstrate that PT is a necessary component for the sustained effects of DTP vaccine on hepatic drug metabolism and suggest a role for gamma interferon in this process.
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PMID:Pertussis toxin-induced alterations of murine hepatic drug metabolism following administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed. 840 12